Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introducción: la diabetes mellitus es uno de los problemas de salud más importantes en el mundo contemporáneo y origina una enorme carga en el aspecto social y el económico y en salud. La enfermedad nodular tiroidea, definida como la presencia de un nódulo único o múltiple dentro de la glándula tiroidea, es también un problema de salud frecuente que requiere de un manejo multidisciplinario.Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes con enfermedad nodular tiroidea y diabetes mellitus de debut.Métodos: se desarrolló una investigación observacional, descriptiva, transversal, en el Hospital “Arnaldo Milián Castro” de la Provincia de Villa Clara en 32 pacientes atendidos por Especialistas en Endocrinología y seleccionados por un muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia en el período de septiembre de 2018 a diciembre de 2019.Resultados: la enfermedad nodular tiroidea fue frecuente a partir de los 50 años de edad (21 pacientes) y con mayor presencia en el sexo femenino (71,9 %). La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 fue la principal forma de debut (30 pacientes) y las causas principales de enfermedad nodular tiroidea fueron los adenomas (53,1%) y los quistes tiroideos (25%). El hipotiroidismo subclínico se identificó en siete pacientes con diabetes mellitus de debut (21,9%).Conclusiones: este estudio pone de manifiesto la coexistencia frecuente de la diabetes mellitus, la enfermedad nodular tiroidea y los estados subclínicos de hipofunción tiroidea en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

Introducción: critical or non-critically ill patients' medicine is oriented to the care of patients with acute and severe pathophysiological alterations that may compromise life and are potentially reversible.Objective: to describe the behavior of morbidity and mortality in Cuban collaborators in an Integral Diagnostic Center in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the Intensive Care and Hospitalization Wards of an Integral Diagnostic Center of the Capital District in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela from January 2019 to November 2020; the sample consisted of 282 collaborators who requested admission during that period.Results: the largest number of patients admitted to Intensive Care had a diagnosis of clinical disease -chronic decompensated arterial hypertension (21%)-, the most representative age group was 50 to 59 years old (32.17%) and male sex (65.73%), with a longer stay between four and six days (28%), 17 patients were ventilated (11.90%) and one death was reported with a diagnosis of atherothrombotic cerebral infarction. Among those admitted to hospital, surgical admissions (25.18%), age between 30 and 39 years (34.53%) and female sex (65.47%) were the most common, with a stay of between one and three days (43.17%). Arterial hypertension (34.75%) was the most relevant comorbidity, while the greatest number of admissions were of the medical occupational profile (34.75%).Conclusions: the morbidity of the collaborators was similar to that of their Venezuelan counterparts. There was only one death in the group of ventilated patients.

Introduction: chronic inflammatory periodontal disease, specifically deep periodontal disease, affects the tooth insertion structures and is characterized by bacterial exposure that can promote a destructive host response.Objective: to describe chronic inflammatory periodontal disease in pregnant women with hypertensive gravida disease.Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in "Mártires del 9 de abril" Hospital of Sagua la Grande Municipality from January to December 2019. The population consisted of pregnant women over 19 years of age (65) who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of hypertensive gravida disease, the sample consisted of 56 pregnant women. The study variables were age, clinical form of hypertensive gravida disease, periodontal status and oral hygiene.Results: among the main results obtained, it was found that there was a slight predominance of obese patients (44.6%) and periodontitis (64%), regular oral hygiene prevailed in most of the patients and preeclampsia/eclampsia was the clinical form of hypertensive gravida disease that appeared in the greatest number of pregnant women suffering from periodontitis.Conclusions: deep chronic immunoinflammatory periodontal disease had a high incidence in pregnant women with hypertensive disease.

Introduction: the process of medical care for patients with COPD exacerbation in the province of Sancti Spíritus shows deficiencies in the uniformity of the use of the clinical method in a structured way based on the diagnosis and treatment of these patients.Objective: to design a Clinical Practice Guideline for hospital emergency medical care for patients with COPD exacerbation.Methods: an investigation was carried out that corresponds to the research-development typology, multistage, with a mixed approach, in the province of Sancti Spíritus from 2017 to 2019.Results: methodological deficiencies were detected in the medical care process of patients with exacerbation of COPD. A clinical practice guideline was developed and executed that allowed the structuring of theoretical, clinical and investigative elements to evaluate this type of patients.Conclusions: the clinical practice guideline proved to be relevant, feasible and effective; it made possible an approach to patients with exacerbation of COPD and allowed raising the level of knowledge of doctors about this condition.

Introducción: la sobrexpresión de HER2 en el carcinoma mamario se asocia a una mayor actividad biológica del tumor y a un pronóstico desfavorable.Objetivo: determinar la incidencia de sobreexpresión pura del oncogén HER2/neu en carcinomas mamarios en el Hospital “Celestino Hernández” de la Provincia de Villa Clara y su relación con otras variables de valor pronóstico.Métodos: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital “Celestino Hernández” entre enero de 2017 y junio de 2019. Se incluyeron 293 mujeres con diagnóstico de carcinoma de mama infiltrante, a las biopsias se les realizó estudio inmunohistoquímico para determinar la incidencia de la sobreexpresión del oncogén HER2 y su relación con otras variables de valor pronóstico.Resultados: en la serie se encontraron 22 casos (7,5%) con sobreexpresión exclusiva del oncogén HER2/neu. De las pacientes con carcinomas con sobreexpresión de HER2 17 (77,3%) fueron mayores de 50 años, 20 (90,9%) tuvieron talla tumoral mayor de 2dos centímetros y 21 (95,45%) estuvieron asociadas al tipo histológico no especial (carcinoma ductal) del carcinoma mamario. Destaca la relación entre la sobreexpresión del oncogén HER2/neu con formas histológicas moderada y pobremente diferenciadas del carcinoma mamario. El índice de proliferación determinado por Ki67 fue mayor del 30% en 17 pacientes (77,27%).Conclusión: la edad posmenopáusica, el tipo histológico no especial, el grado histológico alto, los altos índices de Ki67 y la talla tumoral mayor de dos centímetros se asocian con frecuencia a la sobreexpresión de HER2 en carcinomas mamarios.

