Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: it is very common to diagnose temporomandibular dysfunctions in university youths that are subjected to situations estresantes that unchain anxiety. This investigation can be good as starting point for the development of new investigations or actions of occupational health, as the prevention, diagnostic and treatment of these affections being focused in reducing levels of anxiety in the population. Objective: to determine the association between the anxiety and the temporomandibular dysfunctions in estomatologi students. Method: he/she was carried out an observational epidemic investigation of the traverse analytic type, to determine association between the anxiety and the temporomandibular dysfunctions in students of estomatologi of clinical cycle belonging to the University Clinic of Estomatological Specialties between May of the 2020 and May of the 2022. The universe was constituted by 37 students of the one referred center, distributed in the three terminal years of the career belonging to the clinical cycle of the career (3ro, 4to and 5to years).  Results: in the relationship between the sex and the temporomandibular dysfunctions the feminine sex prevailed with 51,35 %. The year of study where more prevalencia had the temporomandibular dysfunctions it was in the third year of the career with 27,03 %. In the anxiety of minimum to moderate the feminine sex was more representative with 35,14 % and the fifth year of the career with 16,67 %. The minimum or moderate anxiety the one that more relationship had with the temporomandibular dysfunctions with 32,43 % was.  Conclusions: statistical association was determined between the grade of anxiety and the temporomandibulare dysfunctions. 

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease has become a very serious social problem for millions of families and for national health systems around the world.Objective: describe cognitive disorders in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Methods: an observational, descriptive and prospective study was carried out in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease who were seen in the neurology clinic of the Ambulatory Medical Center, belonging to the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes provincial hospital, in the period from January 2020 to January 2021. The universe of study was made up of 64 patients and the sample was 40 cases, previously evaluated and diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and followed up in Neurology clinics. The association of the variables was evaluated using the Chi-square test, considering a probability value less than 0.05 significant. The variables used are sex, age, years of evolution of the disease, clinical assessment of Alzheimer's disease and the different cognitive disorders found.Results: a prevalence of female patients, older than 60 years with dementia and with an evolution time of more than three years was found; it was evidenced that the most affected cognitive disorders in the studied patients were short-term memory, orientation and moderate dementia (50 %).Conclusions: the importance of cognitive tests in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type was demonstrated.

In Ecuador, there is a growing private proliferation of “Specialized Addiction Treatment Centers,” as the State lacks sufficient infrastructure. These establishments face serious allegations of human rights violations and breaches of bioethical standards. The aim of this paper is to analyze ethical performance and human rights conditions in the context of mental health within these “treatments.” This literature review examined 70 articles, selecting the 31 most relevant, published between 2017 and 2023, from databases such as Scielo, MEDLINE, Dialnet, Psicodoc, and PsycArticles. The findings highlight the need for the State to take an active role in rehabilitation processes for drug dependency, as the proliferation of private centers has become a business venture where constitutional norms and bioethical parameters are being violated. It is concluded that, in terms of health, the breach of deontological, ethical, and human rights codes goes against bioethical standards.

The growth of the elderly population proportionally increases the potential of being a victim of violence, currently it constitutes one of the most severe effects that has been plaguing humanity. With the objective of modifying the knowledge about domestic violence in older adults, a quasi-experimental study of educational intervention was carried out in the older adults of the family medical office No.7 of the Carlos J Finlay Teaching Polyclinic of the Songo La Maya municipality, during the period from February to September 2023. The educational strategy was carried out in three stages: diagnosis, development and evaluation. To obtain information, a questionnaire was applied to the participants. Variables such as: age, sex and level of knowledge were studied. The McNemar test was used to validate the results. It was evident that before the intervention, the majority of patients had inadequate knowledge in the domains definition (78.3%), types of violence (90.0 %), risk factors and consequences (78.3 %), respectively, and behavior to follow (65.0 %), results that were modified after the intervention. The educational intervention carried out in the present research showed desirable effects to the extent that an improvement in knowledge about domestic violence was obtained in the majority of participants.

Permanent or transient immunoglobulin A deficiency is the most common primary immunodeficiency. Knowledge of factors associated with transient deficit would allow its prevention and better diagnostic and therapeutic management. A case-control study was conducted to identify predisposing factors for the development of transient IgA deficiency in Granma in 78 patients (26 cases, 52 controls) seen in the Immunology clinic between 2012 and 2024. Clinical and epidemiological variables were evaluated, using Odds Ratio (OR-CI 95%) and multivariate analysis with a logistic regression model. The univariate analysis showed the following predisposing factors: cesarean birth, absence of breastfeeding, medication consumption, protein loss, presence of celiac disease, malnutrition and presence of dysbiosis; the latter was the most important variable with independent influence in the multivariate analysis (OR 9.55-95% CI, p=0.032). Dysbiosis, cesarean birth, and lack of breastfeeding were predisposing factors for transient IgA deficiency.

Technology transfer is a subsystem of science, technology and innovation that ensures the applicability of the results of scientific research, hence the importance of understanding the terminology associated with its integral management, for this purpose a glossary of terms and definitions on technology transfer applied to public health was developed. The research was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Holguín, during the period 2023-2024, through a descriptive study with the use of empirical methods and techniques such as interviewing key informants and documentary review. The theoretical methods of analysis-synthesis, historical-logical, induction-deduction and systematization were used. A glossary structured in alphabetical order was obtained that groups 100 terms and definitions related to technology transfer in an organized and contextualized manner. In particular, some terms that were created by the authors were used to focus their contextualization on the health sector. The glossary facilitates the understanding of scientific and technological terminology associated with the management of technology transfer. Its format allows for quick and easy handling, since it can be used by students and health professionals and other related specialties.

