Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Abstract Description: The Holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser has become the gold-standard intracorporeal lithotripsy device since it was first introduced in the 1980’s.  More recently, the Thulium Fiber Laser (TFL) was introduced into the clinical setting, with the potential to address some of the inherent limitations with Ho:YAG devices. In particular, early experience suggested the TFL provided enhanced dusting and fragmenting capabilities, less retropulsion and better stone free rates compared to the Ho:YAG laser. Relevance: Should the initial claims of the TFL’s better dusting properties be confirmed, this would be a significant advancement in the field. The ability to dust larger stones more rapidly could enhance the role of ureteroscopy and reduce the need for more invasive procedures. Conclusion: The initial experience with the TFL is promising and suggests an advantage over Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy. Properly conducted prospective randomized trials are required to further delineate the advantages, disadvantages and to optimize patient outcomes.

Background: Transurethral resection of bladder (TURB) is considered the gold standard treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder tumor (NMIBT). The urological clinical practice guidelines recommend second-TURB (re-TURB), in certain situations, to achieve a complete resection and appropriately stratify the tumor. Objective: To design a predictive model of residual tumor in re-TURB, to optimize patient selection and avoid unnecessary surgeries. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 413 NMIBT with a macroscopically complete TURB and identification of the muscle layer, with subsequent re-TURB (2-6 weeks), according to EAU Clinical Guidelines criteria, from January 2010 to December 2021. We have identified predictive variables of residual tumor through univariate and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The evaluation of the exactitude of the predictive model has been made using AUC (area under curve-ROC curve). Results: Median age in the series was 74 (38-91) years old, and 86.7% were male. Tumors that required second-TURB were mostly primary (64.6%), stage T1 (84.5%), high grade (82.6%), multifocal (54.8%) and with a size less than 3 cm (73.1%). Residual tumor was found in 28.1% of re-TURB. The independent predictors factors of residual tumor identified were: recurrence tumor (OR 1.87; IQ 1.14-3.06, p=0.01) and multifocality tumors (OR 2.11; IQ 1.31-3.4; p=0.002). High-grade shows a trend to statistical signification as risk factor (p=0.07) and early administration of mitomycin-C behaved as an independent protector factor (OR 0.40; IQ 0.3-0.81; p=0.006). The predictive model shows an AUC=0.7 (IQ 0.62-0.73; p=0.0001). Conclusion: Our predictive model evaluates the probability of finding residual tumor in second-TURB with a 70% accuracy. This way, we could optimize the selection of patients in low risk of residual tumor, thus avoiding unnecessary surgeries.

Objective: The objective of our study is to find out the data regarding the appearance of renal lithiasis and its characteristics in kidney transplant patients with functioning grafts in our centre. Design: A retrospective study was undertaken of the transplants performed in our centre between January 1981 and December 2019. The transplants with functioning grafts and in which lithiasic pathology had been diagnosed were selected. The characteristics of these transplants were collected (location, composition, form of presentation and treatment carried out). Results: 2658 patients with a functioning graft were identified in our centre. A rate of lithiasic pathology of 1.8% was reported. Among them, 44% were located in the lower calyx. Regarding the composition, calcium was observed in 45.4% of cases. Limitations: It is important to highlight that our study is observational and retrospective, with all the limitations on validity that this entails. Originality: Our series is the largest study reported to date of lithiasic pathology in kidney transplantation. It is also important to highlight that the data was extracted taking only functioning grafts into account. Conclusions: The incidence of appearance of lithiasis is small, but it is a pathology that should be taken into account due to the complications that it can entail. The most frequently observed location in our series was in the lower calyx. Although these results are supported by a large number of cases, more robust studies are needed to confirm them.

Objetivo: Evaluar la incidencia, características clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la obstrucción congénita de la unión ureteropiélica (OCUUP) en pacientes pediátricos en el Hospital Infantil de Morelia. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y transversal en población pediátrica con el diagnóstico de OCUUP atendidos en el servicio de urología de un centro médico de segundo nivel atención durante el periodo enero 2018 a diciembre 2021. Resultados: En este estudio se revisaron 53 pacientes con hidronefrosis prenatal que fueron objeto de seguimiento postnatal, de los cuales solo 6 pacientes captados de manera prenatal recibieron el diagnóstico de obstrucción congénita de la unión ureteropiélica (OCUUP). Se incluyeron siete pacientes con diagnóstico postnatal de hidronefrosis y posteriormente de OCUUP, lo que dio lugar a una muestra total de trece pacientes diagnosticados. La incidencia de OCUUP fue de 3.4 pacientes por cada 100 primeras visitas al Servicio de Urología Pediátrica. El 92.31% de los casos fueron varones, siendo las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes las infecciones cutáneas y el dolor localizado. En todos los casos se realizó cirugía, siendo la pieloplastia de Anderson-Hynes el procedimiento más frecuente. Las complicaciones incluyeron infecciones del tracto urinario, infección de la herida y fístula, pero la mayoría de los pacientes tuvieron resultados satisfactorios con reducción de la hidronefrosis tras la cirugía. Hallazgos o conclusiones: Se encontró una baja tasa de detección temprana de OCUUP en pacientes con seguimiento de hidronefrosis prenatal. Se recomienda una búsqueda intencionada de alteraciones urológicas en ecografías estructurales de control prenatal. Se destaca la importancia de un diagnóstico preciso y tratamiento oportuno de la OCUUP para prevenir complicaciones renales.

