Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

For the enactment of the Law on retirement of telecommunications workers, it was considered that technicians working in the telecommunications area are prone to suffer from occupational diseases, which will limit or make it impossible for them to carry out technical activities for which they were hired, even definitively. This article focuses its analysis on the special retirement process of workers in the telecommunications sector, who work in the company CNT of Ecuador and the application of the regulations that govern it. For this purpose, the retirement regulations in their relevant part establish the technical positions that may access special retirement or early retirement as it is known internationally. Retirement that must be granted by the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS).  For the development of legal research, the qualitative method was used, both of the national regulations, and of the positions that have historically been modified in their denomination, without implying alteration or reduction of their technical functions, as a result of the continuous changes of corporate name and implementation of organizational restructuring processes of telecommunications companies in the private sector and in the specific case of the National Telecommunications Corporation (Public Company). Allowing in this way to analyze all the historical, doctrinal and procedural aspects of this type of special retirement, and how the change of name of the technical positions, affects the normal development of the retirement process for workers in this important labor sector.

An article template and instructions on the editorial process and the text, figure and references format are provided. This article is aimed at developing a cost management model for the construction of single-family homes, which is an imperative need for the efficient execution and optimization of resources in a construction because the tools traditionally used provide a calculation little approximate of the expenses and due to its structure, it is not possible to consider the unforeseen events that could occur. It is because of this problem that it is proposed to design a management model that seeks to optimize compliance with deadlines and costs in the construction of single-family homes. In this research, a methodology supported in the first place in field research through an interview was used, which allows visualizing the problems related to time and costs in the construction phase; and it has a bibliographic element because it is necessary to define the theoretical foundations about costs based on activities. The experience of the builders has been used as a source, in addition to relevant bibliographic information on the subject, obtaining because of this research a system of processes for the application of costs based on activities, in the construction of single-family homes, which allows optimizing the compliance with deadlines and costs in the construction of single-family homes. 

This article entitled "Protection of the right to disconnection from work in Ecuador during the COVID-19 Pandemic", sought to analyze how the Ecuadorian legal system guarantees the teleworking public servant compliance with the right to disconnection. At first glance, it can be inferred that due to the excessive use of new information and communication technologies (ICT) during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, employers have had a lot of interference in the private lives of their workers. This has led to alterations in family and social relationships, since in most cases teleworkers do not have the recovery and rest times to which they are entitled. Therefore, the development of this research is of great importance in which a current and relevant topic in the labor legal field is analyzed. The main points of analysis were: 1- Origin and evolution of the work; 2- Concept of teleworking; 3-Elements of teleworking; 4- Teleworking in Ecuadorian legislation; 5- The maximum working day; 6- Right to disconnect and 7. Right to disconnect from work around the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador. The methodology used was qualitative, which allowed, through the bibliographic review and observation, to capture the essential qualities and characteristics of the phenomenon for a better understanding of the subject.

This article presents a statistical and documentary analysis based on data published by INEC in relation to the measures issued by the Presidency of the Republic to prevent the increase of the pandemic. The objective was to analyze the incidence of Covid-19 in the credit portfolio of BanEcuador in the Jipijapa canton, Manabí province. A bibliographic review was made on the impact of the pandemic on the non-performing loan portfolio in order to synthesize the causes of the credit delinquency in which some clients of the entity have fallen. The approach is quantitative, with a descriptive non-experimental level. Among the techniques are a survey of the bank's manager and the execution of parametric normality tests such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro Wilk, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests. After demonstrating the normality of the variables, the T-test for equality of independent means and the Mann-Whitney U-test were performed. It is concluded that the Covid-19 health crisis affected the country's banking sector, a fact that was reflected in the financial indicators of the BanEcuador Jipijapa branch.

