Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Orthognathic surgery is a surgical procedure that seeks balance in all facial features, correcting maxillo-dental deformities, while orthodontic camouflage is an alternative that consists of making a dento-skeletal anomaly less evident through dentoalveolar movements of class II division 1 malocclusion; these procedures manage to produce changes in the patient's teeth and profile. The present study aims to analyze the current literature regarding the responses of the soft and hard tissues depending on the therapy received by the patient. In the results based on literature reviews that have been published in the last 5 years in PubMed, Medline, Lilacs and Scielo platforms, report an evident prevalence of this malocclusion, suggesting compensation treatment as an option when there are mild to moderate anteroposterior skeletal discrepancies with acceptable vertical facial proportions and no transverse skeletal problems. Whereas, in severe cases, the procedure should be orthodontic surgery to obtain ideal results. As a conclusive argument it is established that orthosurgical treatment is the best option. Nevertheless, there is the alternative of masking with extractions of premolars, second molars, the use of mini-implants and maintaining the skeletal discrepancy.

Friction in orthodontics is due to the contact between the archwire, ligature method and the bracket, friction reduces the force applied for dental movements so it is necessary to apply more force to produce dental movement, in relation to the method of ligature used for sliding there are different mechanics for space closure, One of them is by making loops to produce space closure with minimal friction known as non-sliding mechanics and sliding mechanics in which the brackets slide through the arch through the use of springs or chains generating greater friction, which is why self-ligating brackets are introduced, because they have better advantages compared to conventional brackets, with less friction, less working time, alignment efficiency, among others. Objective: To analyze the current literature on the friction of self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets in space closure. Methodology: A search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and regional VHL. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 26 studies were obtained that met the parameters established for the present review. Conclusion: There is no difference in the friction of self-ligating brackets in comparison with conventional brackets in space closure; however, there are other variables that show differences between self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets in relation to treatment time and anchorage loss.

An impacted tooth is one that does not erupt into the dental arch in the desired time, so a timely and effective diagnosis is necessary in order to determine the appropriate therapy to be carried out. The objective is to analyze the existing publications on the interceptive therapeutic procedures recommended to avoid canine impaction. Articles were analyzed and obtained from four digital databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Bvs, the keywords were selected from "Mesh" using the Boolean operator AND, Orthodontics, Interceptive, Tooth, Impacted, Cuspid, Maxilla. Inclusion criteria were: clinical case reports, case-control studies, randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, articles published in the last 5 years, in English and Spanish, articles published until January 2022 and open access. The literature evaluated the effectiveness of interceptive treatment of impacted canines and it was determined that there is a high eruption rate in cases in which extractions of primary teeth have been performed, improving the results when mesialization of the first molar is avoided. It was evidenced that the interceptive procedures performed in cases of impacted canines the extraction of the canines plus the use of cervical traction harness or transpalatal bar accompanied by the rapid expansion of the maxilla will result in a change of the environment, direction and position of the impacted tooth resulting in a spontaneous eruption.

The objective of this research is to demonstrate the improvement of reading in 7-year-old boys and girls at the San Vicente Bilingual Intercultural Community Educational Center, applying the Problem-Based Learning methodology to improve reading, for which an investigation was carried out qualitative experimental type, demonstrating that the teacher is the one who must apply different strategies, methodologies or learning techniques in their classroom, to improve interest in reading in students who do not like to read short or long texts, in this way , the application of the methodology was generated as a positive result since it is easy and simple to execute it in the classroom, allowing the student to be the manager of their own learning, starting from a problem that requires a solution, through the sequence of the didactic method, as well , causing changes in the learning routine for the student. It concludes with a proposal that allows improving reading in 7-year-old boys and girls.

The objective of this study is to apply the phonetic method in children with ADD without hyperactivity for learning to read in an intercultural context. A ten-year-old child was evaluated and from the results obtained, it is observed that it is necessary to create a strategy that helps to recognize graphemes, phonemes, giving meaning to words, acquire reading comprehension and motivation to it. In response to the results obtained, a pedagogical strategy called "I recognize and read" was proposed. This strategy seeks to ensure that the child reads fluently and in parallel

Lingual orthodontics has a its main advantage that it is a discreet and aesthetic technique capable of performing orthodontic dental movements similar to traditional lip braces, despite being a technique that has been on the market since 1975, it has not had the desired great reception. due to high cost, discomfort in viewing by the operator, difficulty in hygiene, etc. However, technological progress has allowed the technique to be reconsidered for application since it has improved biomechanics, allowing treatment planning and execution according to the patient's needs. The objective of this review is to analyze the literature given about the knowledge of lingual orthodontics. It’s also to review the biomechanics and the reported efficiency, for which a selection of 27 articles was made. In the past 5 years, 111 articles were published discussing orthodontics, both lingual and labial. It is shown however, that there are no significant differences between lingual and labial orthodontics and either of the two are efficient as long as the orthodontist has the knowledge and skills to use these techniques.

