Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The research on mathematics education that has been developed in Andalusian universities has had repercussions and visibility in Spain in the last two decades. At present, the normal processes of faculty retirement and the incorporation of new researchers in the area make it necessary to determine whether, for example, the rate of production of doctoral theses is maintained or how the different research groups in this area of knowledge in Andalusia are formed. A descriptive and census study focused on gender aspects has been carried out based on the web pages of each university and the consultation in the database of Spanish doctoral theses TESEO. Data have been obtained that support the continuity in doctoral production and have corrected some gender biases that were evident in previous studies. On the other hand, there are 9 research groups in Mathematics Education that group 130 researchers.

Different studies consider the possibilities of the use of manipulatives for mathematics teaching. It is with this in mind that this papers analyses whether the utilisation of manipulatives fosters development of the number sense in first grade Primary School students of a public Early Years and Primary Education school in the region of Córdoba (Spain). In order to detect the possible differences between the students using them and those who do not, quantitative data was collected from a test at the end of the school year. Such test is known as TEMA-3 (test of early mathematics ability). The test looks into two aspects of mathematics: one, based on formal mathematics; the other, on informal mathematics. However, no significant statistical differences were found associated with the utilisation of manipulatives.

This study was made under the research paradigm based on design, approaching from the development and implementation stages, a teaching experiment with mathematical modeling activities, using Linear Programming. The participants were students of the sixth semester of the Industrial Process Engineering career at the Central University of Venezuela. The teaching experiment was carried out using the distance modality and taking advantage of the benefits of mobile learning, among others, during a period of six weeks, with the support of videos with theoretical-practical content in order to promote cooperative and meaningful learning. The results of the study showed that in non-attendance conditions, students developed mathematical modeling skills in solving contextual problems with a critical sense in the handling and management of limited resources and use of technology.

Introducción: Según (ISO 22000:2018 (Traducción Oficial), 2018) la inocuidad alimentaria está relacionada con la presencia de peligros físicos, químicos y microbiológicos y que tienen que ver durante el consumo de los alimentos; por lo que se debe capacitar frecuentemente al manipulador con el fin de prevenir o reducir un peligro de contaminación frecuente por Escherichia coli, el cual es una fuente de infección transmitida por alimentos-ETA’s y que su origen depende de las buenas prácticas de manufactura. Por ello este articulo caso del 2019 evaluará a través del monitoreo de auditorías y muestreo de alimentos como se puede lograr disminuir la mala práctica alimentaria, validando la eficacia de inocuidad con capacitaciones frecuentes a los manipuladores. Objetivos: Evaluar la inocuidad alimentaria en expendios de alimentos en una Universidad Pública, durante el año 2019. Monitorear las buenas prácticas de manufactura de manipuladores de alimentos a través de capacitaciones recibidas. Validar la importancia de la inocuidad alimentaria a través de capacitaciones recibidas durante el año 2019. Metodología: En base a ello la población para este estudio-caso se consideraron las visitas a expendios de la Universidad Pública de Guatemala de mes a mes, siendo un total de 1529 al año, excluyendo expendios cerrados durante la visita programada; en dichos registros se aplicaron parámetros de tipo observacionales de lugar y de manipuladores que atendieron  y para la toma de muestra de alimento, se recolectó el que estuvieren vendiendo en ese momento; posteriormente se llevaron al laboratorio de control microbiológico de alimentos, con el fin de procesar para el análisis de Escherichia coli; el cual fue el indicativo de la contaminación fecal de origen humano; en esta fase el diseño es experimental y para su análisis se aplicó el programa de Excel para la interpretación de resultados, determinándose si era apto o no para consumo humano; así como para el análisis de las personas capacitadas. Por último, para las capacitaciones a los manipuladores se realizaron entre 1 o 2 veces al mes; según número de manipuladores inscritos y que hubieran cumplido con los requisitos de Tarjeta de Salud y Tarjeta de pulmones; así como se planificaron recursos didácticos para el desarrollo de las capacitaciones, tales como el aprendizaje teórico, planteamiento y resolución de problemas. La evaluación para está capacitación fue definida en base a indicadores de buenas prácticas de manufactura. Resultados: Se visitaron 139 (100%) expendios cada mes; encontrándose únicamente 108 (77.70 %) abiertos y 31 (22.30 %) cerrados, excluyendo a estos últimos para este estudio-caso. Por otro lado se obtuvieron 1297 (100 %) alimentos, de los cuales únicamente fueron aceptados y procesados 767 (59.14 % ), por  lo cual se les proceso para el análisis de Escherichia coli; el cual es el indicativo de una contaminación fecal de origen humano y que dichos resultados mostraron que 722 (92 %) alimentos fueron aptos y 45 (5.87 %) alimentos fueron no aptos para consumo humano; por último durante el año se llevaron 18 capacitaciones y fueron formados 397 personas, siendo 155 ( 39.04 %) hombres, 242 (60.96 %) mujeres. Conclusiones: La presente investigación- caso demostró la importancia de visitar mensualmente a los expendios y que llevarse un alimento de los expendios y procesarlo permitió incrementar la frecuencia de la aplicación de buenas prácticas de manufactura y que fueran visitados 1297 (85 %) de 1529 expendios (100 %). Por otro lado, este artículo demostró la importancia de mantener en los expendios la inocuidad alimentaria, ya que del muestreo obtenido 767 (100 %) y procesado para el análisis de Escherichia coli; indicaron que 722 (94.13 %) alimentos fueron aptos para consumo humano y 45 (5.90 %) alimentos resultaron no aptos para consumo humano. Por último, se insta a todas las Universidades públicas que realicen este tipo de investigaciones para lograr mantener la inocuidad alimentaria en todos sus consumidores y con ello evitar el riesgo y peligro microbiológico.