The great variety of instruments in the evaluation of social responsibility invites us to carry out an in-depth analysis about which instrument and process should be applied; It is convenient to propose and validate an instrument that adjusts to the approach proposed in the investigation of social responsibility in an educational context, of children and preadolescents. The purposes of this study are: 1) to design a pertinent and practical instrument to evaluate social responsibility in preadolescents, within the framework of socioformation; 2) carry out the content validation of the instrument with a group of judges, to determine its degree of relevance and theoretical coherence; and 3) determine the relevance and understanding of the questions through a pilot group. Methodology: An instrumental study of validity and reliability of an instrument to evaluate Social Responsibility in preadolescents in Basic Education was carried out. Results: The instrument presented adequate levels of content validity from the application in 10 judges (Aiken's V ≥0.7); 2) the exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis showed 5 indices (KMO = 0.717; Sig. = 0.000; CMIN/DF = 2.263; CFI = 1.000; and, RMSEA = 0.000) that are within the expected values to validate the theoretical proposal of the instrument and its design. Conclusions: The instrument shows construct and construct validity.

The approval process implemented in Ecuador as a mechanism to terminate the emplomen relationship causes a series of economic, labor and social inconveniences for the worker and employer. Resolutions have been issued by the labor inspectorate in which its decision is not adequately motivated, apparently maintaining an adequate structure, however, they leave aside the correct analysis of the elements provided at the hearing. There is an incorrect subsumption of the evidentiary contributions in the objective norm, which implies a lack of motivation in the approval resolutions. In this scientific article, we will use the qualitative method, for which we will review thirty resolutions of approval issued by the labor inspectors of Pichincha, we will analyze if they were adequately motivated. The changes introduced as of 2021 in the procedure for its treatment have not made possible an effective change for the respect of the rights of workers and employers.  

Analyzing the constitutional political system allows identifying the types of democracy that were incorporated into the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador. Many times these are not explicitly stated in the constitutional precepts, but are inferred from the restrictive or expansive interpretation of the norm.  The purpose of this article is to identify in the constitutional text the modalities of manifestation of democracy in Ecuador, externalized in the various functions of the State and to analyze whether the expressions of public function effectively protect constitutional rights and guarantees.  The research follows a methodology of qualitative approach, documentary type for its sources, descriptive for its scope and non-experimental design, which showed as a result that the applicable democracy in Ecuador is of a representative, delegative, constitutional and procedural type that allows effectively the defense and guarantee of the fundamental rights established in the Magna Carta.       

At the present time, the pandemic caused by Covid-19 has disrupted different moments in daily actions, from health, consumption, production, tourism, among others, thus causing slowdowns in the economy at a macro level, for what must be formulated solutions in the medium and long term in order to avoid permanent recessions. Public policies are considered as the key instrument that contains actions to solve problems in a society, so it is essential, under this aspect, to define key guidelines of public policies that promote economic reactivation, in this case, in the La Libertad. The methodology applied was descriptive and correlational analysis. The survey technique was applied to better define the dimensions in a statistically validated instrument. The reference sample was the formal merchants registered by the municipality in the period 2022. The main result was the direct relationship between the public policy variables and economic reactivation, which allowed statistically validating the generation of guidelines that stimulate the economy from the canton merchants. 

This article aims to apply the different technological tools through various applications to improve and develop comprehensive reading in children in the seventh year of Intercultural Bilingual Education. This research was carried out in an experimental, mixed type that used the observation sheet for students to determine the importance of applying the Liveworksheets platform in the development of comprehensive reading in order to motivate and practice the reading habitat in the educational institution. both in the family. In this way, it is identified the students are interested in developing reading using this platform. Therefore, these resources are essential for teachers as well as students because they allow to dynamize the learning process, facilitating the work for teachers as well as for students because it helps to avoid using many printed texts since they are applied in digital files. For which teachers must propose new methodological strategies in the use of different technological resources and be predisposed in the application.

The adoption of experiences in marketing is a trend that has noticeably grown in recent years through Consumer Experience Management (CEM), although not for the homeopathic medicine sector. This article analyzes the different existing literature on marketing innovation and its transition to experiential marketing. In context with the sector under study, there is evidence of the benefits and virtues of homeopathic medicine, including successful treatments of cases discarded by traditional medicine; however, the limitation for its development in the province of El Oro is that this sector lacks a proposal to develop effective marketing based on the management of experiences, therefore, the findings in this research have allowed us to identify the tools of the CEM and the main approaches that should be taken to adopt in homeopathic pharmaceuticals, detailed in a process which consists of two phases.