Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Incestuous child sexual abuse is a psychosocial phenomenon whose repercussions affect various areas of human development. However, it is an object of knowledge of recent study, so the approach to its significance is rarely done in the specialized literature due to the small number of qualitative investigations. This is significant given the historical invisibility of both adolescence and child sexual abuse. The purpose of the study, therefore, is to review the results of qualitative research on the meanings given by adolescent victims of incestuous child sexual abuse in order to identify guidelines for its diagnosis and clinical intervention. A methodology of a theoretical review of the scientific literature was used, similar to the guidelines stipulated by the PRISMA methodology. After carrying out the theoretical review of the literature provided by different databases of the last 22 years, a rigorous manual selection was made based on previous selection criteria that considered original qualitative research with adolescent victims of incestuous child sexual abuse. 20 articles of 3, 106 referring to said abuse were selected from a qualitative approach. The findings in the selected studies allow us to characterize the significance that adolescent victims make of incestuous child sexual abuse as a traumatic, endless, infinite and extremely painful event, which provides guidelines for diagnosis and clinical intervention, especially with regard to managing guilt and shame, bodily inadequacy, and sexual dysfunction. It is concluded that, from the adolescent perspective, incestuous child sexual abuse is one of the most severe, frequent, silenced forms of violence and whose psychological damage generates a traumatogenic dynamic that is stigmatizing for the victims. Hence the importance of differentiating incestuous child sexual abuse in the spectrum of sexual abuse, since the effects, reactive symptomatology and psychological damage are differential. Despite the limited existing qualitative research, the qualitative approach to this object of knowledge contributes to a holistic and more complete configuration of incestuous child sexual abuse by considering the meanings of the victims, as well as contributing to providing guidelines for its diagnosis and intervention. Incestuous child sexual abuse, due to its nature, its consequences and the psychological damage it generates in the victims, deserves to be considered as a special category in the spectrum of child sexual abuse.

The work entitled “The Use of TIC as a Digital Educational Teaching Resource by Teachers of Business Careers, Private University, Asunción, 2020”, analyzes the characteristics of TIC used as a digital educational teaching resource by teachers. teachers of business careers, Private University, Asunción, second semester, the year 2020, was approached from the positivist-interpretative (mixed) paradigm due to the nature of the research. The methodology was qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, and based on the field study. The techniques used were the survey with a Likert-type response scale and an in-depth individual interview with a question guide, administered through Google Forms and the Zoom platform, considering the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the methodology for the development of the questionnaire thesis work within the framework of the health emergency arranged by the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare and accepted by the Private University. The instruments used were subjected to validation and reliability studies. The results obtained concerning the dimensions: types, use, usefulness, and the capacities of teachers in the use of TIC as a digital educational resource reflect that the level of use of these technologies is very high, which suggests that they know to handle these tools.

This study examines climate change related environmental education amongst the teachers of the National University of Asunción, and proposes measures that can contribute to sustainable development. The research follows a qualitative approach, with a non-experimental and descriptive design. As a data collection instrument, semi-structured personal interviews—based on a questionnaire—were used. The study identifies that the teachers have an adequate perception of climate change. However, it is evident that they have medium levels of knowledge about the scientific information that supports the subject. It was observed that there was a need to strengthen this knowledge in order to avoid barriers in transmitting the subject to the students. On the other hand, the teachers have a positive attitude towards contributing to the care of the environment. The study also recognizes the need to introduce pedagogical proposals that promote a better understanding of the subject and favors the training of future professionals in sustainability.

The area of digital skills currently in demand is key within university activities. The situation of the Covid-19 pandemic critically exposes the need to learn, innovate and implement virtual teaching strategies. Thus, to address the problem of digital skills, this educational case study was carried out. As a method of collecting information, the survey technique was used, with its instrument the Google Forms digital questionnaire. It was applied to 184 undergraduate students from the Polytechnic Faculty of the National University of Asunción. The population studied is young with a predominance of the female gender. Most of the participants use information and communication technologies ICT for the development of academic activities. University students naturally and efficiently incorporate technologies such as smartphones and laptops for the development of classes. For connections to virtual classes, the most used connection is Wi-Fi, followed by fiber optics; being the form of the development of virtual classes, mostly the mixed method, with synchronous and asynchronous classes. A good percentage of students attend classes regularly; the factor affecting attendance is the lack of internet connection. The most used application for student-teacher communication is the WhatsApp network; and among the managers to develop virtual classes, the most used are Moodle and Google Meet. The learning experience according to most students is good and average; stating, in a significant percentage, that the materials raised digitally on the platforms are extensive and difficult to understand. But, when evaluating the skills of the teachers, most of the students considered that they possess skills in the use of digital tools.

