Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Rising expectations, unfulfilled electoral promises, the weariness of political discourses, the persistent corruption in varying degrees of public and private activity, the polarization of political discourses, among other factors, have been eroding the legitimacy of democracies and have allowed the expansion of intolerant and authoritarian discourses, as well as have cultivated practices that tend to restrict rights. We highlight some reflections on the most visible threats facing democratic regimes, after briefly addressing some fundamental concepts about the notion of democracy and governance.

This essay succinctly traces the path of modern state organization from the Nation-State from the Treaties of Westphalia (1648) to the Plurinational State with indigenist roots that appeared in South America in the first decade of the 21st century. Being its purpose, essentially, this last form of State, the main constitutional guidelines of the same content are presented in the Fundamental Charters of Bolivia and Ecuador, countries that adhere to this model, as well as the proposal of the Constituent Convention of Chile of very similar orientation that will be submitted in a few months to popular consultation

Within the integration processes in the world, it is necessary to remark the experience of the integration process that has happened in our region since the subscription of Cartagena Agreement (May 26th of 1969), that in it’s institutional evolution in the last five decades has created a regulatory system own to its history , practices and organization called Andean Community Law, which has manifested in the Andean Integration System through political, legal, parliamentary, economic, educational, migratory, sanitary and industrial agreements for the benefit of its members

Editorial Tecnos. 2019, 23ra Ed., pp. 883.

CIAC Ediciones, 2021, pp. 357.

          

           

Sub-Saharan Africa is a region that has had 25 years of steady growth, only halted during the pandemic. It is an area of the world in which there is a great international presence and competition among the great powers to make investments of various kinds and expand their hegemony in the rest of the countries to conduct business. Despite the fact that private Peruvian businessmen have been working in the region for two decades, our country has a very limited presence in Sub-Saharan Africa and must expand it through the establishment of anotherembassy and more concurrences, to be in a better position to protect our compatriots, capture opportunities and promote our national interests.

This paper seeks to analyze the geopolitical causes of the renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (TLCAN / NAFTA) until the generation of the new United States-Mexico[1]Canada Agreement (T-MEC / USMCA). We consider that the advance of China within the supply chains that enter the geographic area of North America, the existing asymmetries in the productive structures of Mexico and its two northern partners, as well as the new protectionist tendencies in the United States generated the conditions for the renegotiation of the agreement, which creates incentives to prioritize the production of industrial material within the USMCA space against competition from Chinese products. We will do a discussion about the favorable and unfavorable aspects for the implementation of the new agreement and the new perspectives on its possible impact on the automotive industry, which was one of the central aspects that led to its renegotiation.

SPDI Statement No. 004-2022