Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Sin resumen

The revitalization of historic cities begun in the 1970’s with the Bologna Plan has undergone a substantial change in the first years of the 21st century. To whit, at the current juncture the variables driving tourism policy are management strategies, the implementation of Local Agenda 21, and sustainable development in environmental terms. The objective is a healthy interdependence between the physical city and the way people live that will ensure an enjoyable quality of life for its inhabitants and its visitors. This article focuses on urban development strategies and pays special attention to development indicators and the management of tourist flows, emphasizing appreciation of the worth of cultural tourism and congresses. Finally, it concentrates on historic places, with special reference to the case of Toledo, underscoring characteristics such as ecology, physical dimensions, economics, housing, politics, capacity to accommodate visitors and the extent of urban environmental impact.

The WTO predicts that progressive growth in worldwide tourism will cause the Mediterranean seaside tourist industry to grow at a minimum annual rate of 3% until 2025. This prediction, together with the environmental degradation the Mediterranean has suffered since the 1960’s, makes necessary the implementation of an effective environmental policy that protects the quality of the tourist offering for coming years. The new frontier in sustainable development must involve Sustainable Tourism development programs and the conservation of natural and cultural resources and contribute to a better quality of life for the permanent population and tourists

The European Continent presents clearly differentiated and precise limits in its western part, but less defined in the Eastern one. Europe stretches from the northern tundra to the mediterranean and desertic climates in the South. It borders on the East with Asia, it shares the Atlantic with America and the Mediterranean with Africa and the Middle East. It shares the air with all the globe. From this perspective, the European landscape gains a new perspective. Thus, a first approach brings us close to conceptual issues (trying to answer what is and how one classifies landscapes). Quite a few are the people who have defined the geographical setting as the scenario or natural landscape in which human activities are carried out. There may not be a better way to express the kind of influence that the physical contour, the «environment», has on the animal, and specially on man. The territory influences on man, but, in which ways? Is man, as any vital organism, a reactive being? Undoubtely, the change brought about on him by any external circumstance is not an effect that follows the cause. Man, on the other hand, when he positions before his «setting,» perceives the landscape. This is an individual and philosophical act, that, as such, establishes to begin with differences among individuals, as it is difficult to encounter two people with the same visual characteristics. The perception of the landscape is influenced by the very own physiological characteristics of the human being, by his character and personality, and also by collective representations. Throughout this paper, we would like to show the importance the environment has on the European economic and human development, basis for the socalled natural wealth.

The article deals with the endowments, framework, principles and technical options open to discusión on greenhouse gas emission reductions facing next international negotiations round opened to be prepared at the end of Kyoto Protocol first period of commitments. Some of those basic topics of post-Kyoto architecture are analysed from the EU climate strategy perspective; in order to select the EU commitment regime for 2012 onwards, major technical and political issues and arguments are under consideration by the European Commission which are also revisited. The article includes references to major climate change scientific evidence and the costs and benefits of adaptation and mitigation actions.

The aims are to know since when there are records of the Middle Spotted Woodpecker presence in Iberia and if it’s still occupying the same localities that in early XX century. We check museum collections and did an exhaustive bibliographic search. Until 1973 it believes that there was only one population isolated in the Cantabrian Chain. Due to their recent discover populations, their abundance it’s now estimated in 1045-1205 pairs. There are only 9 specimens captured in the revised period: one male from Catalonia, at the Zoology Museum of Barcelona, and 8 specimens at the British Museum, used for the description of the lilianae subspecies. We consider that there are only 7 reliable historic records, restricted to: Pyrenees and Cantabrian Chain, and the centre of Portugal. Its presence at the Central Chain and Sierra Morena is uncertain, although we can’t discard it. Its occurrence in Portugal at XIX century indicates a bigger dispersion in the past. Their distribution and abundance knowledge seems to be a process not finished yet.

The concept dealt with is water supply, defined from a technical point of view, treating also its legal regulation in the context of the European and Spanish legislation. On describes in the role of the Tajo Hydrographic Confederation as a Managenent Entity in charge of the inspection and supervision of the water supply process throughout the Tajo Basin. The information provided is completed with the main performance on water supply in the Tajo Basin after creation of its Hydrograpic Confederation. The second part of the test is focused on river clean up. The term is thoroughly defined, and this is not easy, because it implies a large number of processes. Once this basis is established, the main characteristics of the Tajo Basin are developed from the point of clean up, the water quality in the Basin is assessed, and the different infrastructures, as well as the water purification systems are shown. The end presents the Automatic System of Information on Water Quality (SAICA, in Spanish). SAICA enables the Tajo Hydrographic Confederation to guarantee the quality of water in the Basin inside the Integral Cycle of Water.

The purpose of the present study is to assess the nutritional status of two populations of the Argentinean Puna that hold different socioeconomic conditions: Susques (Jujuy province) and Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca province). The sample consisted of 491 children aged 5 to 18 years old. It was measured weight, height and body mass index (BMI). The weight/age, height/age and BMI/age indexes were estimated and compared with the Frisancho´s (1990) and Cole´s et al. (2000) standard growth tables. Most of the subjects fell below the 50th percentile. The results of the direct anthropometric measurement showed high frequencies of underweight and stunting amongst both populations. Lower percentages of underweight and stunting were obtained when comparing the BMI. Boys and girls of Susques have a better nutritional condition than those from Antofagasta. These results could be explained for disparities in the socioeconomic conditions of both communities.

Main loss soil factors in the Community of Castilla La Mancha thought Landsat 5 and 7 satellite images over a twenty-seven year period (1987-2003) have been analysed. Nine areas have been chosen in order to detect the following problems: soil loss by sealing, salinization, run-off and aeolian erosion, contamination, hydromorphism and organic matter loss. These satellite images have been quite useful in order to carry out the evolution of vegetation loss, badlands processes, sealing, salinization, as well as to detect floodplain areas. On the contrary more spectral and spatial resolution sensors would be preferable for chemical contamination and loss of organic matter detection.

The receiver basin of Tajo-Segura transfer suffers from a deep natural shortage of water resources caused by climatic, hydrographical and hydrogeological agents. The sharp strong imbalance between water supply and demand is due to natural water resource shortage and to consumption increase and qualitative changes that have affected most uses since 1950. Once the causes of the structural drought of the Segura basin have been studied, we can see what its inhabitants have done throughout its history, which goes all the way back to the Middle Ages when the first projects were made to attempt to correct the lack of water by means of bringing it from nearby sources. A specific study of the Tajo-Segura transfer has been made, emphasising the strategic value of this infrastructure for Murcia and Alicante, since it supplies resources of high quality for agricultural use as well as drinking water managed by the “Community of the Taibilla Channels”. Finally, an analysis is made of the conflicts between the areas that must cede the water and those that receive it. The debate on the approval of the National Hydrological Plan has strengthened the criticism of the detractors against the transfer Tajo-Segura