Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

La presente investigación se realizó con el propósito de explicar por qué el procedimiento de inscripción registral del anticipo de legítima vulnera el principio de legalidad, en el Perú. La metodología empleada consistió principalmente en identificar el criterio o criterios tomados en cuenta por la Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos para regular este procedimiento y su respectiva tasa en el Texto Único de Procedimientos Administrativos. Se concluye que la inscripción registral del anticipo de legítima vulnera el principio de legalidad en el Perú por prescindir de la legislación civil, la cual, para efectos de la colación, refiere expresamente, entre otras liberalidades, a la donación, ya regulada en el citado documento de gestión; y por ende, dicho procedimiento carece de un óptimo análisis de calidad regulatoria de este principio.

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el impacto del programa de vida ecoeficiente en la mejora de la conciencia ambiental en los estudiantes de tercer año de educación secundaria de la Institución Educativa Artemio del Solar del distrito de Santa, año 2021. Se aplicó el enfoque cuantitativo y la investigación es de tipo aplicada. La población estuvo constituida por 147 estudiantes y la muestra estuvo compuesta por 32 estudiantes de tercer grado de secundaria, sección A, la misma que fue seleccionada mediante un muestreo no probabilístico a criterio del investigador. El diseño empleado fue preexperimental con un grupo de aplicación de pre y posprueba. Los resultados encontrados evidencian que la a aplicación del Programa Vida Ecoeficiente mejoró la conciencia ambiental en los estudiantes de la IE Artemio del Solar.

This study aimed to explore the perception and sensory acceptance of Purple Maize (PM) breakfast cereals by a Brazilian panel. The extrudates were elaborated using 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% PM in a commercial yellow corn base. A total of 117 consumers evaluated samples through an acceptability test (nine-point hedonic scale) followed by CATA questions (35 descriptive terms) and a market research questionnaire. The cereals formulated with 50% and 75% PM had the best scores (6) in color, aroma, texture, and overall liking during the acceptability test. Based on the penalty-lift analysis, Brazilian consumers' most important drivers of preference were the attractive color, crispy texture, and the natural and innovative purple color. In contrast, hard texture and brown color drivers negatively impacted the scores. In the market research, consumers indicated that they could eat the product both as a breakfast cereal and as a snack during the day; Likewise, they highlighted the possible health benefits, the innovative color, and the use of exotic raw materials as the best characteristics of the product. Therefore, using 50% PM or more allows for obtaining sustainable and nutritious breakfast cereals with characteristics of color, flavor, and texture well accepted by Brazilian consumers.

The compost produced based on municipal/urban organic solid waste (RSOM/U), is a valuable resource as a biofertilizer for agriculture, gardening, forestry and especially for soil remediation, whose production contributes to sustainable development through recycling of organic matter and nutrients. However, due to the raw materials used, the compost can have a significant content of heavy metals such as: cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se), and contaminants such as potentially toxic trace elements that harm human health. These components can accumulate in plant tissues by absorption, giving rise to the possibility of being bioavailable to humans and animals. The fungal bioremediation of heavy metals in RSOM/U compost is highly efficient, cost-effective, available and friendly to the environment, therefore the removal of metals through this technique is a priority, if the purpose is to use it in agricultural soils. This review summarizes the studies based on the potential of fungal biomass for the bioremediation of heavy metals in RSOM/U compost, reporting information on RSOM/U-based compost, fungal biomass production and mechanisms of bioremediation of heavy metals by fungal biomass. In conclusion, the bioremediation of heavy metals using the fungal biomass in RSOM/U compost, with adequate segregation of raw material, coupled with bioremediation, could improve the removal of heavy metals in RSOM/U compost, and could be an ecological and viable alternative, which must be valued by intensifying its use.

The attributes of nematodes are presented as valuable tools for determining the quality of soil, especially that of mining companies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of nematodes against a stress gradient in a rainy season and a dry season in soils influenced by mining. Thus, field sampling was carried out over 100 m2 in triplicate for four types of soils classified according to their uses (pasture, maize cultivation, fig cultivation, and eucalyptus cultivation), and these areas were located on the periphery (500 to 1500 m) of the Ollachea mining community of Puno in Peru; subsequently, the samples were processed in the laboratory to determine edaphic, agrochemical, heavy metal, and microbiological parameters and identify the nematodes. The abiotic stress gradient was determined by a principal component analysis; and through a canonical correlation analysis, the relationships between the abiotic stress gradient and the nematodes were determined. Canonical correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations: in the rainy season, Helicotylenchus and vanadium (r = 0.99), Globodera and titanium (r = 0.97), and Tylenchus and lead (r = 0.96); in the dry season: Meloidogyne and vanadium (r = 0.99), and Hemicycliophora and lead (r = 0.91). In conclusion, the abiotic stress gradient had a high correlation with bacterivorous, fungivorous, and phytoparasitic nematodes and a low correlation with omnivorous and predatory nematodes, showing the bioindicator capacity of nematodes in relation to stress parameters that impact soil quality.

