Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction. Universal accessibility policies related to persons with disabilities in Ecuador institute an issue of complex characteristics, the detriment of the application of universal accessibility standards as a tactic of inclusion of persons with disabilities at the national level, produces that the services offered are weak and conditioned. Objective. To implement an inclusive development strategy based on the environment and the community. Methodology. Bibliographic research with a qualitative approach was used, where three cities in the country whose spaces have characteristics of risk and exclusion were selected as a sample. Results. Among the results obtained, it is found that there is a wide margin of ignorance of the terminology related to inclusive environments such as universal accessibility. Conclusion. It was concluded that, despite the existence of universal accessibility regulations, there are several factors that make its application impossible, resulting in disabling cities throughout the country.

In Ecuador, the industry for the extraction of red African palm oil in the provinces of Santo Domingo de Los Tsáchilas and Esmeraldas has grown in recent years with an average production of 19 to 25 tn/h of fruit. The red African palm oil extraction process is conducted by digesting the fruit in a cylinder heated with steam, where the digested fruit is pressed to extract crude oil and the press liquor is directed to the clarifier to clarify the oil. oil and subsequently dry it, therefore, the energy need of the industrial plant is high. The main objective of this research work is to perform the energy optimization of an industrial palm oil extraction process, using heat recuperators and a regenerative organic Rankine cycle. For which a mass and energy balance was made from the data collected from the San Daniel extractor, the Concordia, Santo Domingo de Los Tsáchilas Province of several months of production at stationary conditions, to quantify the residual energy generated in the process. Several potential points of usable residual energy were determined, which correspond to the purge of the boiler that has a flow of 0.592 tn/h, and a residual heat of 424.3 KW, the exhaust gases from the boiler chimney a flow of 10.18 tn/h and a residual heat of 1543 KW, the drying operation a flow of 0.244 tn/h and a residual heat of 211.1 KW, the digestion of the palm fruit 0.448 tn/h and a residual heat of 35.82 KW and the sterilization of the African palm bunches a flow of 1.47 tn/h and a residual heat of 1723 KW. From the data found, the simulation of four heat recuperators and a regenerative organic Rankine cycle was conducted in the DWSIM software. With the results obtained, it is concluded that through these devices it will be possible to generate a reduction in the consumption of steam produced by the boiler from 5.86 to 4.61 tn/h, and in addition, 227.68 KW/h of electrical energy will be produced.

Introduction. This research was developed in the province of Orellana to analyze the ventures and their contribution to the socio-economic development of the women of the Ruku Kawsay Fair in Orellana – Ecuador.  Objective.  Determine if the ventures generate enough income to cover the basic basket.  Methodology.  A descriptive - comparative research with a quantitative approach was adopted as a methodology; In addition, the universe formed by 162 women entrepreneurs was considered, from which a sample of 114 members was obtained, the instruments used for data collection was the application of a survey with an extension of nine questions.  Results.  Once all the data was processed, we proceeded with the analysis and tabulation determining as a result that the ventures of the women entrepreneurs of the Ruku Kawsay Fair in general produce average profits of 63.17 USD, value lower than the 425 USD that corresponds to the unified basic salary that was approved for this year 2022, considering and relating the value corresponding to the Ecuadorian Basic Family Basket (CFB) 719.65 USD. Conclusion.  It was concluded that these ventures do not generate enough income to contribute to the socioeconomic development of the women of the Ruku Kawsay Fair, which allows improving the quality of life for both them and their families.

Introduction. Today organizations face constant changes, which in many cases are often detrimental, affecting their profitability, logistics is a term that dates back to ancient times, and that was initially used in the military field. However, over the years this concept has been adapted to the administrative processes of companies, and today it represents a key factor in achieving increased sales, since, through it, organizations focus on achieve the satisfaction of its customers and for this it is necessary that each of the key departments that make up the organization are oriented towards that objective and to be able to achieve financial profitability. Objective Analyze the optimization of logistics processes, as well as their improvement for customer satisfaction. Methodology. The methodology applied in this research is bibliographical design with documentary-type characteristics. Results. Therefore, it is important to ensure logistics processes in terms of purchases, customer service, inventories, storage, transportation and distribution of raw materials and products to be marketed. Conclusion. Logistics is applied through processes, which are implemented in key departments such as: purchases, warehouse and inventories, transportation and customer services, areas that are considered pillars of any organization, since it is these departments that are involved directly with the production and distribution of the products, which represent the main source of income and that the good logistics that are handled, will allow satisfying the needs of the clients.

Centrosur replaced the commercial system SICO by Customer Information System/Customer Relationship Management (CIS/CRM), in context on the project Integrated System for Electricity Distribution Management (ISEDM), that involved substantial improvements in the model of its process and procedures oriented in the continue betterment, principally in the management of billing. In addition, through the methodology of an investigative approach of transversal character, applied to all the universe in two periods of similar times in the company, ex ante and ex post of the replace of the commercial system. On the other hand, the result ex post, show an increase in the customers, demand of energy and billing of 7,32%; 9,71% and 13,02%, respectively, that are not attributable to replacement of the commercial system if not to the own growth of the company. Along with, the mistakes in the billing were reduced in a 55,47% product of the replacement, confirming the main benefit, optimize the process and procedures of the billing area, which allowed to simplify, homologate, facility and systematized them. In conclusion, with the raised at the beginning of the program ISEDM, develop new projects and informatics solution complementary, it will contribute for the system CIS/CRM to shows all the benefits of the software and principally the business model that manages it.

