Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The present paper carried out a financial analysis that allows establishing the economic feasibility of implementing electric buses for urban service in the city of Cuenca, which circulate through urban routes that connect the main university campuses of the city, which is located at 2 560 meters above sea level and has an urban population of 329 928 inhabitants; for this purpose, five urban routes were established that allow the connection between the universities, proposing routes with lengths of 14 to 34 km, with a duration of 30 minutes to one hour and fifteen minutes, considering the mobilization of 40 000 students. The costs of analysis include income, which implies the value of the ticket and mobile advertising, on the other hand, there are the expenses, such as the acquisition of the unit, maintenance and spare parts, financing and operating expenses; once the values are determined, net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) conditions are applied. As a result, lower and negative values are obtained, resulting in an unprofitable project, and this is due to the $ 0.31 ticket value; as a conclusion and in order for the project to be profitable, a 61 to 83 % increase in the ticket is considered.

The administrative models of public management, based on the historical context in which they have been implemented, largely establish the different relationships between the State, Public Administration and society; which constitutes a complex phenomenon to investigate. For this reason, the objective of this work is to analyze the new public management for the optimization of resources through public contracting, which will be contrasted after a specific documentary review, in such a way that similarities and differences between said models can be established, which constitute the object of study. The research seeks to identify variables that help identify the problems of public management in Ecuador, through the compilation of the SAP Business Explorer platform, which allows exploring corporate information quickly and directly; and, later, a case is shown to publicize the application of what is described in the methodology. Finally, it is important to analyze public contracting, which allows the optimization of resources, thus leaving latent academic discussion about what would be the long-awaited ideal model, which above all else allows reducing the asymmetry of social classes.

Searching for success is a constant in people, who require key guidelines to achieve it. However, this search is usually based on purely material aspirations, such as: money, goods, academic titles or nobility, which distorts the true sense of what it is to achieve success, which must be leveraged more than anything in intangible aspects and that will make the individual reach a more subjective but rewarding dimension. Based on these reflections, this article offers six lessons that can be of added value in the pursuit of long-awaited success.

This research develops the best approximation for the non-linear projection of sales of a shrimp company listed on the Stock Exchange, in contrast to published corporate linear estimates. It starts from the search for data through a SWOT of the variable of interest: average price of Ecuadorian shrimp, identifying the variables: explanatory of shrimp prices in the United States, the observed change of the dollar against the yuan, Ecuadorian exports, US imports of Indian shrimp, barrel of WTI crude oil and the FPI™ salmon price index, as the most influential interpreted by the result of an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.807. The instrumentation of the econometric model evaluates the statistical indicators of three predictive supervised learning linear regression algorithms in the Python programming language, with Ridge being the model with the lowest mean square error equal to 0.274. Based on five-year assumptions with Ridge, sales are forecast from 2021 to 2025, correlating the variables historical revenue of the shrimp company versus the average price of shrimp through polynomial interpolation, comparing both resulting trend lines showing that the expected revenues maintain a behavior non-linear according to its historical performance.

The pre-investment phase constitutes the information base of any project. Given the influence of this phase on the execution and subsequent exploitation of the investment, as well as its complex, iterative and dynamic nature, the deployment of the process approach is convenient in order to satisfy the relevant stakeholders. However, in the consulted literature there is no evidence of a detailed analysis of the structure of this phase as a process, and from the methodological point of view, insufficiencies in the evaluation and improvement of quality are identified, an aspect that limits its orientation towards the satisfaction of the parties. relevant stakeholders, which constitutes the problem to be solved in this investigation. The objective is focused on defining the configuration of the pre-investment phase as a process, based on the identification of its inputs, transformations, outputs, as well as the sub-processes that comprise it and the interrelationships between them. As a result, a methodology is presented that manages to operationalize the evaluation and improvement of the quality of the process and is composed of three stages and nine steps that contain three specific procedures, with the use of various tools, quality indices, the specific map and the process sheets.

