Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: In Higher Education, the use of interdisciplinarity and problematic teaching during the teaching-learning process favors the increase in learning and the quality of the training of future professionals. Due to this reason, the search for means or resources that enable its integration and use acquires considerable significance. Objective: Based on an explanatory study, the research pursued the purpose of assessing the use of the interdisciplinary-teaching problem link in the classes of the subjects of the Degree in Physical Culture. Materials and methods: To obtain information, theoretical and empirical methods were used, such as: historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, document review, observation and survey. Results: The elements that support the integration of interdisciplinarity to problem teaching categories such as the problem situation, teaching problem and tasks are provided, which will enable their use in classes during the training process of the Physical Culture professional. Conclusions: The study carried out made it possible to verify manifest deficiencies in insufficient didactic knowledge and procedures on the use of the interdisciplinarity-teaching problem link.

The improvement of the sports technique is premised on comparing the values of the motor movement, this must be characterized to correct errors detected as part of the sports training management process. Emphasis is placed on highly technical sports, such as bodybuilding training. In this sense, the present research aimed to analyze the half-squat technique in professional and amateur bodybuilders as an empirical method (sport-specific measurement). The research is descriptive-explanatory of correlational order. Six variables of interest are correlated (X1: shoulder joint angle; X2: hip joint angle; X3: maximum speed reached; X4: maximum acceleration reached; X5: center of gravity in X; X6: center of gravity in Y). The means establish differences between independent groups, both in variable X1 (Group 1: ≈66°; Group 2: ≈70°; p=0.247 ), X2 (Group 1: ≈73°; Group 2: ≈86°; p=0.002 ), X3 (Group 1: ≈1.03m/s; Group 2: ≈1.36m/s; p=0.017 ), X4 (Group 1: ≈2.93m/s 2 ; Group 2: ≈4.78m /s 2 ; p=0.011 ), X5 (Group 1: ≈0.43m; Group 2: ≈0.65m; p=0.000 ), and X6 (Group 1: ≈0.61m; Group 2: ≈0.83m; p =0.000 ). Group 1 has a more effective technique, while the amateurs have less efficiency in biomechanical movement due to their inexperience, high values are shown in speed and acceleration, movement angles such as hip angles are included.

The archery flight technique is one of the fundamental defensive actions, its improvement depends on specialized methodologies based on studies of high-level athletes, which serve as a theoretical basis to strengthen the process of sports training management. In this sense, the objective of the research was to biomechanically analyze the technical gesture of flight in professional and amateur soccer goalkeepers. The research is of descriptive-explanatory type of correlational order. Under a non-probabilistic intentional sampling, 30 athletes (male; 16-18 years old) classified into two independent groups (Group 1: Professionals: 15 subjects; Group 2: Amateur: 15 subjects) are studied, 5 variables are biomechanically compared (AS : upper body angle; AI: lower body angle; VM: maximum speed; AM: maximum acceleration; TV: flight time ). The variable "AS" did not present significant differences (Group 1: 141.4°; Group 2: 150.3°; p=0.747 ), nor the variable "AI" (Group 1: 141.62°; Group 2: 150.3°; p=0.161 ), nor the variable "VM" (Group 1: 4.62m/s ; Group 2: 4.96m/s; p=0.601 ), nor the variable "AM" (Group 1: 2.54m/s 2 ; Group 2: 3.26m /s 2 ; p=0.202 ), nor the variable "TV" (Group 1: 1.86s ; Group 2: 1.56s; p=0.535 ), although there are variations in the average ranges. There are no significant variations within the execution of the technical gesture of the flight of the soccer goalkeepers studied. However, it is recommended to extend the study to a larger sample, comparing results with categories of lower age range.

Physical-military preparation includes numerous assumptions that regulate the operational readiness of military personnel, establish the basic standards for all active life. Within the work actions to improve or maintain physical condition, the conditions of the military must be taken into account, where the training of the post- lactation period of women must be conditioned to their biological needs. In this sense, the purpose of the research was to implement a training plan to improve the physical condition of military women of the naval force for the post -lactation period. Under an intentional sampling, seven women (31-36 years old) of the Ecuadorian naval force, in the process of breastfeeding, are inserted into a specialized exercise plan to condition them physically. From here, a study is generated in two moments of the preparation of their aerobic endurance, speed and local muscle power. All the assessment tests presented a lower mean performance in the first assessment. From this result, their indicators are exceeded as part of the post -test, Speed Test: 17:56-17:00 (p=0.018), Cooper Test: 16:38-16:12 (p=0.712), Abdominal Test:≈ 36rep-≈ 41rep (p=0.000) and elbow flexion test: 25rep-30rep (p=0.000). During the intervention process, there were no injuries or other difficulties that caused abandonment of the program. The proposed intervention plan improved and conditioned the physical training of military women of the Ecuadorian naval force in a post -lactation state; thus, it significantly improved speed capabilities and local muscle strength, which conditioned aerobic endurance capacity.