Introduction: hypertensive heart disease stands out among the target organ lesions caused by arterial hypertension, due to its high morbidity and disability.Objective: to evaluate the prognostic capacity of the different factors associated with the evolutionary changes of hypertensive heart disease up to depressed systolic function.Method: a systematic review with meta-analysis of case-control, cohort and meta-analysis studies was carried out. For which an electronic literature search was performed for the various studies related to the subject from April 10 to May 24, 2024.Results: it was demonstrated in the meta-analysis that the factors with the greatest association with the evolutionary changes of hypertensive heart disease were: the presence of microalbuminuria (HR: 3.978; 95 % CI: 2.131-7.428), C-reactive protein (HR: 2.141; 95 % CI: 1.247-3.675) and the effects of arterial hypertension (HR: 2.105; 95 % CI: 1.647-2.692). The models for assessing cardiovascular risk did not show useful calibration and discrimination for predicting changes in the evolution of hypertensive heart disease.Conclusions: a significant association was demonstrated between the different prognostic factors and the evolutionary changes of hypertensive heart disease. The need for a new prognostic tool based on these factors is evident in order to improve the accuracy and precision of risk assessment.

Introducción: los quistes aracnoideos son colecciones extraaxiales benignas que contienen un líquido indistinguible del líquido cefalorraquídeo. Constituyen el 1 % de los procesos expansivos intracraneales no traumáticos. La mayoría son de localización supratentorial, se diagnostican de forma incidental durante la infancia y no producen manifestaciones clínicas. Presentación de caso: paciente femenina de 27 años de edad con cuadro de cefalea. Esta se acompañaba de pérdida de la visión e inestabilidad para la marcha. Al examen físico presentaba ataxia troncal, aumento del plano de sustentación y papiledema incipiente. El estudio de tomografía axial computarizada simple  y contrastada de cráneo mostró una lesión ocupante de espacio retrocerebelosa, de aspecto quístico, sin captación de contraste y con efecto de masa provocando hidrocefalia obstructiva. Se planteó el diagnóstico de quiste aracnoideo. Fue intervenida quirúrgicamente. Se realizó fenestración, resección parcial de las paredes y comunicación del quiste con el espacio subaracnoideo. Las manifestaciones desaparecieron posteriormente a la cirugía. La tomografía axial computarizada evolutiva mostró la desaparición de quiste. La paciente evolucionó favorablemente sin complicaciones. El estudio antomopatológico corroboró el diagnóstico de quiste aracnoideo. No recurrencia de la lesión. Conclusiones:  si bien la mayoría de los pacientes con quistes aracnoideos permanecen asintomáticos, algunos pueden presentar manifestaciones complejas en dependencia de la localización y el tamaño de la lesión. Los quistes infratentoriales con frecuencia producen hidrocefalia con hipertensión intracraneal secundaria. Para el diagnóstico diferencial se deben considerar otras lesiones quísticas. Aunque las técnicas endoscópicas son la referencia en la actualidad, la cirugía cielo abierto sigue siendo efectiva en el tratamiento de estas lesiones.

Introduction: Bruxism is the parafunctional and involuntary rhythmic movement of clenching, grinding, crushing and/or chewing (in the absence of food) that can lead to dysfunction of the masticatory muscles, generating constant and chronic trauma to the structures of the stomatognathic system.Objective: to determine the possible association between bruxism and risk factors for the stomatognathic apparatus in patients between 30 and 50 years old from Clinic No 31, Pedro Pompa.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical observational study was carried out in patients between 30 and 50 years old from Clinic No 31, Pedro Pompa. The population was 563 patients between 30 and 50 years old from office number 31 in the Pedro Pompa neighborhood, belonging to the Stomatological Specialties Clinic. A sample of 294 was studied, through non-probabilistic, intentional sampling. The variables studied were: morbidity due to bruxism, sociodemographic elements, classification and its risk factors. The percentages and the statistical association between the variables were used as summary measures and the Odds Ratio was determined.Results: High morbidity due to bruxism was confirmed (85,37 %), mainly between 40 and 50 years old, females. Nocturnal bruxism (78,49 %), unconscious (77,69 %) and eccentric (66,93 %) predominated. The representative risk factors and effects were: smoking (75,30 %), partial edentulousness (74,55 %), coffee consumption (73,31 %).Conclusions: the association of bruxism with: sociodemographic variables, biogenetic and psychosocial factors except administration of sedatives was demonstrated.

Infertility is a health problem that affects about 10% of couples of reproductive age worldwide. In order to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of infertile couples treated at the Jimmy Hirzel polyclinic in the municipality of Bayamo, Granma province, during January 2021 - December 2022, an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out, which included 76 infertile couples. The following variables were studied: age, education, occupation, female and male risk factors for infertility. Data were obtained from medical records and descriptive statistics, absolute and relative frequencies were used for analysis. The research showed that the largest number of women and men were in the 25 to 34 age group (52.6% and 47.4% respectively); the 12th grade level of schooling predominated (43.4% women and 31.6% men); as well as patients who had an employment relationship (92.1% men and 68.4% women). Pelvic inflammatory disease was the most relevant clinical risk factor in women (21.1%), and seminal infection was the predominant clinical risk factor in men (32.9%). It was concluded that pelvic inflammatory disease in females and seminal infections in males were the clinical risk factors most commonly detected in the infertile couples studied, this being the main result of the research.