Introduction: Palmer's disease (or Palmer's syndrome) is poorly understood and is due to traumatic rupture of the internal collateral ligament of the knee at the femoral insertion.Objective: to present three patients suffering from Palmer's disease as a consequence of a traumatic internal collateral ligament injury of the knee at another time.Methods: study of multiple cases of patients treated by arthroscopy in the period from January 2002 to January 2020. Aspects such as age, sex, cause, time to operation and procedure performed were analyzed. The results were evaluated using the visual analog scale for pain and the Lysholm assessment scale.Results: all are young active males, two with right knee injury, two with history of sports trauma and one work-related. Pain, block, knee extension limitation and Böhler, Mc Murray and Apley maneuvers were positive in all patients. There was a significant improvement in the visual analog scale for pain and in the Lysholm scale postoperatively.Conclusions: Palmer's disease is secondary to internal collateral ligament injury that simulates an internal meniscus injury; its diagnosis and resolution are possible with arthroscopy and intensive rehabilitation.

Introducción: las complicaciones respiratorias postquirúrgicas aumentan la morbimortalidad, la estadía hospitalaria y los costes sanitarios.Objetivos: identificar la incidencia y los factores de riesgo para complicaciones respiratorias postquirúrgicas.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, analitico y de corte transversal en 1 650 pacientes en el Hospital “Celestino Hernández Robau” entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2019. Se evaluaron las variables sexo, edad, peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, tabaquismo, alcoholismo, clasificación del estado físico, tipo de anestesia, tipo de cirugía según electiva o urgente, tipo de cirugía según la localización y el tiempo quirúrgico, sonda nasogástrica, nivel de hemoglobina, albuminemia y saturación de oxígeno preoperatoria y se determinaron las complicaciones respiratorias postquirúrgicas.Resultados: el 5,15% de los pacientes presentaron complicaciones respiratorias postquirúrgicas y la frecuencia de estas complicaciones fue de 6,72%. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo la edad igual o mayor de 68 años, el tabaquismo, la clasificación del estado físico III y IV, la anestesia general endotraqueal, el tiempo quirúrgico mayor de tres horas, la cirugía urgente, abdominal alta y de cabeza y cuello, los niveles de hemoglobina menores de 10 g/l, los niveles de albúmina menores de 34 g/l, el uso de sonda nasogástrica y la saturación de oxígeno preoperatoria igual o menor a 92%. El sexo, el índice de masa corporal y el alcoholismo no se relacionaron con un aumento de complicaciones respiratorias.Conclusiones: la asociación de factores de riesgo aumentó el número de pacientes con complicaciones respiratorias postquirúrgicas.

Introduction: in the hierarchization of health problems in stomatology, chronic inflammatory periodontopathies occupy the second place among the most frequent stomatological affections, and diabetes mellitus is currently recognized as one of its risk factors.Objective: to characterize chronic inflammatory periodontal disease in diabetic patients older than 19 years belonging to the Clinic 22.12 of Sitio Grande, Cifuentes.Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted in the period between 2017 and 2019. From the total number of diabetic patients dispensed (176), a sample of 94 diabetics was selected by non-probabilistic intentional sampling by criteria. Periodontal disease, oral hygiene and different aspects of diabetes mellitus such as time of suffering, treatment and metabolic control were evaluated. The information obtained was subjected to statistical analysis and ethical principles were fulfilled.Results: female sex, the age group between 60 and 69 years and type II diabetes predominated, all diabetics presented some degree of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease with poor oral hygiene.Conclusions: type II diabetes mellitus, female sex and age group between 60 and 69 years predominated in the group studied. Periodontal disease was present in all diabetics with predominance of deep forms. Years of evolution of diabetes mellitus, poor hygiene and age were the factors most associated with chronic inflammatory periodontal disease.

Introduction: Dr. Gladys María Zuazaga Cabrera is a model of comprehensive training in Cuban and Villa Clara revolutionary medicine, she is a professional who prioritized the interests of the Homeland over personal ones and who has served it by combining what she loved with what was needed. . She achieved her greatest successes as a political and administrative leader, but she did not stop loving the clinic.Objective: to highlight the life story of the Doctor as a model of comprehensive training in Cuban and Villa Clara revolutionary medicine.Method: a bibliographic review was carried out that included books, magazines, web pages, original documents of her treated personality and personal interviews with both her and co-workers.Conclusions: Dr. Zuazaga Cabrera represents a worthy example of the generation that was born in 1959. She embraced the Revolution and demonstrated that directing her soul, the Party, and the processes that are generated in a hospital unit also fulfills the work of life.