Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Behavioral change PRECEDE-PROCEDE model, created by Lawrence Green and Marshall Kreuter in 1980, It is based on the study of sexual education needs, designing, implementation and evaluation of actions for promoting sexual and reproductive education. Objetive: To adjust the model to the demands and university context. Methods: Technological development research, based on the classic PRECEDE – PROCEDE model. Results: The PRECEDE - PROCEDE model incorporates the necessary approaches to the complexity, breadth and nuances required by the study of a transdisciplinary topic such as the promotion of sexual and reproductive health. It is a classic, dynamic, holistic, educational, multidisciplinary model that observes carefully the details and gives as a result a continuous analysis, which takes into account the determinants with a broader vision, without isolating the person from their context, with a certain point of view that considers the social complexity , according to an ecological model, is not linear, nor mechanical, but flexible and susceptible to adjustments and concomitant use of other alternatives, in search of finding the best way to solve the problem, allows the participation of those involved in all phases ; in the multidisciplinary diagnosis: social, epidemiological, behavioral and lifestyle, educational, political and administrative; in the design, implementation and evaluation of processes, results and impact. Conclusions: The PRECEDE - PROCEDE model incorporates the necessary approaches to the complexity, breadth and nuances required by the study of a transdisciplinary topic such as the promotion of sexual and reproductive health.

Introduction. Covid 19 is a disease that increases maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, during delivery care and the reception of the newborn, procedures and protocols that reduce the transmission of this pathology must be guaranteed. Objective. Determine the appropriate strategies and safety to reduce the risk of contagion during the care of delivery and reception of the newborn to health personnel as well as to the newborn. Methodology. A clinical question has been used to search for information under the PICO format. They have been reviewed in virtual scientific libraries such as ACCESSSS, Cochrane, EBSCO, Pub Med, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as scientific information search engines such as Google Scholar, UptoDate, DynaMed, to find the best scientific evidence on delivery and newborn reception care in patients with Covid 19. Results. 38 scientific articles have been found that meet all the proposed criteria. Discussion. During pregnancy, women go through a series of physiological and immunological changes that can aggravate the clinical picture in patients with COVID 19, the delivery care and the reception of the newborn must be carried out in a safe way that guarantees the lowest risk of transmission to the neonate as well as to health personnel. Conclusions. The use of protocols for delivery care and reception of the newborn is a strategy that reduces contagion and guarantees safe care during delivery.

Introducción: Helicobacter pylori es una bacteria relacionada con el desarrollo de enfermedades gastroduodenales de alta prevalencia mundial, por lo que es importante un diagnóstico oportuno y un tratamiento eficaz. Objetivo: Proporcionar información actual y concisa al personal de salud sobre los métodos diagnósticos y manejo terapéutico de esta patología, con el fin de mejorar su práctica médica. Métodos: La presente investigación corresponde a una revisión bibliográfica de tipo narrativa, desarrollándose una búsqueda bibliográfica con las palabras: “Helicobacter pylori, Diagnóstico/métodos, Terapéutica”. Las bases de datos utilizadas para la búsqueda fueron: PubMed, Scielo, Medigraphic, Science Direct, entre otras. Resultados: Se identificaron 68 investigaciones de artículos originales y revisiones bibliográficas, donde 40 cumplieron con los criterios para ser incluidos en la investigación. Discusión: Para el diagnóstico existen métodos invasivos, destacándose la histopatología y el cultivo, mientras que los no invasivos comprenden la detección de antígenos en heces y la prueba de aliento con urea como las más usadas y accesibles. Dentro del tratamiento se describen esquemas de primera, segunda y tercera línea, y actualmente se encuentran en investigación otras alternativas al tratamiento convencional. Conclusión: Los métodos no invasivos como la prueba de aliento con urea y la detección de antígeno en heces poseen una sensibilidad muy elevada, siendo esta última la que se emplea en mayor medida por su disponibilidad y accesibilidad. En la terapéutica actual, el esquema cuádruple con metronidazol y tetraciclina, muestra gran eficacia con curaciones permanentes.

Introducción: las altas tasas de embarazo adolescente y las consecuencias bio-psico-sociales, generaron el interés para abordar el tema mediante la investigación científica. Objetivo: determinar las dimensiones bio-psico-sociales en un grupo de adolescentes en situación de embarazo en las áreas de intervención del Proyecto “CERCA”, Cuenca 2014. Métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de alcance cuantitativo. Resultados: El embarazo adolescente representó el 9.8%. El 40% de hombres y 18.5% de mujeres inició relaciones coitales antes de los 12 años (P=0.001). Antes de los 15 años, el 14. 8% de mujeres se embarazó y el 22.7% de hombres había embarazo. Los hombres indicaron ser una buena persona (P = 0.010) y las mujeres no ser una persona fracasada (P = 0.015). Las mujeres indicaron que ambos tomaron la iniciativa para mantener relaciones coitales (P = 0.010) y los hombres que la relación ocurrió en determinado momento (P =0.101). Ambos grupos indicaron no sentir presión para tener relaciones coitales (P =0.001) y utilizaron preservativo. Los varones tuvieron de 2 a 3 compañeras sexuales (P = 0.001). Se reportó antecedente de embarazo adolescente en hermanos y madre. Conclusión: Los temas de salud sexual y reproductiva deben ser abordados desde edades tempranas con énfasis en la prevención del embarazo adolescente, en el inicio de relaciones coitales y en el número de compañeros sexuales. Reforzar la autoestima como factor protector. Es importante la anticoncepción. Se necesita la participación de los adolescentes en temas de salud sexual y reproductiva.

