Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Progressive ageing is a worldwide reality, due to the increase in life expectancy. The named third age (seniors) are one of the most attractive niche markets to the tourism sector. This niche, becoming ever more numerous, whose   individuals are in plenty of faculties and has a considerable purchasing level, own a certain potentiality, also supported by a high amount of free time. Notwithstanding the fantastic opportunity that de niche represents, it is seen certain lack of service offers   focused to this niche. The senior niche is now a days ever more linked to enjoy their free time in touristic activities that can provide them spiritual enrichment and experiences, which is why the growing trend of traveling and the interests in new cultures and destinies. The present report develops a project of a Travel Agency specialized on meeting the requirements of senior tourists, using the economic and financial analysis as mathematical method.

Throughout history, Cuba has constantly been the victim of all kinds of attacks against national security. Among them, it is important to mention cyberattacks, which have put countless Cuban entities at risk. One of the most vulnerable sectors in terms of cybersecurity is the tourism sector, this is because, within it, connectivity and personal or confidential data play a crucial role in processes such as: reservations, purchases, accommodation, collection of customer information. For all the above, the main objective of this work is the study of techniques that allow raising the levels of cybersecurity in the Cuban tourism sector through the logical-deductive research method. The results are a series of practices that will contribute to Cuba having a system of action against cyber threats, based on risk assessment, which allow mitigating cyberattacks in companies in the tourism sector.

Introducción. La humanidad ha ido cambiando y en las últimas décadas éste cambio ha sido de manera acelerada, es por ello que la educación siendo una de las actividades del quehacer humano también ha ido evolucionando a través de los tiempos, de acuerdo a las condiciones de la humanidad y a aquellos pensadores y los luchadores incansables que no conformes, buscan el renovar el hacer educativo que permita una mejor forma de aprender y de enseñar. Objetivo. Determinar de qué manera la educación virtual permite desarrollar la calidad académica en las carreras de las Licenciaturas en la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas. Metodología. Se utilizó una metodología no experimental con una muestra conformada por 1327 participantes entre docentes y estudiantes de las diferentes carreras de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas de la Universidad de Guayaquil. Resultados. Se evidenció la curva de aprendizaje que debieron superar los docentes y estudiantes, la intermitencia del servicio de internet y las caídas del sistema educativo de la Universidad, así como la necesidad de reforzar vacíos cognitivos, políticas y procedimientos en esta nueva modalidad online. Conclusión. La calidad educativa se vio afectada por el modelo educativo ya que el proceso curricular sufrió profundas modificaciones, sobre todo en las carreras que requerían de un mayor componente práctico; y por la infraestructura tecnológica que no logró satisfacer la demanda tanto en soporte técnico online como en el uso adecuado de todo el entorno virtual.

Introduction. In Ecuador, the urban explosion presents scenes of inequity, which poses new challenges such as recovering urban land, generating adequate housing, and mitigating environmental impacts to provide the inhabitants with comfort and a healthy environment. In Azuay province, 50% of families either do not own a home or dwell in inadequate housing with problems involving vulnerability and riskiness of the materials used for construction, lack of basic services, housing developing in high-risk areas, or poor air quality, among others. In the last two decades in some Latin American cities, the average annual growth of the urban footprint has been 3-4% while in Ecuador; Cuenca is the third city with the largest metropolitan area. Objective. Assess a framework of Sustainable Urban Indicators proposed based on the results from the analysis of the most relevant international techniques and methodologies. Methodology. The level of research is descriptive, the research design was qualitative, prospective and cross-sectional. The most relevant bibliography on the subject was analyzed, a set of indicators validated by expert judgment was obtained. Results. The final document, containing a set of Sustainable Indicators that can be applied to the local context and which come from a process of determination, selection, validation and application of universal indicators, will be a contribution to the community. Conclusion. It was concluded that, in the city of Cuenca, there is no priority for sustainable construction to develop, one of the aspects that influences it is the lack of clear policies and incentives for stakeholders to consider all processes in their projects, which are involved during the life cycle of a sustainable building.

Introduction. To know if the city of Guayaquil has passed the barrier of being a digital city to an intelligent city, but not only to know what was previously expressed, but also if it happened, when it happened and how it is being done, to analyze its perspectives and challenges, everything this with the purpose of contributing new ideas, critics and conclusions that contribute to the improvement and development of the city. Objective: Analyze if the city of Guayaquil is a digital city or a smart city. Methodology. The methodology applied in this research is bibliographical design with documentary-type characteristics. Results. An intelligent city must be a city that provides ease and internet connection to its citizens, but also be able to improve the quality of life of the population, take care of the environment, reduce social inequality, have digital nerves that are in constant reflection of intelligent responses from its citizens, a city that is sustainable over time, efficient in urban services and with the ability to continuously monitor and improve by taking advantage of technology, especially the internet and its data networks. Conclution. Although the Municipality is developing more than 120 programs and projects for the city, these apparently are not enough, first a consultancy, then it develops programs and projects as part of a strategy and then it is executing or implementing them little by little, where technological changes are so fast that they leave without effect any finished program even proposed in a short time; In this sense, the support of the citizens themselves is required from platforms that proactively invite or encourage participation, quickly, almost instantaneously or immediately, without leaving any part of the city or social group isolated or disconnected.

