Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Abstract Psychological violence against women is an attack on human rights and fundamental freedoms. Generally, this is not an abrupt situation, but systematic attacks that occur regularly for years. Victims tend to naturalize this type of act due to the prevailing social machismo and causes gradual loss of self-esteem, constant fears, depression and in more extreme cases suicide.   In this sense, the purpose of this article is to analyze the way in which impunity occurs from the filing of complaints, due to the non-cooperation of the victims and the non-affection, according to the result of the psychological expertise carried out to the victims in cases related to the crime of psychological violence against women. In addition, we analyze the scope of the diabolical test and how this type of procedure favors impunity. Another relevant aspect that is analyzed in the present work is the fact of considering this type of actions as a contravention and not as a crime.   From a qualitative and quantitative methodological approach this problem is analyzed, particularly the focus is on the canton Portoviejo during the period 2019-2021. In addition, a descriptive and bibliographical approach presents the legal and theoretical foundations of psychological violence against women and defines the normative precepts of the international and national legal order with respect to related concepts with this crime.   Another relevant aspect is that this article seeks to obtain as a result the systematization and comparative analysis of the tax records of complaints of psychological violence against women in the period indicated through the Violence Unit Registries of Gender 1 of the Canton Portoviejo. The aim is to analyse the causes of the failure to punish perpetrators of this type of violence.   Keywords: psychological violence, women, impunity, legal system, complaints.    

With the immersion of Information and Communication Technologies, in the daily lives of millions of citizens globally; the relationship of individuals with the environment has been transformed. Faced with this new form of communication, society demands new means of relating to the public administration. In this sense, the State entities make their marketing services known; through digital platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp. Given this scenario, this study focuses on the analysis of social networks, as a tool for the dissemination of digital channels (digital window) of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Sucumbíos. The methodology used in this research is quantitative and descriptive. In which, a set of information gathering techniques was applied that allowed characterizing the problem under study; through the application of surveys to the users of the services offered by the GAD of Sucumbíos. Among the results of the investigation, we have the following: they have finished which is the most used social network by citizens, in which they are informed to know about the procedures and processes that they need to carry out, in the municipality. Finally, as a proposal for this problem, a series of strategies were defined for the design of a dissemination campaign aimed at the population of the Sucumbíos Canton, as a solution to the information problems that citizens have. Keywords: Marketing, campaign, diffusion, social networks, digital window

The present research work has the purpose of knowing the purchasing behavior of the customers of the Mia Pharmacy in the city of Pasaje, the objective of this research is the impact of the quality of service on the satisfaction and loyalty of the pharmaceutical industry. For this purpose, the theoretical framework analyzes the constructs: quality of service, loyalty and satisfaction, in which the quantitative methodology was applied with a sample of 265 economically active customers or those who have made a purchase at Mia Pharmacies. The results obtained allow the acceptance of the hypotheses that were raised, thus demonstrating that the quality of service has a positive influence on loyalty, leading to customer loyalty and inducing purchase intentions; customer satisfaction and loyalty result in consumers perceiving our brand as the best alternative, while the quality of service and satisfaction are framed within the experiences obtained in the dimensions of the service acquired.

The main objective of this research is the main objective of this research was to analyze social media as a strategy to increase the brand awareness of the recycling company Proplastic Maxmetal. As a problem, it was evidenced that the recycling sector presents great changes and trends in the use of technological tools within its internal processes, as well as in those of promotion or dissemination of its services. As a methodology it is based on a descriptive study, with bibliographic-documentary research that used the analysis-synthesis method and field research. The population sample addressed was 384 people from the PEA. As a result, two headings are presented where the current situation of the company in the local context and the proposal of the social media plan are analyzed. Finally, as conclusions, it is presented that brand awareness goes beyond the recognition of the name or logo but involves the ability to remember and influence the decision of products or services. 

