Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

With the arrival of the pandemic, current university students thirst for knowledge and to enhance their soft and hard skills in the middle of distance and / or virtual education, where the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), learning and knowledge technologies (LKT), technologies for empowerment and participation (TEP) are pressing, it means, ludic didactics, now gamified. The teaching duty entailed a decisive adaptation process for the development of its work as a promoter of knowledge. The student-teacher virtual experience and vice versa during the first semester 2021 in General Ecology aimed to know protected areas of our country and present an initiative from their acquired or created knowledge to help others in the generation of new learning. The virtual practice demonstrated the students ability to take responsibility for what they want to learn by doing, without the need for the teacher to master the same technological tools; that teacher performance will continue to be constantly evaluated by their students to fit their current needs. The teacher in the face-to-face or virtual classroom is the main motivator when it comes to hard skills, without detriment to soft skills.

Rubber is a material used in different applications due to its mechanical properties, particularly its elastic properties. The elaboration of products based on recycled rubber represents an alternative to reduce this contamination. In this work, methods for the manufacture of test specimens based on recycled rubber granules (RGR) and four selected commercial binders are presented. Using international standards, compression tests were carried out on two types of selected specimens, which yielded maximum compression values of 371 psi. The values obtained are considered a significant load bearing level, even comparable with values of materials with similar characteristics in the industry.

The benefits in the thermal insulation of a house or building are mainly reflected in energy savings, thermal comfort, in the reduction of environmental pollution and the greenhouse effect. It is considered that the thermal insulation properties possessed by the construction materials of a residence can improve its energy efficiency and likewise the quality of life of the people who reside in it. This project was carried out with the objective of testing how the thermal insulation property of the mortar-water mixture improves with the addition of disposable materials, sawdust and expanded polystyrene. For the tests, test molds containing the mixture of the mortar and the recycled material were made. These molds were studied using Fourier's law of heat transfer by conduction. The thermal insulation capacity of the molds with waste materials showed a percentage improvement with respect to the simple mixture of mortar and water, concluding that the use of these materials contributes to the environment, allowing for recycling, as well as the use of waste generated in small and medium-sized companies, reusing waste that is considered waste.

The success in the management of solid waste is based on knowing the characteristics of its generation. In the year 2020, the phenomenon of the COVID-19 pandemic occurred and so far, no studies have been found on the characterization of domestic solid waste in Panama. The objectives of this research are to carry out a characterization of solid waste on a small scale, to understand how much the per capita production of garbage changes in times of pandemic. Also, to develop two types of compost that will improve home gardens and recycled products that will support the family economy. The methodology used was the analysis of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of solid waste. Similarly, was carried out the production of compost, which improved the yield of some crops, and recyclable materials that can be used at home and for sale. A preliminary PPC value of 0.667 kg/hab/day was obtained. This value is 0.7% higher than the figure presented in the National Integrated Waste Management Plan 2017-2027 conducted by INECO for Panama. This study shows a simple methodological model to apply at the household level. It is recommended to continue this study with a sample of households with different sources of income.

The reduction of working hours and the adaptation of the same seek to achieve the right to conciliation of each individual, of each worker, moving towards co-responsibility as the final objective that leads to sharing care tasks between men and women. The new labor and social reality as a consequence of the health crisis caused by the global pandemic by COVID-19,with the implementation of teleworking, information and communication Technology´s (ICTs) and the digitization of the economy, has highlighted the necessary reinvention and readaptation of the legal framework to these “anomalous” circumstances, precipitating true legislative innovations, as has happened with the publication of Royal Decree-Law 8/2020, of March 17, of extraordinary urgent measures to face the economic and social impact of COVID-19, in the one that regulates the MECUIDA Plan (article 6) and the subsequent extension of the measures for the adaptation of the schedule and reduction of the working day of the third additional provision of Royal Decree-Law 2/2021, of January 26 and in the sixth additional provision of Royel Decree-Law 11/2021, of May 27, on urgent measures for the defense of employment, economic reactivation, and the protection of self-employed workers.

Este artículo reseña: Yolanda Maneiro Vázquez. La discriminación por asociación: desafíos sustantivos y procesales. Aranzadi, Pamplona (Navarra), 2021, 224 páginas.

 The article studies women´s work in the funeral jobs in Spain. We analyze the “formal” incorporation women into the professions linked to the death. Due to the lack of statistical data on funeral jobs before the 2000s, the research has focused from the beginning of the new millennium to the present. We used a quantitative methodology: through the collection, exploitation and analysis of data from the still scarce statistical sources available on these jobs. All this has been analysed from a gender perspective. The study reveals, on the one hand, that despite the growing incorporation of women into funeral jobs, although more as demanders than as employed, it is a masculinized sector. On the other hand, the existence of a doublé occupational segregation in funeral jobs in general and in the funeral sector in particular, where women constitutes themselves as a minority in highly masculinized occupations (horizontal segregation) and are concentrated occupying certain labor categories (vertical segregation).

This study tackle the analysis of judgments dictated in application of the principle of equal treatment and nondiscrimination by the Constitutional Court of Justice of Spain during the year 2021 (Pandemic year 2). The article will focus in the study of the most notable sentences in this terrain that has produced the Constitutional Court during the year 2021.