Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

La última Asamblea de Facultad del año 1991 nos permitió disfrutar de un rato muy agradable, en el que varios compañeros y compañeras expusieron su talento artístico como contribución al punto que el Decano a.i., doctor Albam Brenes, incluyó en la agenda esa tarde.Hubo declamaciones, canto, piezas de guitarra, de piano y también coro de villancicos. Entre las declamaciones, destacó Claudio Monge por su originalidad. Él nos regaló esa tarde una hermosa colección de sus poemas que tituló “Mi primer recital. 

This document is based on the reading of collected by the surveys with the objective to relate the variables of poverty and ethnicity for the Peruvian case. One of its main results is that Peru is a country with an important indigenous population. Altogether the 33.7% of the Peruvian homes are indigenous homes, being the main ethnic group the one of Quechua speech (77% of the indigenous homes). These homes face indices of superior poverty mainly and extreme poverty that the non-indigenous homes: of the total of poor homes the 43.4% are indigenous, whereas the 52.4% of extreme the poor homes are indigenous. The obtained results show that although the being member of an indigenous home is related to the condition of poverty (the probability of being poor is greater 11% in the indigenous homes that in the non-indigenous homes), this relation varies from a region to another one, being narrower in area rural and nonexistent means in Metropolitan Lima. Also, along with the education, the experience and the region, the indigenous condition is excellent in the determination of the labor income, since the members of non-indigenous homes have labor income that practically double the income of the members of indigenous homes. But, the ethnic variable is not single in the characterization of the differences in the Peruvian homes, because in all the subjects treated in this document they appear two additional variables that are necessary to understand the differences: geographic location and gender.

This paper is a balance of the Peruvian economic policies, taken by government inthe last decade. We focus on determining, based on the available literature, whetheror not these polices have improved the economic well-being of poor people. Furthermore,this balance allow us to give the agenda for future research on these areas, aswell as to shed some light about the pro-poor necessary policies. There are several policies that have been taken into account in this balance. Macroeconomicpolicies; trade and investment policies; specific sector promotion policies(agriculture, industry and mining sector); labor (both formal and informal), capitaland land markets; regulation of goods and services markets (telecommunications andelectricity); taxation policies; public expenditure; security and risk management mechanismsand, finally, regional policies.

In this paper we present one of the origins of what is being called today: the “struggle against poverty”. We extract some of the main aspects of the proposal entitled The Concept of Poverty presented by the Chamber of Commerce of the USA in 1965. Our main point is that the nature of the poverty they try to confront corresponds to that existing in that country, and it is quite different from the one most massively present in underdeveloped countries.

La reseña no presenta resumen.

La nota no presenta resumen.

In this working paper an examination is made of the logical balance of the deductive argument that commonly appears in various economic texts to justify a system of patents of invention. The examination mentioned should be applied in times of radical technological change in the world to avoid a priori extensions of the legal and institutional protection provided by a system of patents of invention based on past technological realities. The result of the examination shows partial lack of balance when proper account is taken of the financial expenses and coordination efforts by governments as well as of the free distribution of useful knowledge in the fields of biotechnology and the Internet. To refer to that non-legitimate appropriation of public knowledge by the private sector the term ‘epistemo-piracy’ is coined by analogy with ‘bio-piracy’ of common use. The fields of biotechnology and the Internet were chosen because they are preponderant to explain the rise in the number of patents of invention in the world.

The current fiscal policy does not differentiate capital expenditure from current expenditure. Since the global deficit target is fixed according to the present fiscal policy rule, the non financial expenditure becomes pro cyclical, and the public investment is adjusted to meet the targeted deficit. As a result, the public investment has dramatically decreased which, in turn, has affected the international competitiveness and the economic and social development of the Peruvian society. This paper proposes: 1) change the public expenditure policy public investment by eliminating its pro cyclical bias; and 2) redefining the system of fiscal accounting. To meet this purposes the budget must be divided in two parts: the current budget with a saving or primary surplus target, and the investment expenditure based on a rule of directing the public debt only to finance this kind of expenditure over the economic cycle. This is the so called Public Investment Golden Rule. To this Golden Rule is added other according to which the ratio of public net debt must be sustainable during the economic cycle. Finally, it’s proposed to adopting the new IMF accounting system. The Golden Rule becomes pretty velar in the context of this new system. When the operational result becomes equal to cero, the net investment becomes equal to the public debt. Hence, the null operational result according to the new accounting system is the only one which is consistent with the Golden Rule.

La reseña no presenta resumen.

The article tries to complete the “overshooting” model of Dornsbusch, explicitly including a dynamic equation for the money market, because he treats this only in an intuitive way, as if there was an infinite speed of adjustment. After pointing out some errors in the original work, it is showed that the hypotheses made by Dornsbusch are sufficient for the completed model to exhibit the wanted “overshooting”.