The growing of Solanum lycopersicum L. "tomato" is affected by salinity, reducing its water consumption, and affecting negatively plant growth and development. Therefore, it is necessary to seek sustainable cultivation and fertilization options, such as the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. This research aimed to determine the potential of rhizospheric Actinobacteria isolated from Opuntia sp. "prickly pear" as tomato growth promoting under salinity. The genera of isolated Actinobacteria were identified, the synthesis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACC) was characterized and its effect on the germination of tomato cultivar Río Grande seeds was evaluated. Two tests on non-saline and saline soils were carried out to compare the effect of Streptomyces spp. and Nocardia sp. in plant development in the greenhouse. Several Actinobacteria genera were isolated from 87.03% of samples, highlighting Streptomyces (46.67%) and Nocardia (34.0%). 9.33% of the Actinobacteria presented ACC deaminase activity, which increased seed germination, and the growth and yield of seedlings with increases of 88.98% (height); 96.30% (number of sheets); 201.35% (aerial biomass); 173.77% (root length); 100.0% (root weight); 150.0% (number of fruits) and 173.14% (weight of fruits), as well as 1.37 mg/g in the chlorophyll content in the saline soil. Also, Streptomyces sp. strain 21 decreased sodium content and increased potassium and K+/Na+ rate in the leaves and roots of the plants with the highest yield (1.068 kg/plant) in the saline soil. In conclusion, the positive effect of Actinobacteria as promoters of tomato growth and yield, increasing chlorophyll content, and decreasing salinity stress was demonstrated.

Vanilla is the orchid of greatest economic interest to the world since the spice of the same name is obtained from it. Vanillin is obtained from its ripened pod, this compound is highly recognized and demanded by the gastronomic, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries for the sweet aroma and flavor it emanates. The objective of this work was to carry out a literature review to put into perspective the reader about the sustainability strategies in the vanilla industry in Mexico, as well as the innovations of propagation and in vitro conservation of Vanilla planifolia germplasm. Despite being originally from Mexico, this country ranks third in world production, preceding Madagascar, and Indonesia. This compilation of studies presents biotechnological techniques to increase vanilla production, as well as alternatives that can reduce the negative effects caused by the low genetic accumulation in this species, such as plant tissue culture, use of molecular markers for the study of somaclonal variation, asymbiotic seed germination under in vitro conditions. These techniques together with agro-industrial strategies can represent a sustainable alternative for vanilla production. In this article, strategies are suggested that allow those interested in vanilla production to make appropriate decisions, however, it is necessary to develop multidisciplinary studies that allow a global approach to the phenomena involved in the production and use of vanilla, as well as the resolution of the problems that this process faces.

The green chemistry promotes the synthesis of nanomaterials from plant extracts as a new climate intelligent alternative to the use of conventional protocols based on costly and toxic chemicals. Therefore, this research was undertaken to analyses the efficiency of banana (peels and rachis) waste extracts in the production of a micro-composite composed by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and cellulose microfibers (CMF) respectively. Results showed the synthesis of 24 nm diameter spherical particles AgNPs, with a peak of absorbance at 410 nm, in (v/v) water:ethanol extracts of banana peels at a final dilution of 3.10-2. Concomitantly, 50-350 µm in length and 5-10 µm of diameter CMF were obtained via the oxalic acid hydrolysis of the oven-dried banana rachis. The micro-composite (AgNPs-CMF) and AgNPs displayed an active reducing capacity over 60% determined by the DPPH test, and active bacterial activity against E. Coli and S. aureus in Petri dishes. Overall results support the use of banana waste for the synthesis of AgNPs and CMF for industrial purposes.

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationships between the Visual Evaluation of Soil Structure (VESS) and soil properties that make its adoption widely used in agriculture. For this, 25 papers related to the VESS (2009-2022) were considered where the information of the authors, the soil property: bulk density (BD), total soil porosity (TP), soil penetration resistance (PR), macroporosity, microporosity, soil organic carbon (SOC), and mean weight diameter of stable aggregates (MWD). The sample size (n=120 cases), and the correlation coefficient were extracted. To measure this relationship, the correlation coefficient of all studies was contemplated. A meta-analysis was carried out to obtain a global measure of the correlation between the VESS and soil properties across the studies. In the first instance, a fixed effects model was fitted for the correlation (effect size, known as the response variable in the meta-analysis). Subsequently, a random effects model was fitted for the correlation, followed by a subgroup analysis according to soil properties, due to the presence of high heterogeneity between studies. The overall effect (average correlation coefficient) of the fitted random effects model was 0.31 with a confidence interval (CI) of [0.22;0.41]. The heterogeneity between studies was high ( =94.0%) and statistically significant p<0.001. Although it is moderate, the average correlation in practical terms may be sufficient. There were significant differences in some average correlations of some categories, such as BD, PR, TP, and microporosity. The weights reported for the BD, SOC, and PR were 29.7%, 16.4%, and 14.2%, respectively. This result evidenced that the greatest contribution to the global effect of correlation between VESS and soil properties is provided by BD. 

Drought is an extreme climatic event that generates large impacts and losses in agriculture, causing the increase of global food insecurity and unsustainability of rural livelihoods. Based on this, the objective of this research was to conduct a systematic review of empirical studies that have reported the relationship between risk perception and adaptive strategies of farmers in the face of drought. For this reason, the review followed the guidelines and recommendations of the PRISMA statement. The databases consulted were Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCO. In total, 50 empirical studies, in Spanish and English, published between 2010 and 2021, that met the selection criteria were reviewed. The results highlight thdifferent factors influencingisk perception (years of experience, level of schooling, among others) and adaptation strategies (farm size, gender, access to credit, etc.). Finally, the effects of drought at the crop, livestock, personal and environmental levels were identified. In conclusion, we discuss its implications and limitations, highlighting the absence of studies in the Latin American region and in Spanish language. Future studies should be done with a place-based perspective, under which adaptive knowledge, beliefs, practices and actions can be recognized. On the other hand, climate change mitigation policies and programs must be proposed and implemented at a local scale.