Introduction: in the present work applies the advanced oxidation processes (POAs) with energy input in the refractory purification of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), dyes, heavy metals of a textile industry effluent. Objectives: the objective of this research was to purify refractory contaminants from an effluent from the textile industry, applying advanced technologies with energy input (by electrochemical oxidation) to minimize the environmental impact on water bodies. Methodology: for the study, a discontinuous electrochemical reactor of refractory transparent glass with a tank in the form of a cylindrical and lateral derivation, of a net volume of 0.865 liters was used in a potentiostatic mode of operation with different combinations of the electrodes. Electrochemical oxidation was developed with the arrangement of iron electrodes: two series, two parallel and the separation between 12 mm electrodes. This guarantees a treatment without using chemical reagents, using electrical charges through the proper arrangement of the electrodes. In the electrochemical process, oxiradicals are generated with an oxidizing potential higher than that of any chemical substance, breaking down the organic matter into CO2 and H2O. In this research, removal percentages greater than 91% were obtained in metals such as: hexavalent chromium, iron, and cobalt, 71.04% reduction in COD, 94.9% in color and 77.5% in total suspended solids (TSS). Results: the results obtained in this work managed to be within the parameters of the current legal regulations. Conclusions: This procedure demonstrates its effectiveness in removing refractory COD contaminants: dyes, heavy metals from a textile industry effluent, achieving a removal of 98% hexavalent chromium, 96.95% iron, 91.8% cobalt, 71.04% Chemical Oxygen Demand, 94.9% color and 77.5% SST.

Introduction. The most important and relevant argument for this proposal and statement is the growing acceptance of the increasing complexity of abdominal wall surgery due to newer techniques, more challenging cases, and the "tailor-made" approach required for such surgery. Methods A systematic search of the literature available in May 2019 was performed using Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Springer Link, and the Cochrane Library, with seventy-five publications identified as relevant. In addition, an analysis of the data from the Herniamed Hernia Registry was performed. Results All current guidelines for abdominal wall surgery recommend the use of a "tailor-made" approach. This is based on the prerequisite that any surgical technique used has already been mastered, as well as the recognized learning curves for each of the various techniques that can be used for both inguinal hernia repair (Lichtenstein, TEP, TAPP, Shouldice) and for incisional hernia repairs (laparoscopic IPOM, open sublayer, open IPOM, open onlay, open or endoscopic component separation technique). Conclusion A personalized approach is now employed and seen more in hernia surgery and this fact is mentioned and highlighted in contemporary hernia guidelines published to date. Furthermore, with the increasing complexity of abdominal wall surgery, the number of procedures performed by residents is no longer considered adequate to overcome any recognized learning curve.

