Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: the osteomyoarticular system commonly suffers traumatic injuries; the tibia, due to its anatomical characteristics, is more susceptible to fractures.Objective: the aim is to present a series of considerations on minimally invasive surgical techniques for the treatment of these injuries.Methods: theoretical and empirical methods were used to analyze the updated knowledge on these techniques, a bibliographic review was carried out in different databases, both in English and Spanish. A series of principles on osteosynthesis, stability criteria, the use and indications of minimally invasive surgery in the tibia were presented.Conclusions: Minimally invasive osteosynthesis methods in the tibia are adequate treatment procedures and provide a high union rate and a good functional outcome, with few soft tissue complications and little impact on the skin.

Introducción: la artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad sistémica, inflamatoria y de carácter auto inmunitario que puede afectar, además de las articulaciones, otros órganos como el corazón y los pulmones.Objetivo: caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente a los pacientes con artritis reumatoide que presentaron manifestaciones cardiorrespiratorias.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en los 62 pacientes con manifestaciones cardiorrespiratorias atendidos en el Servicio de Reumatología del Hospital “Arnaldo Milián Castro” en el período de enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2018 con predominio del análisis documental para la historia clínica y el informe de las pruebas complementarias realizadas a estos pacientes.Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 52,9 años y predominaron el sexo femenino (6:1), el color blanco de la piel, la procedencia rural (62,9%) y la ocupación trabajador o jubilado (35,5%), la hipertensión arterial fue el antecedente patológico más frecuente, la insuficiencia valvular se presentó en el 35,5% y la pericarditis en el 32,3% de los pacientes estudiados, los trastornos de la conducción y la hipertrofia ventricular se evidenciaron en el 12,9% de los casos, el patrón restrictivo moderado fue el más frecuente y el 41,9% de los pacientes tenían tratamiento con esteroides y fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad.Conclusiones: en el estudio se constató la elevada frecuencia de las manifestaciones cardiorrespiratorias relacionadas con la evolución de la artritis reumatoide.

Introduction: endogenous endophthalmitis is not frequent but a severe form of ocular inflammation. The source of pathogens is located inside the body, and infection spreads hematogenously.Objective: to determine the clinical behavior and endogenous endophthalmitis frequency.Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. Universe understood by 57 eyes with endophthalmitis, 12 of them with endogenous endophthalmitis in Arnaldo Milián Castro Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021.Results: the endogenous endophthalmitis represented 21.1% among all endophthalmitis cases. Male gender prevailed; mean age was 68.3 years. 58.3% of patients had best corrected visual acuity of movement of hands at diagnosis. The 58.3% and 33.3% presented diabetes and renal chronic illness respectively. The most common infection sources were catheter infections and pneumonia. The causative agents were predominantly gram positive bacteria and the most common specie was Staphylococcus aureus (33.3%). The control infection was achieved in 10 patients, while the great majority had same or worse best corrected visual acuity at infection resolution than the initial.Conclusions: globally, the proportion of endogenous endophthalmitis among all the cases of endophthalmitis shows a tendency toward the increment in the last years. It is presented with poor visual acuity and the more common infection source was catheter infections. The most common isolated specie was Staphylococcus aureus.

Introducción: el término acalasia esofágica se refiere a una limitación en el vaciamiento del bolo alimenticio a nivel esofágico asociado a un fallo en la relajación.Información del paciente: se trata de un paciente masculino, de 13 años de edad, que acudió a la consulta por disfagia a los sólidos que progresó a los líquidos, a la regurgitación de saliva y a alimentos blandos, con pérdida progresiva de peso. Se le realizó un rayos X de esófago, estómago y duodeno que mostró dilatación del esófago, con terminación en forma de “punta de lápiz” a nivel de la unión esofagogástrica y una manometría esofágica que reveló un cuerpo esofágico en el que no existe peristaltismo normal, con contracciones incoordinadas o simultáneas (o ambas), repetitivas, multipicos de amplitud normal, no propulsivas; se planteó como diagnóstico la existencia de acalasia esofágica de tipo vigorosa.Conclusiones: a pesar de tratarse de una enfermedad poco frecuente es importante que los Especialistas en Pediatría y en Cirugía tengan en consideración esta enfermedad en el diagnóstico diferencial de todo paciente que tenga disfagia, regurgitación y pérdida de peso.

Introducción: un pseudolinfoma es una proliferación linfocítica benigna, reversible, inflamatoria, reactiva y policlonal que regresa espontáneamente o cura tras la eliminación del factor causal.Información del paciente: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 80 años con lesiones cutáneas diseminadas, eritematosas, pruriginosas en forma de placas y habones asociados a edema periorbitario y prurito. Además presentó lesiones en diana que simularon un eritema multiforme. Los hallazgos histopatológicos e inmunohistoquímicos fueron compatibles con un pseudolinfoma cutáneo, variante plasmocitosis cutis.Conclusiones: esta es una enfermedad infrecuente, de la que no se encontraron casos informados en Cuba.

