Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The gender diverse community is characterized by showing different orientations and sexual identities in the human species. It includes a multiplicity of lives in society and a variety of emotional, gender and sexual orientations, expressions and identities, such as: lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex. The social participation of these people is still not accepted in many societies, due to complex situations such as homophobia, lesbophobia, biphobia and transphobia; that favor violence against these people. The fundamental objective of this article is to analyze the participation of the gender diverse community in the social sphere. It has a qualitative approach, documentary design, supported by bibliographic review and content analysis. As conclusions, it is highlighted that, despite the struggles and movements of social protest, gender diverse communities still face difficulties in accessing formal jobs, and are victims of discriminatory behavior in educational contexts; therefore, social, political and cultural actions must be promoted for the real recognition of this group. It is essential to include the approach to gender diversity in the curricula of school educational institutions, which means reinforcing sexual education, including diversity in order to eradicate discriminatory behaviors and promote the meeting of knowledge on diverse family models.

Within the theme of the modification of communal regulatory plans in Chile, some columns that are usually exposed to public discussion are Providencia, Santiago Centro, Ñuñoa and Estación Central. These communes have been populated in recent years, mainly by means of huge buildings, which undoubtedly cause problems in the neighborhood, since, for example, they affect the privacy of those who live in lower heights, in addition to generating negative externalities, such as increase in noise pollution and suspended dust. This must be considered, since there is currently a requirement to apply the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in the design stage of urban regulatory plans, however, there are gaps that hinder the applicability of this tool. In this context, this article aims to analyze the difficulties around the application of the SEA in the communal regulatory plans in Chile, which gives rise to some proposals to overcome the existing obstacles. It is concluded that it is essential to citizenize the regulatory plan, on issues such as modifications to it and consideration of environmental variables in the design and monitoring phase, through the SEA Methodology. The research has a documentary design, with the use of the literature review technique and the application of critical analysis.

Teaching and learning today are complex processes that demand the promotion of thought in its various modes of operation; this implies inserting the subjects of the educational act in the commitment to cognitively dispose themselves to display higher-order skills,mental skills and operations that allow them to act significantly on the knowledge and reality of which they are part.This procedure poses the challenge of guiding educational praxis towards the use of criticality, analysis and reflexivity. Cognitive activities that, due to their implications, favor an effective approach to the knowledge and information frameworks required at all educational levels.In this sense, this essay is the result of a documentary research, in which a characterization of the ways in which thought operates is proposed, which is assumed to be a process that favors the critical, reflective, analytical processing of accumulated knowledge,as an input from which to dimension the possibilities to create possible worlds, face the challenges of each scientific community and proceed in an intelligent, flexible and autonomous way in the face of the challenges of a world saturated with complex and diverse information. It is concluded that the teaching and learning processes require the operational promotion of the modes of thought, with the purpose of favoring the formation of reflective subjects, capable of looking at reality from different angles, establishing new connections and making appropriate decisions.

The great structural and technological changes that have occurred in organizations in recent decades –regardless of the sector to which these organizations belong– have generated a great impact on the way of working and solving problems, which is part of the challenges of human management in the 21st century, especially with regard to teamwork. This essay seeks to highlight various relevant aspects of work teams in the digital age and in the complex post-pandemic stage. Among these aspects are: the distinctive characteristics of work teams; the similarities and differences between work groups and teams; the competencies that distinguish the members of the latter, as well as their advantages and usefulness. The qualitative methodological approach was used with a documentary design and an extensive bibliographic review, supported by critical analysis. It was concluded that contemporary organizations need today, more than ever, the development of transversal skills in their collaborators, in order to favor their integration into teamwork, for the resolution of problems and challenges that cannot be solved through individual effort due to their complexity. In addition, the importance of emotional connection is highlighted, in order to establish an interdependence that generates high-performance teams, which is also applicable to virtual environments.

The objective of this research work is to describe reticular organizations, as part of the current postmodern culture and its particular link with the context of the covid-19 pandemic. The focus of the work is qualitative, with documentary design, supported by the bibliographic review as a technique for collecting information, and the hermeneutic method for the purposes of analysis. The development of the work shows that this type of organization is mainly characterized by being flexible, which allows them to adapt to the current turbulent environment, disorder, indeterminacy and chaos, among other elements. In addition, it has structural and cultural processes and facets that foster the creation, acquisition and transfer of knowledge, change, continuous learning, development and creativity. It is concluded that the reticular organization is virtual, learning, complex, strengthened in multi-agent systems; it relies in a special way on new network interconnectivity technologies, its network topology is representative of its organizational structure, it requires a strategic deployment based on uncertainty, it uses creative chaos in favor of innovation; and additionally, in the context of the covid-19 pandemic, it turns out to be the best option for organizational work because it allows the remote integration of activities through telematic networks.