Introduction: In the year 1989 in the city of Quito, the company Villacis Imports Exports Techniques Industrializes and Commercializes Vietic Cia. Ltda., was established. Currently have 32 years of experience in the geodetic, topographic, and civil engineering area since its creation; no study of its financial situation was ever conducted. Objectives: This research study is based on the development and proposal of a fiscal management system model for Vietic Cía. Ltda.: this allows the company to be managed effectively, efficiently, and economically, promoting technical, human, and transparent management in the administrative management process, thus detailing the loss of financial resources. Methodology: This is conducted through a non-experimental investigation, since there is no manipulation of variables, it is based on the observation of its needs and it is longitudinal, since it is possible to analyze the before and after of the company when the method is implemented management system. In the same way, to achieve the design and implementation, the methods described below are used: deductive method, that is, starting with a general analysis, which leads to specific ones; analytical method, through the analysis of data from selected samples to study them individually, which at the same time uses quantitative methods, because the impact can be measured numerically with indicators; and qualitative, because it explains the situation of the company, based entirely on the requirements and needs already determined during the organizational diagnosis stage. Results: A comparative study of financial documents corresponding to the years 2016, 2017 and 2018 was conducted based on the criteria for obtaining information, from a selected population to ensure that the feasibility and feasibility requirements of the minimum conditions necessary for conducting the investigation. Conclusions: Finally, with the identification of criteria and indicators, it is possible to measure the economic performance of a company and it is about promoting a technical, human, and transparent management in the delicate process of administration and the provision of financial resources.

Introduction: In the change of the productive matrix at the national level, regulatory policies are established where it is established that the vehicles assembled at the national level must have a minimum of 19% of pieces and parts of national manufacture. In this context, the fastest growing automotive sector is analyzed. Objectives: A method is established to obtain the parameters of a distribution system of the casting of a foundry of a head of a 100-cc. engine which optimizes the process. Methodology: To obtain the model with which to work, make the geometry with the measurements of the best-selling model and brand, taking its measurements through photogrammetry, forming a cloud of points and then generating a mesh and transforming it into a solid element through a mechanical design software to have the physical properties, the material that we are going to use is the 7057 series aluminum which gives us resistance properties and easy machinability in others. Results: The process of obtaining the parameters of the casting system is conducted until an error of less than 1% is obtained, to graph it in CAD software and export it to an STL format to be able to print the model in 3D and mold it. in our arena, considering that it is the most economical system. Conclusions: To obtain the parameters of the distribution system of the drinker, the measurements of this are 200 mm, the error of the data is less than 1%, obtaining a lower diameter of 7.98 mm and an upper diameter of 13.96 mm. These parameters are made for a sand casting which serves us for the complex shapes that the motor head presents, the flow rate of the process with which we work is 0.1217 kg/s, for 7057 aluminums, and the optimal measures are printed in 3D with a PLA material to get all the shapes we need for casting.

Objective: Determine the clinical manifestations of acute Streptococcal Tonsillopharyngitis, confirmed test for rapid detection of antigen in patients aged 5-19 years attending the health Centre 1. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted. The universe (patients testing positive test for rapid detection of antigen) was studied. The data were obtained directly and analyzed in SPSS version 15.00 system. Results: The 61.2% were women. The mean age was 10.8 years, 43.3% had between 5- 9 years old. The 77.6% came from urban area. The 83.6% had education level between 5 and 15 years. The tonsillar exudate, thermal upside, odinodisfagia and malaise occurred in more than 90%. The anterior cervical lymph nodes, headache, and chills between 50 and 80%. Halitosis, cough, runny nose, petechiae on the palate, pharyngeal exudate, and dysphonia between 30 and 50%, and less than 20% abdominal pain, conjunctivitis, vomiting, scarlatiniform rash and diarrhea. Conclusions: The most representative manifestations of pharyngitis were Odinodisfagia, tonsillar exudate and anterior cervical nodes.

Introduction: physical and mental exhaustion is common in students of health sciences careers. That is why, a comparative study on burnout in university students of health sciences was developed, for which five works were selected from Spain, Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, and Chile, developed between 2018 and 2021. Objectives: to develop a comparative study of burnout in university students of health sciences in Spain and Latin America between 2018 and 2021. Methodology: the method applied was qualitative, bibliographic, and descriptive research for the comparative analysis of the findings, in this sense a summary table was elaborated where categories emerged represented in three conceptual networks: academic burnout, methods and findings, and coping. Results: dimensions and categories were identified, in which the common element was the burnout syndrome, physical and mental exhaustion; physiological and psychological consequences; incidence of values of the family, school and cultural environment; stress, anxiety and depression; academic training, self-efficacy, secondary training; to apply coping strategies (active and resolutive, passive and negative). Conclusions: burnout is frequent in students who take courses related to the management of critically ill patients or those at elevated risk of mortality. Sensitivity influences the emotional state, which causes stress and physical and mental exhaustion, sadness and isolation, a situation that affects academic performance. The sociodemographic dimension shows a tendency to female sex, single marital status. Regarding coping, the dimensions of mental state and cheerful outlook of the students, is favorable to coping and those who present high personal expectations, have less feelings of wear and tear or exhaustion. It is suggested that universities develop psychological support programs to prevent cases of academic burnout.