Introducción. La adolescencia es la etapa de vida que comprende entre los 10 a 19 años y el embarazo a esta edad es de mayor riesgo que la población general. Objetivo. Determinar los riesgos y complicaciones que pueden presentarse a consecuencia del embarazo en la adolescencia. Metodología. La información que se ha obtenido en la investigación se ha realizado utilizando una pregunta clínica con el formato PICO además se revisó bibliotecas virtuales como, Pub Med, EBSCO, ACCESSSS, Cochrane, además de buscadores de información científica como DynaMed, UptoDate, Google Schoolar, para encontrar la información científica sobre atención del embarazo en la adolescencia. Resultados. Se han encontrado 45 artículos que cumplen con todos los criterios de inclusión analizados. Discusión. La adolescencia es una etapa en la cual existe cierto grado de inmadurez fisiológica y anatómica que puede predisponer a complicaciones que pudieran presentarse durante el embarazo. Conclusiones. El control prenatal adecuado y el asesoramiento correspondiente pueden llevar a disminuir el riesgo de complicaciones que pueden presentarse durante el embarazo en la adolescencia.

Introduction: The consumption of probiotics and prebiotics helps with the regulation of the immune system by restoring the gastrointestinal balance. Consequently, the body has a better immune response against COVID-19. Objective:  To perform a review of scientific evidence regarding the role of certain probiotic strains, and prebiotic consumption in the management and treatment of COVID-19. Methodology:  A narrative review of case studies, systematic reviews, original articles, and retrospective studies was conducted through the digital databases of PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Elsevier and Google Scholar, using the keywords "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "coronavirus", "microbiome", "probiotics" and "prebiotics". Results: Forty-eight articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria defined in the methodology, with information of interest for the study. Discussion: Individuals with an altered microbiota are more prone to COVID-19 infection, therefore, probiotic supplementation improves the ability of the gastrointestinal microbiota to modulate immune activity. It has also been demonstrated that patients who have a diet rich in prebiotics present a lower risk for COVID-19 complications and have a better recovery. Conclusion: The administration of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, mainly, linked to the consumption of prebiotics and a diet rich in fiber, has shown promising results regarding the management of gut dysbiosis induced by SARS-CoV-2, and the regulation of the immune system.

Introduction. Anaphylaxis is a severe and life-threatening allergic reaction that can cause multi-organ failure and even death. Objectives. Determine the best and most up-to-date management of anaphylaxis in pediatrics. Methodology. In the search for information, the most relevant information with the best scientific support was used in an orderly manner, using the PICO format as a clinical question, and scientific virtual libraries such as: Pub Med, ACCESSSS, Medline, EBSCO and Cochrane were consulted. In addition, scientific information search engines such as UptoDate and DynaMed, on the management of anaphylaxis in pediatrics. Results. 54 scientific articles were found and after analyzing them, 49 were chosen that meet the criteria set forth for this work. Discussion. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening disorder triggered by a severe allergic reaction. Epinephrine administered intramuscularly is the first line and most effective treatment in the management of this pathology. Conclusions. Early recognition of clinical symptoms is essential for the immediate start of treatment, delaying treatment increases morbidity and mortality due to anaphylaxis and timely treatment of anaphylaxis in pediatrics reduce the probable complications that may occur.

Introduction: Food security allows food in adequate quality and quantity to ensure good nutrition, leads to optimal growth of children, improve school and intellectual performance and the productive capacity of the population, however, food consumption has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: "Identify the state of food security in households in different provinces of the country at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing the availability, accessibility and consumption of food." Methodology: 931 families in the country are investigated, obtained through a non-probabilistic convenience sampling, it is a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study. Results: Most of the participants are from the mountains, they are women and with an integration of 3 to 4 family members. 61% of families buy their food, although 30% grow it, most maintain a regular availability of food, with cereals and tubers being the most purchased daily and reaching approximately 50% of purchase with high quality proteins biological and 67% protein of plant origin, its physical and economic access capacity is limited for 39% of families, this reality remains to this day. 85% of families maintain biosafety standards for food, through the hygiene of covers and containers. Conclusion: 20% of the families registered people who were hungry and 23% of the lower food consumption is due to the presence of COVID-19 ((P≤.01).

Introduction: In childhood, a balanced diet is a guarantee of an adequate state of health and nutrition linked to social, emotional and productive stability acquired through eating habits and healthy lifestyles. Objective: To determine eating habits and their relationship with Nutritional Status and Dyslipidemia in children aged 6 to 11 years who attend the SABIE Medical Center in the city of Riobamba. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive, prospective study applied to 100 children who were registered and assessed, considering anthropometric indicators such as height/age, weight/age, weight and BMI/age; In addition, biochemical tests were carried out to determine the presence of Dyslipidemias and finally the Krece Plus Test was applied to determine eating habits. With the data obtained, the significant relationship between the variables was verified using the non-parametric Chi Square test with a significance value of P<0.005. Results: The results obtained indicate that there are significant relationships between the anthropometric data of the target group and the presence of Dyslipidemia with eating habits. Conclusion: Inadequate eating habits had a significant impact on overweight and obesity trends; as well as the presence of dyslipidemia considered relevant biochemical indicator HDL and LDL in the intervention group.

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