Education includes in its programs the teaching of socio-emotional skills so that students can have tools with which to face the challenges that await them in the future. The objective of this study was to diagnose these abilities in high school students from Durango, Mexico. The type of sampling used was non-probabilistic for convenience; conceptually defining social skills through the instrument of Goldstein’s Social Skills List. The results show a low performance within the categories of Advanced Social Skills, Alternative Skills to Aggression and Skills to Cope with Stress; with a normal level in Planning Skills, Skills Related to Feelings and First Social Skills. Regarding differences by gender, there is less mastery of social skills amongst men; who have a normal level only in planning skills and a low level in the others. The results highlight the importance of developing more research in this community which eliminates the limitations on accessing the population, as well as obtaining a guide to those skills which are necessary to tend to in order to prevent secondary students from dropping out of school.

A non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional design with an analytical scope was used. 50 people participated with an average age of 25.5 years (SD= 5.07), of which 54% were women. An average energy intake of 1464.4 Kcal (SD= 631.6) was found, with important variations according to gender, since said average varies from 1282.5 Kcal (SD= 349.6) for women and 1674.3 for Kcal (SD= 811.6), being a statistically significant difference (F= 12.23; p= 0.01). In addition, the composition of the Total Caloric Value (TCV) of men included a higher percentage of carbohydrates than women, while the opposite occurred with proteins and fats, since women reached a higher percentage of TCV for these macronutrients without show statistically significant differences. However, it was observed that the average caloric intake did not reach the reference nutritional recommendations, remaining well below. Similarly, the distribution percentages of macronutrients were not close to the reference ranges considered healthy for athletes, with the exception of proteins, which did fall within the appropriate range in both men and women.

The purpose of the research presented is to establish the degree of usefulness of flashcards, to teach foreign languages to students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). For this, a non-experimental methodology was applied with a transectional design. The sample consisted of 9 students with ASD, whose ages range from 12 to 14 years old. To collect the information, an estimation scale was applied during two moments, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the pedagogical cards. The results were processed using the statistical program IBM SPSS. The data obtained show that for the 3 types of autism that are studied, flashcards are an effective pedagogical instrument in the teaching of foreign languages.

The general objective of the work was to describe the importance of soybean production in the Paraguayan economy in the year 2021. An investigation was used through the documentary review technique, cross-sectional and descriptive. Publications on the production and commercialization of soybeans in Paraguay were analyzed through a search in academic Google. Paraguay is among the six largest soybean producers worldwide and the fourth largest exporter. Soybean exports have reached USD 2,975.1 million with 28.2% of the total share of exports registered in 2021. It is concluded that Paraguay is a relevant country for the production of soybeans and their production. as commercialization, moves other economic sectors of the country. Finally, the support of the State is recommended to encourage small producers in the cultivation of soybeans, with actions carried out through the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock.

La moda sostenible representa una alternativa a la moda convencional, en la que posicionar una propuesta de valor refleja la conjugación de diseño, cocreación y sosteniblidad en la producción de las prendas. Es por ello, que el objetivo de la investigación consiste en analizar el modelo de negocio de la marca de prendas sostenibles Ancestral de Paraguay, a través de la aplicación de la herramienta canvas. La metodología aplicada corresponde a un estudio de caso, de carácter cualitativo-descriptivo. Los datos recabados sobre dicha iniciativa fueron obtenidos a través de una entrevista en profundidad. Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran el trabajo colaborativo entre artistas del arte visual y grupos de artesanas de distintas localidades del país que se encuentran en condiciones de vulnerabilidad, una propuesta de negocios en el que se conjugan el diseño, la estética, el trabajo visual y la investigación que hace que el modelo cumpla con una labor social, una visión de consumo y producción responsable, un concepto de prendas con contenido, además de la revalorización y puesta en valor de la artesanía local. Se concluye que el modelo de negocio colaborativo está apoyado desde una perspectiva del slow fashion, comprometido con la sostenibilidad textil, promoviendo una industria respetuosa, una triangulación entre la artesanía, el valor y la producción. Se recomienda relacionar la propuesta de valor con un tipo de emprendimiento específico, (cooperativa, empresa B) de manera que se pueda potenciar su presencia como marca, así como construir una estructura de negocios sostenible en el tiempo.

The objective of the study is to determine the financial strategies applied by the autonomous business established on Alajuela Street in the city of Portoviejo in the face of the economic impact caused by the covid-19 pandemic. The research methodology used was a mixed approach, based on the statistical information provided by the Municipal Decentralized Autonomous Government of Portoviejo canton, and a thorough bibliographic review to theoretically support the object of study. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling it has applied, at the researcher’s discretion, in order to be able to work with the selected sample. The results showed that the autonomous commerce of Alajuela Street in the city of Portoviejo includes mostly informal merchants of various economic-productive sectors, such as clothing, clothing, shoes and lingerie, food and prepared food, office and school supplies, copiers, maintenance services, various technology; These businesses are regulated by the autonomous decentralized municipal government of the canton of Portoviejo, since merchants are not required to be part of trade organizations, nor are they required to keep accounts. In this regard, it was concluded that one of the financial strategies most applied by the autonomous commerce of Alajuela Street was the use of social networks to offer and consequently deliver the product or service at home, considering the reinvestment of the profit obtained as operating capital.