Introduction. As of the year 2020 when the Covid-19 pandemic begins, technologies have been used as resources for instruction, beginning to be part of this new reality; at the University of Guayaquil various educational innovations have been included using technologies; however, what characteristics of innovative institutions are met? objective. To determine the characteristics of the innovative educational institutions that are fulfilled in the University of Guayaquil, from the perspective of the students of the Literature career of the Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Education Sciences. Methodology. A quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, field design, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out. The population was 120 students of Literature from the Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Education Sciences. The technique used was the survey, a questionnaire was applied through Google Forms. Results. For 75% of the students, only sometimes do their teachers have the capacity to innovate using ICT; they carry out a constant investigation of new technologies by 40%; they express willingness to change their conceptions, attitudes and practices in 45.83%: they show commitment and willingness to face the challenges imposed in 48.33%; they carry out critical reflection processes in 52.50%; show openness to exchange with other teachers in 79.17%; and, they almost always foster an environment of collaboration and teamwork using ICT, by 85%. Conclution. The characteristics of innovative educational institutions are met only sometimes, with the exception of fostering an environment of collaboration and teamwork using ICT, which is almost always met. The benefits of using ICT as an innovative element in education are varied; however, a teacher training plan is necessary that includes motivation strategies for the use of these.

Introduction. Social inequalities and climate change influence people's perception of society and the situation of the planet, generating a change of attitude oriented towards the rational use of resources, healthy eating and respect for the environment, which leads to Fair Trade. In this context, the Escuela Superior Polytechnical del Chimborazo (ESPOCH) proposes a plan to position itself as a Latin American Fair-Trade Polytechnic, establishing several strategic fronts considered from holistic marketing, brand design and ICTs, as tools for behavior modeling of consumers. Objective. Search for alternative solutions to the problem of creating a market for FT products with the potential use of holistic marketing, proposing alternative solutions to socioeconomic and environmental problems for sustainable development. Methodology. It is based on a bibliographic analysis that reveals the controversial essence of holistic marketing, and determines the mechanisms to apply it to the management of promotion and sales of Fair-Trade products in conjunction with the design and dissemination of the brand in social networks using ICT tools. Results. In a survey of 2,208 polytechnic students, consumer behavior is explored and strategies are determined to position the brand of ESPOCH, Latin American Fair-Trade Polytechnic. Conclusions. The research proposes the use of holistic marketing in symbiosis with the design of the brand and promotion in social networks, as tools for the improvement of consumption criteria, and to have the necessary inputs to develop a correct training program.

The article aims to analyze applications of phytoremediation techniques in soils contaminated with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), to select a potential vegetal specie that, planted in degraded soils, allows the absorption of the mentioned metals. For this, concepts such as bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) were applied to phytoremediation processes. In the development of the research, the characteristics of the soil, type of compost or organic amendment, methodology and data evaluation were presented; of the phytoremediation processes through the vegetal species Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Corn, Pennisetum Setaceum and Tradescantia Pallida; planted in different types of soil. Once the data was evaluated, it was analyzed with the species Lolium Perenne, Corn and Tradescantia Pallida, since they presented the best properties. As a result of the application of phytoremediation techniques in the three species, it is obtained that the Tradescantia pallida plant has values of total concentration of Pb of 330,9 mg/kg and Cd 21,23 mg/kg, FBCroot of 0,92 and FT of 0,53 for Pb, FBCroot of 22,1 and FT of 0,2 for Cd; achieved the best properties to retain Pb and Cd by the phytostabilization technique, compared to corn plants and Tradescantia pallida. The vegetal specie Tradescantia pallida, although it was sown in an anthropogenic soil with a high content of contamination, since it was an old open-air garbage dump, it accumulated values of Pb concentration in the aerial part of 114,1 mg/ kg and Cd in the root of 17,03 mg/kg, which in comparison with the other vegetal species investigated, have a better concentration of metals, therefore, it can be selected for the remediation of soils contaminated with Pb and Cd.

Introduction. In most universities, one of the most complex problems is planning the activities of their administrative and teaching staff, in addition to the monitoring and control that must be exercised to achieve good management in these areas. Objective. Analyze strategic planning in teaching management of Ecuadorian higher education institutions. Methodology. The methodology used was based on a non-experimental design with a cross-sectional scope. Results. The results obtained allowed to establish that there is a direct and high incidence, because the Spearman coefficient was 0.926 with a degree of significance of P value 0.000 < 0.01, concluding that there is an incidence between strategic planning and the quality of teaching management in the institution of higher education. Conclution. The dimensions used in the independent variable such as the prospective, strategic and operational component, made up of the mission, vision, strategic values, preparation of objectives and development of plans and goals, have a direct and significant impact on the quality of the teaching management of the institution.

Aspects that influence the popularity of science in the educational and social spheres have a direct impact on job vacancies in the labor market. From this perspective, the purpose of this article is to analyze the events originating in the academic context, related to the teaching, and learning process, which have a negative influence on the perception of science, and have been disfavoring and conditioning its popularity. The study was conducted under a qualitative orientation, of a descriptive/exploratory type, with a documentary research design, supported by the students' reality, and based on experiences related to the construction of knowledge of science. Some aspects that influence the perception and popularity of the sciences are recognized and studied. In addition, we present recognized events of the proposed topic, such as: first contact, ignorance, disinterest, double vocational effect, minority, and deficits of professionals, all concerning and related to the sciences.