Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This study has as aims to know the influence of physician model transmitted by those who teach and to identify student’s values when they initiate medical school, values transmitted before obtaining the degree and the importance of physician model in this stage. Through a semi structure interview, with previous informed consent, perceptions were collected from a cohort of students with respect to the image they had about physicians when entering medical school and its evolution throughout training. An impact both positive and negative was identified over students by professors. This influence is analyzed and concrete suggestions are made to correct or improve it in each case.

In the practice of dentistry, professionals face diverse ethical dilemmas permanently. Every dentist must make determinations whether he/she has competence for a particular diagnose or to carry out specific treatments in specific clinical circumstances. Issues such as these have given place to increasing discussions and debates with respect to health care ethics. Ethical worries are specially relevant in dentistry field, since while number of studies increase in this field, the limit separating practice from obtaining information for research purposes is narrowed.

The study consists on a qualitative analysis of content ministered by Bioethical discipline on Brazilian Dental Schools.Data collect occurred by semi-structured questioners send by e-mail and correspondence. It was used content analysis by categoricalanalysis technique, according to Bardin. Among 182 Schools, just 57 (31.3%) shows Bioethical Discipline. It was observed thatthe discipline is ministered on the first or last year of course generally. Principal subjects broached are bioethical dilemma (76.3%)with polemics questions and others actual like abortion, clone, organs transplant, attendance of patient porter of HIV and bioethicalhistoric (65.8%), bioethical fundaments, principles and models (57.9%). 84.4% researched professors, said that bioethical disciplineawake interesting on students because it actual and it's face to patient-professional relation too. It was possible to conclude thatbioethical discipline treat in its content some actual and polemic themes that influence dental surgeon formation because promotehim conscience and responsibility of him role front attention at oral health, and so, this discipline should be implanted, specificallyin the first year of all Dentistry graduation courses.    

The aim of this study is to know the conflicts between beneficence and autonomy principles present in physician-patientrelationship during therapy of suicidal attempt.Research was carried out in two psychiatry hospitals of the city of Mexico. The sample included three subjects with suicidal attempt,older than 18 years, attended as outpatients for an injure self inflicted last year, and three psychiatrists treating these patients.Information was obtained by individual interviews with previous informed consent. An argumentative discourse analysis was carriedout to find meaning given by participants to bioethics principles and possible conflicts between them.Conflicts between beneficence and autonomy were related to the benefit of treatment, respect to patients values and beliefs, amongothers. This study present relevant ethical considerations in the clinical scenery, by offering to the psychiatrist a bioethical analysiswhich allows him/her to act according with beneficence while respecting the autonomy of the patient in cases of suicidal attemptand, in this way, to give them better attention.

This study evaluates up to which degree physicians of Hospital Dr. Dario Contreras of Dominican Republicknow, respect, inform and apply the General Health Law in relation to the right of Jehovah witness patients to refuse beingblood transfused (respect to their autonomy). It also evaluates whether Jehovah witnesses know General Health Law and inwhich degree they have been benefited by putting it into practice. The study reveals that Jehovah Witnesses do not knowthe law.

It is often said that in Ayurveda, the Indian science of medicine, the scientific concerns are muddled up withreligious and metaphysical convictions. This paper reies to show how while retaining the experiential route of science intact,Ayurveda shares certain imporant concerns with religion and philosophy in India. It affirms that this ultimately has helpedAyurveda successfully avoiding the problems associated with multiple ontologies--owing to a separation of science fromvalues. Thsi paper will examine some important religious assumptions that play vital role in the conception and practiceof the science of Ayurveda and how such approaches contributed in developing and integraing a strong code of medicalethics into the practice of medicine. The first section of the paper will bring out the experiential route of Ayurveda. Thesecond section examines the concepts of disease and health/wellbeing in Ayurveda, in order to bring tout the ethical outlookingrained in it. The thirs section will analyse some fundamental postulates fo Indian ethics and attempts to show that withthe Vedic conception of Rita -cosmic moral order- Ayurveda uniquely defines itself as a way of physical, mental and ethicalliving, which aims at a very comprehensive notion of wellbeing    

This article has searched and analyzed the regulatory process of the ethics of scientific research in Brazil. Themethodology consisted in a systematic review, characterized by a bibliographical and documental study, results being analyzedby the content analysis technique. Legal documents studied dealt mainly with constitutional guaranties associated withscientific research, system of ethics regulation, definition of user, clinical investigations, investigations with foreign cooperation,treatment and diagnosis safeguards, human reproduction research, research with aboriginal populations, human geneticsresearch, multicenter projects and biological data bases. It can be concluded that there are protection laws for scientific researchin Brazil, establishing national priorities, determining researchers and research subjects rights and duties. There is a nationalsystem of ethics regulation established by resolutions of legislative power. Resolutions include diverse topics associated withscientific research, in line with world guidelines for research ethics, in this case the Helsinki Declaration.    

Medicine became a teaching activity with its own methodology since the Hippocratic School. As activity, it relatesto those which seek to produce something, in this case the health of patients, considering this as a particular good for them.The physician, then -as all producer- must transfer an existing intervention first in his/her mind to a subject lacking healthor in risk of losing it. This study tries to reflect on how the physician achieves to imagine in his/her reasoning an action that,performed in a particular patient, it will constitute in him/her a healing effect. The fundamental thesis in this reflection isthat, besides using useful criteria considering a universal human being, he/she must create an intervention designed to suita specific human being, who has a full personal complexity.

Currently, it would be unthinkable to treat a patient without explaining him his complications and possible morbidity,without mentioning alternative treatments or, worst, oblige or deceive him giving treatment that he rejects.The case of Jehova Witnesses is worth considering. National and international experience show solid scientific base for thepracticability of complex surgeries without the use of blood, some of them unthinkable years before.The present article refers to some legal-ethical norms, Chilean as well as International, referring to the autonomy and nondiscriminating patients, and it shows the experience of the University of Chile Hospital Clinic that, since 1988, counts witha successful health care program for patients who do not wish blood transfusions.