Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The free zones constitute the most human capital. However, this fact does  not avoid the heterogeneity that in the services sector can coexist with asymmetric dynamics, dissimilar remuneration levels and different added values between job positions. This article intended to prove if there is a link between the wage and the type of knowledge required to labor for four conglomerates of the service sector from the perspective of occupation clusters: dynamic area of the Costa Rican economy with production, employment, and wages growth rates over the national media. At the same time, the services sector comprises the productive activities of higher added value since much of their operations are associated with knowledge-intensive processes and high-rating Information Technology (IT), logistics, contact center, and shared service/back office. Through a parametric test of difference in mean and an analysis of variance between the media of these conglomerates, it’s found conclusive evidence that the services associated with technologies of information, characterized for an intensive level of knowledge, enjoy a wage premium. These conditions denote the importance of developing associated knowledge with these production processes.

This article analyzes the innovation processes in the agricultural sector, using comparisons with the manufacturing sector and the service sector, on relevant issues. The study problem was defined based on the following question: what are the main characteristics of the innovation processes in the agricultural sector of Costa Rica? The information comes from indicators generated in different innovation surveys in the country, with emphasis on the last one that was carried out in 2019. These surveys are drawn up from a simple random sampling methodology, which was carried out by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), based on the directory of establishments in the different sectors. One of the findings is that there are few companies in the sector with significant innovations, but in general, those that have promoted innovations achieve positive impacts in various aspects of performance. It is also concluded that although there are policies to promote innovation in the sector, the scope has been very limited, since a series of barriers persist limiting the processes to achieve innovation. Some of the barriers identified have to do with deficiencies in the financial sector, but others are related to limitations in the type of interactions with different actors in the system.

Currently, the global economic context is complex. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic began, which generated effects on both health and economic systems. Since February 2022, Russia's invasion of Ukraine started, which has resulted in high levels of inflation and high energy uncertainty. As a result of these events and others, in the eight months that have elapsed in 2022 there has been a distortion of economic and social conditions at the international level, and Costa Rica is no exception. Therefore, in order to know the employment situation of Costa Ricans, in this article an analysis of the labor market was carried out for the II quarter of the year 2022, based on the results of the Continuous Employment Survey (ECE) of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC). According to the figures, and according to the results of the analysis, the country has presented an improvement in terms of employment; however, there is still a long way to go to recovery, which is made difficult by the great international uncertainty.

The measurement of development and well-being is central to implement public policy. Appropriate measures must be necessary for the space in which it required to influence, and culminative and cumulative results is preferable. Nowadays, different indicators and metrics are developing, so navigating the field can be difficult without an idea of the big picture. The objective of this article is to make a brief review of the current state of affairs on the discussion of welfare measures. Considering objective and subjective orientations, the approach of resources, quality of life, subjective well-being is presented, as well as sustainability, which is a cross-cutting theme to all of them. Its main characteristics, advantages, and shortcomings are also shown, as well as possible relations and interactions between them. We conclude that appropriate metrics must be selected for a scientific and responsible implementation of public policy, those representative for the initial conditions and the incidence, as a synthesis between concreteness and representativeness.

Climate change has been a pertinent issue in recent decades since countries have become aware of the damage their industries cause to the environment. Due to this process of environmental awareness, international conferences and meetings have emerged aiming to be pioneers in policies formulation aligned with sustainable development, such as the Conference of the Parties (COP). This research aims to ponder on the role of the COP in international environmental policy, accumulated debts with the environment and the challenges in global governance to ensure that countries comply with their environmental commitments. This research demonstrates that, over the years, the agreements in the COP have had implementation problems by its members leading to an accumulation of debts with the environment and weakness in the governance capacity of the COP.

Reseña de:Estridentópolis y la vanguardia. Ángel José Fernández y Estela Castillo Hernández, eds. Biblioteca. Xalapa: Universidad Veracruzana, 2020, 298 pp. ISBN: 978-607-5028-903.

Translation History Studies is a growing field. By focusing on translations of poetry in cultural periodicals from the 1950s to the 1970s, this article shows some methodological orientations for its development in Mexico. While index and database construction efforts are reaffirmed in this article as a fundamental trust-based approach, a complementary option is also explored: the possibilities of cartographic visualization. Thus, the feasibility of adapting Anthony Pym’s historical methodology, as well as his pre-eminent interest in the lives of translators, to the context of Mexican research is discussed. This implies the finding of certain commonalities that reconcile Pym’s proposals with some important referents of literary geography as a methodological framework.

Este artículo estudia la relevancia de un hecho en el que, hasta el momento, no había reparado la historia de la medicina, la historia del libro ni la filología: el Tratado breve de cirugía (1579) y el Tratado breve de medicina (1592) traducen y adaptan parte del contenido anatómico y quirúrgico que escribió Juan de Vigo en su Practica in arte chirurgica copiosa (1514). La propuesta es que este hecho no resta originalidad a los dos tratados del médico agustino fray Agustín Farfán, señalando que el tratamiento de la obra del médico del papa Julio II –además de otros factores más allá del texto– influyó en el desequilibrio editorial existente entre los dos tratados. Se concluye con una posible justificación del porqué el último tratado (1592) sería reeditado en 1610, ya bajo el beneficio de la Orden de San Agustín; determinamos una respuesta que atiende a cuestiones políticas, propias de una orden religiosa mendicante que fue de las primeras en convertirse en una institución criolla.

This article studies the various expressions of the feast in Renaissance and Baroque Valencia. It is based on different sources, such as the city’s dietaries. It provides first-hand information about the day to day of this place (weddings, births, official entries by authorities, processions, burials), and it also offers a greater understanding of the many dimensions (social, political, symbolic, literary) of the feast in Early Modern Valencia. The study is complemented with contemporary literary texts, such as El cortesano (1561) by Luis Milà and the Dialogues (1538) by Juan Luis Vives, which show a rich and plural view of some cultural practices of the 16th and 17th centuries.

Reseña de:Circunnavegar el texto. Los índices en la Edad Moderna. Maria Gioia Tavoni. Trad. de Noelia López Souto. Asturias, España: Trea Ediciones, 2020, 327 pp. ISBN: 978-84-17987-99-2.