This work aimed to determine how SARS-CoV-2 influences the consumption trend of medicines and biosafety supplies in the Metropolitan District of Quito from 2020-to 2021. For the methodology, a quantitative approach at a descriptive level was proposed, which included describing consumer behavior characteristics. The documentary and field research modality were used on a sample of 384 people who belong to the Economically Active Population (EAP) of the Metropolitan District of Quito (DMQ), to whom the structured survey technique was applied, with multiple choice questions. The information was compiled, processed, and presented in statistical tables and graphs, together with contingency tables, to appreciate the results according to the socioeconomic strata of the population. The results showed that the consumption of medicines and supplies increased by 7.26%, which was reflected mainly in the consumption of expectorants, antidepressants, antibiotics, analgesics, antiparasitic, and vitamin C. On the other hand, the most consumed supplies were masks, antiseptic alcohol, antibacterial gel, and examination gloves. Most of the respondents are in the income range of $ 401 to $ 600; 20% of them acquired the medicine by contagion, while 18% did so to preventively self-medicate. Given that the prices of these products increased, it is concluded that the vulnerable sectors were more strongly affected by the health crisis, being mainly the income range of the respondents the ones that most purchased these products. It is recommended to consider the information obtained to identify the most affected population characteristics and understand consumption trends in a crisis context. 

At present, there is a lack of visual merchandising and digital marketing strategies focused on companies in the tourism sector of the Canton of Baños. Therefore, the need arose to carry out a quantitative research in order to clearly know the businesses and companies that implement the use of these strategies is involved in the profitability of the businesses and in a bibliographic way for the study of the variables. As a data collection tool, a survey validated by experts in the field was used, in which information from the tourist cadastre of the Baños canton was taken as a reference, obtaining a sample of 207 businesses for the study. The analysis of the results shows that 71% of respondents apply digital marketing and visual merchandising tools achieving customer loyalty to the brand and, therefore, the level of sales has increased improving their profitability. While 29% are still under the management of old tools which does not favor the sale and consumption of services and products. It is concluded that both visual merchandising and digital marketing are key strategies, which when implemented properly will allow the growth and development of companies, achieving the improvement of profitability.

The research topic aims to determine the administrative management in the cultural development of the canton La Libertad. Currently, the authorities of the day are still very disinterested in knowing the importance of cultural identity and the richness of its territorial heritage in the state of La Libertad, in the province of Santa Elena, a place where very little is done to preserve and develop culture. The municipal government of La Libertad, despite the rules that regulate and allow the promotion of culture, arts, folklore, crafts, ancestral knowledge and cultural identity, has not yet managed to increase its participation in the population. The research is descriptive, complemented by a qualitative approach, the technique used was the survey and was applied to a non-probabilistic sample for convenience, whose data were collected through a virtual platform. The results reflect that a deep reflection is required on the cultural significance and the competent activities of the municipal GAD in relation to little attention to the cultural components, the valuation of ancestral relics, the promotion and cultural heritage neglected. In conclusion the weak perception of the new generation on the value of heritage culture and the deficient attention to the development and dissemination plans of cultural activities is detected and Artistic. 

The objective of the study is to analyze the public management and its incidence in social service of the MIES in San Lorenzo city. The methodology is bibliographic documentary, field, the design is non-experimental, the sample was 216 users and 10 technicians from the MIES, the techniques used were the survey and focus groups. Focus groups were implemented with the participation of 43 women from the communities of “19 de Marzo” of the “Concepción” parish, “El Progreso” of the “Tambillo” parish and “San Javier de Cachavi” of the “Cachavi” parish. The findings establish that the public management approaches of the MIES in San Lorenzo city, accomplish with the actions proposed by the ministerial entity. In San Lorenzo, the number of beneficiaries of the human development bonus (BDH) was 7.201. The 80,34% that represent 5.785 women and the 19,66% that speak for 1.416 men. The 52,83% live in poverty conditions and the 46,69% in extreme poberty. The quality of the social service is satisfactory, the expected service received for 38.9% always meets their needs, although dissatisfaction remains present at a medium level of 18.1%. Participation spaces such as focus groups with the intervention of 43 women show that it is necessary to strengthen the capacities of the beneficiaries for less paternalism and dependence on the state.