Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Los estudios empíricos sobre los contactos informales en el ámbito de la innovación todavía son muy reducidos debido a las limitaciones a la hora de construir indicadores capaces de identificar y estimar la magnitud de este tipo de intercambio de conocimiento entre individuos. Como forma de solventar esta falta de instrumentos de medición, este artículo presenta como solución alternativa, un análisis a partir de variables existentes en la Community Innovation Survey. Siguiendo esta metodología para una muestra de empresas de servicios en España extraída del Panel de Innovación Tecnológica (PITEC), han sido identificados dos grupos de actividades con elevada propensión a establecer contactos informales con los clientes y proveedores. Este esfuerzo ha permitido identificar flujos externos de información en sectores poco intensivos en tecnología que difícilmente podían ser observados a través de indicadores tradicionales de cooperación debido al carácter tecno-científico de las relaciones representadas en estas variables.

Although there has been a growing interest in studying RFID in various application areas, little research has been undertaken to address applications in developing countries. Among the research that has been undertaken in developing countries, organizational perspectives have received considerable attention but less has been undertaken from other perspectives such as industry and country level. In this paper, a literature study of RFID adoption from different perspectives is presented and focuses on the stages of adoption, level of analysis, and issues of developing countries. A stage-scale (2S) framework is proposed to help identify relevant success factors in RFID adoption and diffusion, as well as its relation to other factors. It is concluded that the proposed framework is useful in providing a broad view of RFID adoption and in observing the dynamic changes in RFID issues from different stages, which is useful for policy and decision makers. Based on this framework, most factors of RFID adoption in developing countries fall within the preliminary stage, while the factors that are shared with developed countries are mostly situated in intermediate stages.

The aim of this paper is to refine, from a configurational perspective, the understanding of causal conditions underlying performance differences between new academic technology-based firms. Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), a research strategy conceived to investigate parsimonious configurations that explain a given result of interest in small-N populations, was adopted as the methodological approach. The analyses were performed using a database related to 81 Brazilian academic spin-offs, pre-incubated by a governmental innovation promotion program. Based on the resultant configurations, parsimonious sets of variables for explaining the initial performance of these new ventures were obtained. Complementary findings and their respective implications are also discussed.

Supply chain optimization, company interdependency and the establishment of global operating networks have all made companies more susceptible to uncertainty and risk. Literature on the subject lacks analysis of how companies have implemented these systems and what the results have been. This paper describes the implementation of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) in three Brazilian world-class companies and evaluates the hindrances and facilitating factors. It also considers the results achieved in performance and company culture. Finally, we propose a model associating the benefits of risk management to the level of organizational transformation.

As the global economy becomes a service oriented economy, food service accounts for over 20% of service revenue, with an annual growth rate of more than 3%. Compared to physical products, service features are invisible, and the production and sale occurs simultaneously. There is not easy to measure the performance of service. Therefore, the service quality of catering services is considered to be an important topic of service management. According Market Intelligence & Consulting Institute (MIC) to apply blog text analyzing to point out top 10 restaurants of blog in Taiwan, what it’s popular restaurant in food service industries. This paper attempts to identify both the importance and performance of restaurant service quality in the Taiwan food service industry using the SERVQUAL and IPA model. We can conclude with certainty that three methods (SERVQUAL, IF and IPA) are able to explain significant amount of service quality. At the same time, the service quality factors of IPA model had more comprehensive consideration in comparison to those of SERVQUAL and IF.

This work seeks to assess the outsourcing process adopted by Philips for producing LCD televisions. The authors used the Resource-based Theory and the Transaction Cost Theory for analyzing the case. Based on industry data and interviews with ten of the company’s senior executives, this study sought to understand how the decision making process was carried out and how it affected the company's activities in the field of LCD televisions. Philips has lost its competitiveness in the Brazilian market – it went from being the leader in 2006 to fourth place in 2009, both as far as regards its sales volume and value. The executives pointed out that the LCD panel is an important resource and that its supply by third parties represented a high transaction cost. The results illustrate the complementarity that exists between the RBT and TCT theories in a competitive environment that has few players.

Research & Development (R&D) plays an increasingly important role in China’s pharmaceutical industry. To gain a competitive edge in the global pharmaceutical market, the current national strategy of China forcefully pushes for independent drug innovations. This article investigates the historical, legal, and institutional contexts in which China’s drug R&D has evolved. Based on an analysis of the drug R&D evolution and national policies in China, it predicts the future trend of China’s policies relevant to drug innovations. This paper helps to understand the impact of national policies on drug R&D in China, which can be used to inform decision-making on investments in China’s pharmaceutical market or conducting technology trade and international cooperation with Chinese partners.

This paper tries to contrast theories and location factors with the results of an open investigation on management of intellectual capital in aquaculture. We analyse the applicability of endogenous development models and enterprise networks, from an alternative point of view different from the hierarchy and the market, finally theories about the formation weight and the R&D&i efforts in real investments and real expenditures that the spanish aquaculture companies assume are contrasted, in competitiveness terms.

Se presenta el desarrollo de un modelo de procesos y una plataforma web para gestionar los derechos de propiedad industrial asociados a los resultados de los programas y proyectos de investigación que se ejecutan en la Universidad de Talca (Chile). El trabajo se inició con una investigación exploratoria seguida de la construcción de un modelo de procesos haciendo uso de la notación BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation). Finalmente se procedió a desarrollar la plataforma web aplicando la metodología de desarrollo ágil de proyectos XP (eXtreme Programming). El resultado alcanzado -el modelo de procesos y la plataforma web-, han posibilitado la formalización de procesos, la definición de reglas, la identificación de roles por parte de los distintos actores involucrados, y están facilitando el monitoreo de las solicitudes de protección de los derechos de propiedad industrial en la Universidad.

This paper examines co-operative innovation and Research and Development (R&D) behaviour between Argentine and Spanish firms. Based on theoretical perspectives from the literature, we present empirical evidence obtained from 104 firms of patterns of cooperation in several processes and out-puts, highlighting firm characteristics, the motives of the collaborating parties, types of partners, R&D and innovation activities, leadership, and obstacles to cooperation. Our results reveal that the determinants of success differ considerably among countries depending on the sector, the firm specific characteristics and funding.These differences have important implications for public policy and instruments to support R&D and innovation activities.