Introduction. ICTs bring significant benefits to the environment; however, they have an environmental footprint, causing an impact on the environment, which must be considered. Target. Establish the criteria regarding ICTs and their impact on caring for the environment, as well as the benefits and effects generated by their use. Methodology. A descriptive, non-experimental methodology was used in the study. Based on the review of the literature and on theoretical methods, which allowed establishing the search criteria related to the topic Results. 1. Previous studies show that the perception of ICTs as clean tools is overestimated, when they also cause an impact on the environment. 2. The use of ICTs brings benefits to the environment and society, constituting fundamental tools for meteorological observation and the prediction of global climate change. 3. Currently it is imperative to be aware of the true impact that ICTs have on the environment, derived from the extraction of minerals for their components, as well as a disproportionate increase in the technological waste they generate. 4. It is necessary to implement and comply with policies and measures aimed at reducing the environmental impact generated using ICTs, together with their awareness starting from basic school education to all educational levels. Conclusions. Through the systematic review of the literature, the repercussions that ICTs generate on the environment were evidenced, related to socioeconomic development and the effects of climate change, as well as the environmental footprint that it has, which causes an impact on the environment and raising awareness and enacting policies and measures aimed at reducing this environmental impact.

Introduction. The article analyzes at first the differences between deficiency, disability and handicap, an analysis of the legal framework of Ecuador in terms of disability is presented, it also provides a contextualization of disability in the Ecuadorian environment. The objective of this research is to contextualize the issue of disability in Ecuador through the analysis of various variables in order to understand the progress that has been made in this area and the challenges to be met. Methodology: the research is exploratory and descriptive, based on relationships widely studied in theory to create a conceptual framework that supports the study of the most important variables. The study is cross-sectional, a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative) was used. Results: the analyzed variables allow inferring the reality of disability in Ecuador from various angles, some of them being the labor and educational fields. Conclusions: based on the results obtained, it can be concluded at a general level that Ecuador has extensive regulations that seek to guarantee the rights of people with disabilities, but there is still much to be done in terms of inclusion.

Introduction. With the rise of Industry 4.0, a large amount of data is being extracted from machines and processes, which can be analyzed using machine learning approaches, allowing for more reliable decision making within the maintenance area; performing predictive maintenance data analysis becomes a challenge for a human being due to the large amount of data. Objective. For this reason, the objective of this study is to create a predictive machine learning model to detect failures. Methodology. The ai4i2020 predictive maintenance data available in the Machine Learning repository of the University of California and the free Python software were used to create the model. Four classification algorithms were evaluated to compare them based on performance metrics. Results. As a result, SVM is the best algorithm with an accuracy of 98.95% and a precision of 98.88% (optimized hyperparameters). Conclusions. It is concluded that the model works with high performance and good generalization of patterns learned during training, on test data or data not seen by the algorithm.

Introduction. The high school tests represent in Ecuador, a way to establish the different academic skills and aptitudes that the nation's future high school graduates possess, this is of great interest to the nation since it is these high school graduates who will enter the different institutions of higher education of the country, and it is interesting to know the data regarding academic performance. Objective. Evaluate, by means of the Multivariable statistical method, the factors that possibly affect directly and indirectly in the low academic performance in the area of mathematics of the high school test. Methodology. The research is non-experimental, descriptive and analytical. Results. The database provided by the National Institute of Educational Evaluation was filtered, in order to work only with the results of the Duran canton of the year 2020. Conclusion. It is evident that low grades in the area of mathematics are closely related to the type of economic segregation of the applicant and the type of institution in which he studies.

Introduction. The development of critical thinking is an essential aspect for life. In students with Intellectual Educational Needs, developing critical thinking due to the characteristics that they present together with the few existing methodologies for their development becomes a great challenge. Target. To reflect on the importance of Music Therapy as an option for the development of critical thinking in students with Intellectual Educational Needs. Methodology. The research followed a descriptive, documentary methodology, based on the Systematic Review of the Literature between the years 2000 and 2021, managing to consult a total of 26 sources, of which 8 constituted bibliographic potentials. Results. 1.It is agreed that there are different conceptions about the definition of critical thinking, as well as various methodologies to develop it; Given its complexity and importance in the psychoeducational context, together with the limited studies in the case of students with Intellectual Educational Needs, there is an epistemic gap that needs to be solved, hence further research is needed.2. The usefulness of Music Therapy was demonstrated, reaffirming itself as a viable and effective option for the comprehensive development of students with Intellectual Educational Needs, however, it is necessary to reflect on its use for the development of critical thinking in students with Educational Needs. Intellectual Educational, inferring that this theory must be tested in investigative practice. 3. A System of actions aimed at developing critical thinking is proposed, specifying that it must be made up of three basic actions: Diagnosis, Training and Multidisciplinary Intervention. Conclusions The development of critical thinking in students with Intellectual Educational Needs is a topic of interest and highly complex. Music Therapy, given its own benefits and benefits, could be considered a feasible strategy for the development of critical thinking in students with Intellectual Educational Needs.