Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

En este artículo se analizan los principales argumentos esgrimidos por el voto de la mayoría en el caso Dobbs State Health Officer of Mississippi Department of Health et al. vs. Jackson Women’s Health Organization et al., en el que la Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos declaró la validez constitucional de la Ley de Mississippi que prohibía el aborto libre, luego de la semana quince de gestación del ser humano no nacido. Como fundamento de su decisión, afirmó que no existe un derecho constitucional al aborto, derogando los precedentes Roe vs. Wade y Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pa. vs. Casey.  

En su obra Dialéctica y concreción del derecho, el Dr. Félix A. Lamas aborda la cuestión de la irreductibilidad del orden axio-normativo al orden del ser y establece que este es el origen de la distinción entre cuestiones de hecho y de derecho y la falacia naturalista formulada por Moore. Principalmente, afirma como fundamento teórico de dicha distinción la sección primera de la parte primera del libro III del Tratado de la naturaleza humana del filósofo David Hume. En el presente artículo nos proponemos indagar críticamente dichos fundamentos en la obra citada, exponiendo la teoría del conocimiento teórico y práctico de David Hume y confrontándola con la tradición de la filosofía clásica de corte aristotélico-tomista. 

Engineering is a subject that ranges from extensive collaborations to small individual projects. In our interest in the study of collaboration, we have detected a series of problems in realizing construction and engineering projects that cover different aspects. It is worth highlighting the subject of technical drawing, the different terminology used in the projects, mainly when these are carried out in other locations, the massive use of assisted design software, and the difficulty of carrying out projects collaboratively.Computer-aided design was a catalyst that has been fully implemented in Spain since the 90s in architecture and engineering. The most widespread application worldwide is AutoCAD. Students learn to carry out small projects with software applications. The basis of any project is the drawing of the object to be made. When teaching technical drawing, instructors have noticed fundamental deficiencies in the correct representation of objects.Similarly, those responsible for the projects have shown the absence of this knowledge. This significantly impairs the definition of certain essential elements that must be specified later in the execution due to the changes between what is projected and what can be executed. On the other hand, during the construction boom and mainly due to the commercialization of homes, multiple 3D software emerged to facilitate the prospective buyer's vision of their future home. The proliferation of this type of software has posed a series of problems as students master the computer tool but not the transition from 3D to 2D and vice-versa. Although AutoCAD made it easy to carry out projects with excellent efficiency, it has failed, despite its many updates, to become a collaborative tool that allows several individuals to work on the same file at the same time. However, architecture and engineering projects have always been examples of collaboration, as shown in the Collaborative Intelligence model proposed in our research articles. Specifically, this model is based on three fundamental pillars: area of knowledge, collaborative technology, and intellectual cooperation. Of these three pillars of Collaborative Intelligence, we are most affected by the area of knowledge and collaborative technology since this is where more deficiencies have been detected.This study highlights these difficulties and solves the problems that project managers have detected in their collaborators for students to acquire these skills. We consider that the acquisition of these competencies is based on correct technical drawing learning, although the software is the primary interaction vehicle.

The Venezuelan construction sector faces complex problems from multidisciplinary causes. The severe consequences keep the country far from the sustainable development goals established by the UN by 2030. With the certainty that education is fundamental to finding long-lasting global solutions and the aim to address Venezuela into the sustainable path progressively, the article adds new data about the main problems that confront the construction sector and the fundaments of sustainable construction education performed in Venezuela. With the participation of some construction stakeholders and public data, the authors try to progressively assemble the puzzle of the Venezuelan case in an attempt to help to develop a consciousness about the importance of improving education, with an emphasis on construction, incorporating sustainability concepts from the basic processes to be able to identify opportunities, risks and to be resilient, evolve and succeed in the current changing and unpredictable world.

As a result of the integration of the university system in the European Higher Education Area in 2010, competences, methodology and evaluation have attracted the attention of researchers in the field of university teaching, while the contents have been relegated to a background. The present research aims to find out whether the contents that are taught respond to the changing demands of society or, otherwise, remain static and may become obsolete. The compulsory subject "Facilities Project" of the Degree in Fundamentals of Architecture at the Polytechnic University of Madrid is chosen as a case study. For this, an open survey is carried out to the students who take it in two successive years. As it is an open survey, students are offered a greater opportunity to express freely, both their answers and the reasons they have forgiving them. It is detected that they positively value much of the content and that they also value, to a lesser extent, other content negatively. Different evaluations are collected for each of the topics that make up the subject and also the reasons that, together with the suggestions, allow measures to be taken to improve the content offered. It is concluded that the contact with the opinion of the students allows obtaining a valuable point of view when keeping the contents updated.

This work presents and values a model of complementary activity to the students training based on monographic works carried out from the analysis and review of scientific publications. This model promotes an extra motivation in those students with a real interest in learning beyond the basic content included in the subject program. In most cases, this proposal generates an important attraction when facing a type of unknown information.Firstly, a basic introduction to the problem is developed; after that, a selection of a coherent number of articles or communications is done, analysing the key contributions on the subject at hand; and finally, conclusions are stated. Exceptionally, it is proposed that students add a section including real cases observed in their daily environment (e.g., new products, pathologies and damages, execution systems).

The objective of this work is to carry out an approach to the study of spatial skills by gender in engineering students. For this, the analysis of a test consisting of 12 questions was carried out on a sample of 220 students from the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, of which 134 were male and 81 were female. The study evaluated three different types of spatial skills such as relation, rotation, and visualization. From the analysis of the results obtained in the sample, it appears that in engineering degree courses the difference between men and women in terms of spatial ability is not significant, with other variables such as the university degree carried out by the sample showing a greater statistical association.