El trabajo aborda la inestabilidad del mercado de las criptomonedas y las críticas que expertos en economía y finanzas han formulado a estos activos financieros poco sometidos a la regulación del estado. Las críticas giran en torno a la poca capacidad de estos criptoactivos de impactar favorablemente a los países no desarrollados, debido al poco desarrollo de las tecnofinanzas en estas economías. El segundo cuestionamiento se refiere al potencial de las criptomonedas de ser usadas para encubrir operaciones ilícitas. La tercera crítica está relacionada con los riesgos intrínsecos que comportan las criptomonedas como inversión, dada su alta volatilidad. Se concluye resaltando la necesidad de regular el mercado de las tecnofinanzas, en función de proteger a los inversionistas de los nuevos riesgos asociados a las operaciones realizadas dentro de este mercado.  

The following essay has as an objective to analyze the definition and manifestations of workplace sexual harassment in the context of gender violence and identify myths that tend to naturalize such labor harassment situations, from the enterprise sphere. The nature of workplace sexual harassment is highlighted as a phenomenon framed in power relations, which constitutes a form of gender violence and it is based on stereotypes about the assignment of roles between men and women. Among the conclusions, it stands out that workplace sexual harassment is a health and safety problem at work and that, therefore, preventive actions can be considered, in addition to policies and procedures for reporting these behaviors.

Introducción: los especialistas en topografía corneal incluyen varios mapas que describen la morfología y curvatura de la córnea. La técnica de aberrometría proporciona datos muy importantes al planificar las estrategias terapéuticas.Objetivo: determinar las alteraciones topográficas en pacientes con astigmatismo corneal, candidatos a intervención quirúrgica refractaria en el Centro Oftalmológico “Enrique Cabrera Cossío”.Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal analítico a partir de una totalidad de 62 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios del estudio y de ellos, 96 ojos posibles candidatos para intervención quirúrgica refractaria con láser excimer en el período de junio a noviembre de 2019. El estudio oftalmológico incluyó: antecedentes personales y oftalmológicos, examen del segmento anterior mediante la lámpara de hendidura Carl Zeiss, agudeza visual sin corrección con la cartilla de optotipo de Snellen, refracción dinámica y estática, dominancia ocular, microscopía endotelial, test de Schirmer, oftalmoscopia, test de sensibilidad al contraste, queratometría, tonometría, paquimetría y biometría. Se cumplieron los aspectos éticos.Resultados: 96,88 % con un patrón de astigmatismo corneal; en relación con los índices topográficos las irregularidades topográficas en 12,50 % y 11,50 % de excentricidad corneal. Hallazgo de dos pacientes con sospecha de queratocono y uno con degeneración marginal pelúcida.Conclusión: el patrón de astigmatismo corneal estuvo presente en la mayoría de las pacientes, con evidencias de alteraciones en los patrones e índices topográficos que demostraron la existencia de queratótomo y degeneración marginal pelúcida e irregularidades corneales, que afectan la calidad visual en córneas con otros parámetros aceptables para realizar la intervención quirúrgica refractaria.

The knowledge about the quantity, quality and dynamics of water resources is one of the key points to move towards their integrated management. The aim of this work was to characterize the water dynamics of the Lago del Fuerte reservoir basin, in the city of Tandil, and carry out a hydrological balance of the water body in order to generate basic information for decision-making and for future researchs. The lake has presented eutrophication problems. It is located in a hilly watershed, which has undergone land use changes in recent years. The methodology combined the use of previous information, field measurements and hydrological parameters estimations. The surface and groundwater dynamics of the basin were evaluated, and the hydrological balance of the lake was determined. The main water income was superficial, through tributary streams, while to a lesser extent water entered by groundwater and by direct precipitation. Most of the water exited through the dam and a smaller proportion through evaporation. The inlet volumes were similar to the outlet volumes, despite the excess water for the period, with negligible storage variation, due to the type of discharge from the dam.

In this paper we present several hydrological time series from Argentina that include, evapotranspiration, precipitation, and stream flow. We survey previous results and apply the 0-1 test for chaos to classify the sequences as regular or chaotic. Previous studies have shown evidence of chaos in several observables from hydrology using the traditional phase space reconstruction method and the computation of Lyapunov exponents. The 0-1 test for chaos can be used as a first step to identify the type of time series, that later can be subjected to the more detailed analysis of the phase space reconstruction. Assuming that the systems that generated these time series are deterministic, the 0-1 test for chaos classifies all of them as chaotic