Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Evaluate the finances of Ecuador in the periods from 2008 to 2021 through the analysis of the expenses made in response to social demands; The study showed that the country maintains a high level of indebtedness, which maintains a growing trend in each period. The variables selected to evaluate the research were: public finances as a dependent variable and State revenues as an independent variable; The indicator selected as an information and evaluation instrument was the General State Budget. The methodology used in the research was descriptive and quantitative, the same that allowed identifying the resources that are used as a source of financing public finances. Additionally, the different sources of financing used by the State were determined, to face social demands, among the most important resources that the country has are tax revenues, income from oil exploitation, and internal and external credits.

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a worldwide change in all normal activities that are carried out, generating a mandatory confinement in order to preserve people's health, so this confinement brought multiple negative consequences for everyone. the sectors, since the economy, education, transportation and many others were paralyzed, causing serious economic damage both for the country and for the companies whose economic activity was interrupted and therefore the generation of their income. Millions of businesses around the world were affected by this reality, which by their nature were more vulnerable during this period. In this research, it is intended to delve into the situation of the management of assets and liabilities of the enterprises after the reactivation of their normal activities Postcovid-19.

This article aims to analyze the development of electronic commerce, as a fundamental tool for commercial transactions; determine the advantages and disadvantages of carrying out economic activity through the use of electronic commerce. The advantages of marketing through electronic means were analyzed, which allow users to sell and buy from the comfort of their home 24 hours a day, provides varieties of alternatives to select products, make payments online. In the same way, the disadvantages that the use of electronic commerce can generate were analyzed, the same one that for many users generates mistrust because they are not sure that if the product they select meets the expectations of the buyer, in addition to risking being scammed at the moment. to make the payment. The sales that Ecuador has made through electronic commerce were analyzed, selecting the years 2018-2021 as the analysis period, in which the level of sales shows a growing trend, due to the fact that economic entities are digitizing according to the current trend.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the organization and planning of efficient work through project management through a literature review. The concepts of work, organization, planning, project management, the relationships between these concepts and the incidence in the business and organizational context are addressed. From this it is concluded that work is an activity carried out by the human being since he ceased to be a nomad, which generates goods and services, which is why it must also generate wealth and comfort for those who carry it out. It is not an isolated process because it needs other processes: Organization, planning, execution and control

The companies of the province of Santa Elena in the commercial sector generally present portfolios pending collection with an average of balances overdue for more than 150 days; with the absence of controls in accounts receivable, they do not have reasonable balances that generate inconsistencies between the customer operating assistant in front of the accounting parameterization. The collection procedures are inadequately established, and it promotes delinquency in clients, it affects the increase in the overdue portfolio, this leads to a skepticism of the manager in obtaining reasonable security of the figures of the financial statement. This study evaluates the commercial credits pending collection, through the past due portfolio age matrix to obtain delinquency index percentages. A descriptive, qualitative investigation was applied, using the inductive method, a non-probabilistic sampling was chosen, Techniques such as: a semi-structured survey and observation were used, the portfolio age matrix was used, and horizontal, vertical analysis to determine delinquency rates and show clients with greater indebtedness. Prilabsa's total overdue portfolio amounts to $971,029 in 41 clients. Two clients are observed in the range of 151 to 200 days for $113,456 (11.68%); followed by 8 clients with $78,377 (8.07%) in the 300-day range. Finally, the top five of the uncollectible clients were obtained with a relative weight of $571,625 (58.87%), this tool reflects the values ​​pending collection and delinquency rates, generates benefits for the collection areas, serves as an input in making decisions, and constitute a transversal support methodology for auditors, collection managers, to protect and safeguard the asset.