The proposed article falls within the presumption of innocence as a probative rule, which translates into the requirements that the evidentiary activity must meet and the characteristics that each of the means of evidence provided by the State Attorney General's Office must meet. ted in order to consider that there is valid evidence of charge.  The proof of charge is that aimed at directly or indirectly accrediting the relevant facts in a criminal proceeding, either regarding the existence of the crime and/or the criminal responsibility of the accused. Emphasis is also placed on opinion journalism, investigative journalism, the power of public opinion and the media coverage of judgments of social or political importance that have constituted an epicenter of pressure.  Based on the above, the right to information goes hand in hand with the presumption of innocence, where with the evidence that is going to contradict in the process, they will have to undermine said right so that the judges can sanction it, if it were the case, otherwise they will have to confirm their innocence.  It is necessary to make it clear that the state of innocence is destroyed but it should not be demonstrated, since, as it is a basic guarantee of due process, we cannot allow it to be violated when deciding on the person who is being prosecuted. Thus, when an investigation is initiated, this right cannot be evaded, since another guarantee, which is due process, would be interrupted. 

The objective of this article is based on analyzing accounting control and its influence on the finances of microenterprises that develop their economic activity in the city of Manta. The design of the research is developed under a qualitative, documentary-type approach, in which the incidence of accounting control in the financial area of ​​micro-enterprises is analyzed based on the theoretical documentation and the analysis of the information obtained without the manipulation of variables. The population under study is based on scientific articles, research papers and bibliographic material. For the collection of data, the content files are used, which serve as the basis for the content analysis of the sources consulted. With the analysis of the results, it is intended to investigate theoretical aspects, which base the accounting control in the scope of action of the SMEs of the commercial sector, capturing the benefits that the comptrollership of finances offers towards management, by facilitating the processes. identification of errors that are shown in micro-enterprises in the various internal financial procedures.

The objective of this study was to analyze whether environmental factors influence the purchase intention of organic products by UTMACH students using the theory of planned behavior. A method for the study of environmental factors in a consumer's purchase decision through a non-probabilistic sample, applied to 373 students, developed through the snowball method using a survey model structured on a Likert scale, using models of structural equations (PLS-SEM), in which the influence of environmental factors was collected on the intention of consumers to buy organic products in Ecuador. The results confirm the acceptance of the hypotheses raised in the study, showing that environmental factors positively influence the decision to purchase organic products. In addition, changing purchase intention and knowledge of organic products are strong indicators of the inclination to make the decision to buy organic products. From this information important data can be obtained as a basis for future research.

From a legal point of view, pre-trial detention measures do not apply to people with mental illness. However, the criminal authorities, in most cases, are ordering preventive detention without determining or diagnosing before their admission with seriousness or sufficiency the true psychiatric situation of the accused person. Due to this type of situation, criminal records are increasingly accompanied by documents that lack substantiation. This leads to the judicial body not applying a correct decision to the specific case, issuing measures such as preventive detention and other restrictions on their freedom. Forensic psychiatrists study criminal law in depth by promoting an evaluation of patients who must appear before the courts. Specialists conduct risk assessments on people with mental disorders within the process. In this way, judges can make better quality decisions based on a full report, avoiding the mistakes of granting pretrial detention to people with mental illnesses and replacing them with security measures.

Abstract

Portfolio collecting is highly demanded activity, driven by financial inclusion, digital transformation and data science. Collection companies invest in infrastructure and labour to be competitive and profitable, in a market swayed by significant economic and social changes. Traditional marketing uses hard variables in order to get knowledge of the structure, characteristics and conditions from groups or individuals, the inclusion of soft variables to this process adds the formerly concelaled information, improving the analysis. Within this line, according to transactional analysis, there are three different ways from where and to where we relate to the world: parent, adult and child. The behaviors, thoughts, feelings, and emotions that are expressed in each of these states are called "ego states." The use of these tools at a business level is favored by the evolution of neuromarketing and the development of computational techniques to synthesize cognitive processes, these are called Artificial Intelligence (AI). Thus, this research hyphotesis proposes to answer whether the a priori identification of the ego states allows to differentiate the parent, adult and child relationship patterns, using AI, and suggests to use these soft variables for segmentation of past due portfolio. Using Python for Natural Language Processing (NLP) and logistic regression to clarify the relationships between segmentation and payment behavior. The results obtained revealed the existence of such patterns and their acceptance throughly, additionally they  put forward the bases for the design of effective strategies in modern collection management. Key words: customer segmentation, debt collection, soft variables, buyer persona, artificial intelligence