Recreational activities can enhance various variables for the teaching of various elements in children with Down syndrome, which can improve the subject's quality of life, through the scientific application of appropriate physical stimuli and adapted to the context. The objective of this research was to theoretically validate the importance of recreational activities to motivate the learning of children with Down syndrome from different analysis variables. The research is exploratory, with a descriptive-explanatory and correlational orientation, 31 specialists from two independent groups are consulted (Group 1: National Specialists: 16 subjects; Group 2: International Specialists: 15 subjects). The importance of recreational activities in basic (HFB in Spanish) and specific (HFE in Spanish) physical skills, the formation of values (FV in Spanish), cognitive skills (HC in Spanish) and ludic culture (CL in Spanish) is validated. The criteria issued by the independent groups did not show significant differences in the variables "HFB" (p=0.626), "FV" (p=0.545) and "CL" (p=0.861), but in the variables "HFE" ( p=0.000) and "HC" (p=0.000). The need for an update of knowledge in national specialists in the last two variables described is evident. Of the variables analyzed, "HFB" has a greater relative importance, followed by "HFE", "FV", "HC" and "CL" respectively. The present research laid the theoretical foundations to carry out practical researches with a high originality for the Ecuadorian environment. The professional improvement of national specialists and the implementation of prospective actions of consideration are prioritized.

Introduction: The work addressed the importance of the use of recreational games in environmental education activities as a resource to contribute to the knowledge of environmental legal norms in the San Vicente Popular Council, belonging to the Viñales National Park. Objective: The objective of the work was to demonstrate the use of recreational games in environmental education activities to contribute to the promotion and learning of the environmental legal norms applicable to the Community, to face existing environmental problems. Materials and methods: Theoretical methods such as: analysis-synthesis, historical-logical, induction-deduction were used, which allowed: making generalizations regarding the theoretical positions and reaching conclusions, studying and specifying the qualities of recreational games. The semi-standardized interview was used in the same way to diagnose the use of the games by specialists in the community. Results: The work allowed to ratify the effectiveness of linking the recreational game in environmental education activities as a way to contribute to the necessary knowledge about environmental legislation in a community. Conclusions: The implementation of the game allowed linking the community with existing environmental problems and their possible solution, by increasing knowledge through these activities of both environmental education and environmental legislation.

In the strategy with physical-recreational activities in the use of free time by teenagers, a methodological conception is assumed from the linking of quantitative and qualitative approaches, with the articulation of methods and techniques that made it possible to study the background and theoretical criteria about current approaches to this phenomenon. The objective of this work was to implement a strategy with physical-recreational activities that will contribute to the adequate use of free time by adolescents from the private lay units of Sangolquí. The results support the realization of a diagnosis of needs that facilitated the conception of the strategy on a scientific basis, in a structure that was consolidated in stages and actions with the control channels, which allowed a logical and coherent organization in the appropriate use. Free time for teenagers. This study favored the modification of the initial state of the use of free time by adolescents, by giving them a leading role in the pursuit of their interests and the satisfaction of their needs. This leads to arriving at the desired state and the fulfillment of the planned objectives, when considering the articulation and the cognitive, practical and axiological nature of the activities. The experts' assessment considered that the Strategy is Very Appropriate and ratified its value, expressing that it can be implemented, since it has a legal and methodological framework that supports its relevance, feasibility and applicability.

The aim of this research is to identify the mathematical connections promoted in Mexican middle school and high school level study plans and programs about the quadratic equation concept. Mathematical connections are those relationships between two or more ideas, concepts, definitions, theorems, procedures, representations, or meanings with each other, with those and other disciplines, or with real-world situations. These are fundamental to conceptualize the discipline itself, in the teaching-learning processes and assessment standards. This research is qualitative and content analysis method was used for analyzing the selected official documents. Results indicated that the mathematical connections types promoted in these official documents are procedural, feature, different representations, modeling, meaning and part-whole. Finally, some ideas about future research with the mathematical connections approach are raised.

In the last two decades of the 20th century, entering the teaching career has been a recurring theme in educational policies in various regions, the tendency is to incorporate meritocratic schemes focused on standardized assessments. This paper arises from a qualitative research process using the life stories technique, it aims to analyze the insertion of graduates from a Normal School to the teaching career within the framework of an educational policy in Mexico. The findings include that the multifactorial assessment system implemented for the selection of teachers, although it integrates qualitative and quantitative indicators that seek to guarantee a fair and equitable system for entering the teaching career, presents great technical difficulties in its operation, it has also structural problems and in the interpretation for the global evaluation of the participants. It is concluded that the systems for entering the teaching career focused on merit find their weakness in not knowing how to evaluate merit, the forms that have been implemented reveal conditions of inequality and inequity among the participants.

The objective of the research is to assess the effectiveness of the flipped classroom in the satisfaction and mathematical training of graduate students during confinement due to COVID-19, to determine their improvement in academic performance. The type of study corresponds to a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design. It is also a case study for a graduate degree in administration on students’ experiences with the flipped classroom. The sample consisted of 32 participants. The instrument used was a questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale that measured student satisfaction and mathematical training. The results indicate the existence of statistically significant differences (t = 4.813, p = 0.000) between pre-test and post-test; the flipped classroom fosters quality in mathematical training by achieving experiential learning based on problem solving and digital teaching resources. Also, it develops mathematical notation, variable identification, formulation of strategic solutions, and mathematical reasoning. The main conclusion is the flipped classroom effectiveness in the improvement of academic performance besides developing high student satisfaction and mathematical training during the confinement.