Case description: It describes the etiology, clinical scenario, and diagnosis of a patient with primary bulbar urethral carcinoma with history of a prostate cancer treated by Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, actually treated with cystectomy, intracorporeal ileal conduit by laparoscopy, and total urethrectomy. Relevance: Very few reported cases in medical literature and the important benefits of the minimally invasive surgery we observed in our work center in patients with a history of surgical interventions. Clinical implications: Importance of narrow oncological surveillance and the benefit in postoperative recovery of a patient treated by minimal invasive procedures. Conclusions: Every patient with an oncological diagnosis must have a narrow follow to detect the recurrence of the primary disease or new disease in a different place and if possible, always offer our patient a minimally invasive approach to diminish morbidity and mortality rate.

Abstract: Description of the clinical case: 47-year-old male with nonspecific symptoms of the lower urinary tract. A urethroscopy is performed in which a small hole can be seen in the lower portion of the bulbar urethra through which progress cannot be made. Retrograde urethrography shows a small 8-mm cavity under the urethra, consistent with a syringocele. The study was completed by means of retrograde urethrosonography where a 22x4 mm cavity (APxL) was observed without appreciating the orifice. Finally, retrograde urethrosonography with ultrasound contrast revealed the orifice and a syringocele size of 35x5 mm (APxL).   Relevance: The case shows how new imaging techniques can contribute to the study of urethral pathology.   Clinical implications: The fact that syringocele is very rare in adults and is often asymptomatic can mean that its study using the usual protocols is not optimal, producing false negatives, underestimates of its size, errors in its classification or diagnostic errors. Conclusions: Simple retrograde urethrosonography and retrograde ultrasound contrast urethrosonography are useful techniques in the study of syringocele.   Keywords:  Syringocele, urethra, retrograde urethrosonography,  ultrasound contrast.

The objective was to compare the effects of sodium selenite (SS) and Sel-Plex® (SP) on dry matter intake (DMI), daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion (FC), carcass yield, Se in serum, muscle, albumin, and globulins in Pelibuey lambs. Fifty (50) animals (LW=23.0 ± 1.1 kg; 5 to 6 mo) were stratified and randomly assigned to one of five treatments (n=10): 1) Basal diet, C); 2) C + 0.30 mg kg-1 DM of SS, 30SS; 3) C + 0.90 mg kg-1 DM of SS, 90SS; 4) C + 0.30 mg kg-1 DM of SP, 30SP; and 5) C + 0.90 mg kg-1 DM of SP, 90SP. There was no effect (P>0.05) on DMI; while 90SP and 30SS showed higher DWGs (293 and 260 vs 245, 243, and 230 g d-1; P<0.05) compared to the other treatments. FC was better for 90SP and C. Final LWs, carcass yields and dorsal fat were not affected (P>0.05). In the Longissimus dorsi, 30SP increased (P<0.05) Se with respect to 90SP and C and was similar with 30SS and 90SS. There was no effect (P>0.05) on the Gluteus maximus and Musculus deltoideus. Albumin was higher with 30SP and 90SS; while α-globulin was higher with 30SS and 90SP. In conclusion, 0.90 mg of SP improved DWG and FC. Selenite and SP increased Se in serum up to 0.30, and it decreased with 0.90 mg per kilogram of SP. In the Longissimus dorsi, Se was improved in 30SP with respect to 90SP and C and was not similar to 90SS and 30SS. The organic Se of 90SP improved the level of albumin and α-globulins.

The main thesis developed in this paper is that hygiene is a protoaxiological structure where the ego of the will is born. The genesis of the self lies within the hygiene as a primal embodied will of self-control. I try to expose that the instauration of self-control as a concrete value of the ego –in agreement with a free ego– lies within the core of what we recognize as ‘hygienic guideline’, or first socialized mode of the impulse. I develop these arguments in three moments corresponding to constitutive analyzes in Ideas II by Husserl: first, I describe the living and lived materiality of the body within the limits of the impulsivity on which the self-control is grounded as a value, theme exposed in the second section. Finally, I explore the relationship between hygiene and dignity, namely, the way in which the possibilities of self-control accomplishment determine the constitution of the self-value of the human person.

Inside epiphytic bromeliads there is a variety of microhabitats and resources for arthropods, being important sites for biodiversity. In this work, the richness and diversity of arthropods associated with Tillandsia recurvata were determined in three locations from Tecozautla municipality, Hidalgo, Mexico. In the dry season, 112 specimens of T. recurvata were collected over plants (phorophyte) of the species: Acacia schaffneri, Myrtillocactus geometrizans, Bursera fagoroides, and Prosopis laevigata. Arthropods were extracted from each epiphyte and the morphospecies were identified to order and family; the richness, the diversity, and the expected number of species by phorophyte were calculated. The highest number of species corresponded to Araneae, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera orders. Richness was higher on bromeliads whose phorophyte was P. laevigata while the diversity was greater when the phorophyte was M. geometrizans. The expected number of species was higher than that found in all phorophytes. The microenvironment of T. recurvata is favorable to arthropods to find refuge or to obtain food. The results set down the possible influence of phorophytes over the arthropods species in T. recurvata.

Electrolyzed water (EW) is an antimicrobial agent generated by electrolysis and considered to have a broad-spectrum and oxidizing compounds are present in its chemical composition. EW is used in multiple fields such as the food industry, as well as in hospitals and some clinical analysis laboratories. Neutral electrolyzed water (NEW) presents advantages over alkaline and acid electrolyzed water, due to its low toxicity, less production of carcinogenic residues, nor does it corrode metal surfaces, and its production is in situ and low cost. The objective of this review was to analyze the areas of application of EW, as well as to detect new possible areas of study. International search engines were used with an inclusion criterion from the year 2000 to 2022 and a total of 768 articles were found. In them, its antimicrobial effect on vegetables/fruits, meat and inert surfaces stands out with 37.8, 22.6 and 17.2 %, respectively. Fish meat is where its application has been most studied, followed by lettuce, apple and strawberry. In contrast, the area of health, as well as in the sensory field of food and in the germination of seeds, there are few studies.