Asylum is an entity of universal protection in human rights, whose modern origin is found in inter-American law, but its scope is universal, by virtue of the principles of non-refoulement, equal protection of the law and non-discrimination. In Latin America, the right of asylum is, therefore, a human right recognized as such in the American Declaration of Rights and Duties of Man, of 1948; in the American Convention on Human Rights, 1969; and, in the Caracas Convention on Diplomatic Asylum, of 1954, and in other regional instruments signed by the Ecuadorian state throughout the 20th century and since the end of the 19th century. The Ecuadorian state, by declaration of asylum, dated August 16, 2012, recognized the right of Mr. Julián Assange to seek, receive and enjoy asylum in any country after considering his well-founded fears of finding himself facing a real threat and potential persecution justified. politically motivated for having vindicated the rights of freedom of expression and information. In accordance with this rule of international law, Ecuador decided to recognize the Ecuadorian nationality of Mr. Julián Assange, granting him a letter of naturalization, bearing in mind that the Ecuadorian constitution proclaims certain principles of human mobility that cannot but be invoked in this asylum case, such as are the principles of universal citizenship and the gradual abolition of the condition of foreigner, rights that are guaranteed by our constitution. Pursuant to this antecedent, Mr. Julián Assange obtained Ecuadorian nationality and thereby acquired rights against the Ecuadorian State, as well as obligations before it. Later, when the State unilaterally and without establishing the proper procedure, withdrew his nationality, and this generated several legal conflicts, among them the due process, the legal security of the citizen, was violated; since in order to withdraw his nationality, in the first place the act that originated this right had to be declared harmful, by means of the injunction and through a process before the contentious administrative court. Finally, the process of granting the naturalization letter by the Ecuadorian state in favor of Julián Assange is analyzed as an acquired right, its connection with the right to identity and the veracity about the responsibility that Ecuador had when making decisions against an asylum seeker and later naturalized as an Ecuadorian; through the development of a jurisprudential research method from an explanatory descriptive research with a qualitative approach to reach the conclusions on this case.

The use of electronic commerce and the purchasing culture developed by technological advances have allowed this medium to be used as a marketing method for the acquisition of goods or services necessary to satisfy the needs of consumers in Pasaje city.   Currently, the advancement of technology has opened the way for consumers to acquire a new behavior within this market, for this reason the interest of this present is focused on carrying out an investigation of the aspects, factors and elements that influence the customer when making purchases in micro-enterprises, through the quantitative-descriptive methodology which aims to characterize the object of study, for which online surveys were used as an instrument. Among the main results exposed by the tabulation of the surveys, the aspects that influence consumers when using electronic commerce as a means of buying are demonstrated, some of these aspects are comfort, affordable prices, real advertising and ease of use, to use of electronic means; in this way the consumer saves time and money.. 

This study was driven in the province of El Oro where the probability that a user of a financial institution with certain sociodemographic conditions uses electronic payments or not for use in FinTech companies was calculated. The model used for this research was Binary Logistic Regression (LR), using an analysis carried out with the statistical program SPSS. It was found that people who work in Machala are 64% more likely to use electronic payments with respect to users who work in other cities, and people with incomes greater than $ 155 are 1.6 times more likely to use electronic payments. Two groups of variables were taken into account: the significant ones, which were obtained from the people who work in Machala and, on the other hand, the qualitative variables, which correspond to the users who have greater facility in the use of electronic payments.

Corporate law focuses fundamentally on the need to reconsider the extension of the privilege of limited liability in the context of the modernization of this branch of law. For this reason, the objective focused on establishing key points such as the reform of the Companies Law so that sole proprietorships are included in it and therefore the Superintendence of Companies. The applied method had a proactive critical approach, of a qualitative nature, information contained in norms and legal bodies was reviewed, according to the design of grounded theory, which allows comparing and supporting the regulations on the sole proprietorship of limited liability in the corporate law of Ecuador. It was concluded that there are several weaknesses regarding the business model, since the perspective of the experts agrees that the benefits that the constitution of a sole proprietorship limited liability company brings should be disseminated since, due to the ignorance of the people who work in Informal sectors of production are not interested in establishing this type of business model that provides legal protection to workers.

The purpose of this research is to determine if the advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting can influence it to become a hiring trend. The research was inductive to contrast teleworking and the face-to-face modality. A survey was applied to 88 public and private companies and NGOs in the four regions of Ecuador. Women outnumber men in telecommuting; however, men would like telecommuting more than women. Service and commercial companies applied telework to more than 50% of their employees. The advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting are the same worldwide. Nonetheless, in Latin America, there are no clear regulations or policies for teleworking, which generates disadvantages. In public companies, people with small children, disabilities, or remote jobs are candidates to be telecommuters. Telecommuting is the new hiring trend of the 21st century that provides savings and effectiveness, but to be successful, it must be accepted or requested by the employee and not imposed by the company.