Environmental management practices can be limited in small and medium-sized organizations, due to restrictions on access to capital, lack of training, and poor motivation of decision makers due to incorrect assimilation of the message or short-term urgencies. The objective was to study the perceptions, attitudes, and environmental practices of SME decision-makers, with respect to the perception of the problem, the influence of the media, the incentive architecture and the long-term effect. Using a descriptive and correlational approach, decision-makers and owners of Argentine SMEs were surveyed on organizational factors, decision-making practices and behaviors around climate change. The results showed that there is greater implementation of environmental practices when organizations are regulated by government policies and when there are market requirements. The enabling factors were networking and long-term planning. Management implications include the need for an incentive architecture that models the behavior of decision makers and reduces the asymmetry generated by the long-term effect to increase the implementation of policies and promote the learning curve in the different sectors.

     Hamstring injuries (LI) are common in sports that involve high-speed efforts. It has been postulated that eccentric training (EE) could be useful to prevent these injuries but there are discrepancies in the studies conducted so far. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was conducted to determine the effectiveness of EE to prevent LI in soccer players. Of 39 records, 5 were included in the final analysis. The risk of bias of these was medium or low. In four of five studies, a reduction in the incidence of LI was demonstrated. By meta-analysis, the risk ratio for LI was 0.43 [0.24-0.76; p = 0.002]. In conclusion, the use of EE during the preseason decreases the risk of LI in both amateur and professional football players by 57%.

Depositarios de confianza, discreción e información, los escribanos hispanoamericanos gozaron de una primerísima posición en los entramados relacionales de la comarca en la cual desempeñaron la profesión. En estas sociedades de Antiguo Régimen las personas tendieron a dejar constancia escrita prácticamente de todos sus actos, desde los más trascendentales, hasta los más cotidianos, el acervo notarial fue testigo y resguardó por siglos una diversidad de hechos y contratos. Ni el carácter y formas del aparato administrativo monárquico ni las prácticas de sociabilidad pueden entenderse sin pensar en las implicaciones de la cultura escrita. Los escribanos, como agentes representantes de la Monarquía, desempeñaron un rol activo en la configuración de negocios que ante ellos pasaban, no sólo al otorgarle el aval legal, sino también como intermediarios entre las partes. El artículo ofrece una aproximación aquel universo de escribanos intervinientes en la formalización de compromisos crediticios en Salta (1777 – 1809). Se identifica el perfil de los notarios más dinámicos, la distribución de negocios y clientelas entre dichas escribanías y el comportamiento de los otorgantes. El relevamiento de un diverso cuerpo documental, resguardado en archivos locales, nacionales e internacionales, junto, al estudio prosopográfico, el análisis de redes sociales y la reflexión historiográfica, ofrecen un conocimiento más completo sobre este cuerpo de profesionales en los confines del mundo hispánico.

Los comerciantes extranjeros estaban legalmente excluidos del comercio hispano-americano. No obstante, su presencia y actividad fue tolerada largamente por las oligarquías coloniales y por la administración colonial en Indias. El camino predilecto para evitar una posible expulsión fue la integración local vía el matrimonio. En algunos casos los comerciantes casados con españolas pudieron formalizar su integración cuando obtenían una carta de naturaleza. Este artículo presenta con el instrumento jurídico de la apelación otro mecanismo que fue practicado por extranjeros para evitar una orden de expulsión. Se analizan cuatro casos de comerciantes, activos en Chile (Juan Albano Pereira), Lima (Joseph Valois), Habana (Felipe Allwood) y Buenos Aires (Joaquín Dacosta Bastos) que muestran como finalmente las apelaciones fueron controladas por los gobernadores y virreyes. Este instrumento les permitía adaptar las leyes restrictivas para tolerar de facto a aquellos comerciantes cuya presencia por su visibilidad no se podía disimular, y tampoco se podía tolerar de iure porque eran extranjeros y no casados con españolas.