Introducción: la ecografía fetal permite valorar datos antropométricos que informan sobre la edad gestacional y el crecimiento fetal.Objetivo: valorar la capacidad predictiva de las mediciones biométricas fetales y la estimación del peso fetal para las desviaciones de la condición trófica del recién nacido.Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal en la Ciudad de Santa Clara en el período entre 2013 y 2016. La población de estudio fue de 2 529 gestantes a las que se les realizó ecografía obstétrica de control del embarazo y la muestra de 2 228, seleccionadas mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por criterios. La recogida de datos mediante el Libro de registro de Genética del área de salud.Resultados: la categoría de normal fue predominante en las variables diámetro biparietal, circunferencia cefálica y circunferencia abdominal de los fetos nacidos posteriormente con condición trófica de adecuado para la edad gestacional (entre 10 y 90 percentiles) y los valores de la longitud femoral se mueven en el rango normal independientemente de las condiciones tróficas al nacer. Existe coincidencia entre las aproximaciones percentilares obtenidas en cada variable y los resultados obtenidos de la condición trófica al nacimiento.Conclusiones: de manera general se aprecia un predominio de coincidencia entre las aproximaciones percentilares obtenidas en cada variable y los resultados obtenidos de la condición trófica al nacimiento.

Introduction: among neoplastic diseases, skin diseases have the highest incidence in adults; of this group, malignant melanoma is the one with the highest lethality. The differential diagnosis with other pigmented skin lesions is based on clinical, dermatoscopic and histological findings.Objective: to describe the clinical-dermatoscopic-histological correlations of pigmented skin lesions suggestive of melanoma in patients seen at the "Celestino Hernández" Hospital in the period from September 2018 to September 2019.Methods: a descriptive, longitudinal, prospective study was conducted. The population was constituted by the total number of patients assisted at the Peripheral Tumor Consultation with pigmented lesions and clinical diagnosis of malignant melanoma. The sample consisted of 57 patients who underwent dermoscopy and biopsy.Results: the mean age was 57.8±13.8 years. The clinical, dermoscopic and histological diagnosis of malignant melanoma corresponded in 56.14% of patients. Dermoscopy was corroborated as a valuable study for the diagnosis of melanoma.Conclusions: the diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions suggestive of melanoma predominated in patients older than 60 years and female sex, with predominance of skin phototypes II and III. The lesions were most frequently located on the lower limbs, in contrast to cases with non-melanoma lesions located on the thorax, head and neck. Dermoscopy was of great importance in the diagnosis of melanoma and supported the clinical diagnosis to rule out false positives.

Introduction: cerebrovascular diseases constitute a health problem in the elderly. Several investigations have tried to find a treatment; the use of ozone therapy is another option.Objective: to determine the effectiveness of ozone therapy in hemiplegic syndrome in the elderly caused by cerebrovascular disease.Methods: a prospective, non-probabilistic, quasi-experimental study was carried out in 47 older adult patients with hemiplegic syndrome due to cerebrovascular disease in the period from January 1st, 2017 to December 2019 in the Ozone Therapy Service of the “Idalberto Revuelta” Polyclinic of Sagua la Grande.Results: male sex predominated (31, 65.95%), 34 were evaluated as regular (72.34%) and nine as bad (19.15%) at the beginning and, subsequently, according to the therapeutic, a marked statistical significance was observed towards good evolution at the end of the treatment: 41 (87.23%) had few adverse events in the course of the treatment and improved the quality of life referring to health 40 (85.1%).Conclusions: good evolution was obtained with the treatment, ozone therapy proved to be effective.

Introduction: it has been observed the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on a global scale during the last decades. This opportunistic pathogen, widely associated with healthcare-associated infections, produces mechanisms of resistance to various antibiotics.Objective: to enumerate known risk factors of patients and describe the resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antimicrobials.Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the Angiology Service of the “Camilo Cienfuegos” Hospital from Sancti Spíritus between July 1st and December 31st, 2017 about Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in purulent samples from patients with healthcare-associated infections. The population was 47 samples. The automated Vitek® 2 Compact system was used to confirm the diagnosis and determine antimicrobial susceptibility to 13 antibiotics tested.Results: the main known risk factors found in the patients were type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic arterial insufficiency. Resistance was maintained to B-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenemics in more than 50%; however, low levels of resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tigecycline and colistin were maintained.Conclusions: type 2 diabetes mellitus was the main risk factor in patients admitted to the Angiology Department for contracting a healthcare-associated infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, B-lactams were highly resistant and colistin may be a possible treatment option.

Introduction: Barrett's esophagus occurs when esophageal stratified squamous esophageal epithelium is replaced by columnar-type epithelium and the presence of intestinal metaplasia is confirmed by biopsy. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is its main risk factor. It is considered the only identifiable premalignant condition for esophageal adenocarcinoma. The progenitors of metaplastic cells are not well known and may be from mature squamous epithelial cells or from immature progenitor cells. Their development is influenced by environmental factors acting on an intrinsic genetic predisposition. Several investigations have been carried out by the international scientific community on the basis of animal and human models.Objective: to summarize what has been presented in the literature to serve as a reference tool.Methods: a bibliographic search was carried out through PubMed and Google Scholar, in English and Spanish. Basically, scientific journals of recent years contained in the Medline database, others of similar quality but not included in Medline and some theses were consulted.Conclusions: the understanding of the physiopathogenesis, which takes into account the cells that originate intestinal metaplasia and the early identification of the stages of progression to adenocarcinoma, has gained significant attraction in research through human and animal models during the last years. Knowledge of the immune response and the luminal environment on a genetic basis will allow resources to be placed on high-risk patients and avoid unnecessary procedures in lower-risk patients.