ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Romeo Casabona*, Carlos María
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
aw concerning the human genome and biotechnologies has moved slowly -especially in the scope of International Law- from a soft law (juridical norms not essentially compulsory or coercive, but rather exhortative), towards a Law characterized by obligatory rules, backed, more and more frequently, by penalties and other juridical consequences.In this sense, we attend to the remodeling of values linked to the human genome, whose juridical protection might characterize them as subjective rights or juridical benefits. Among them we may point out: the need to respect the human being, both as a person and as belonging to the human species; the responsibility of today's generations in regard to the future ones; the protection of the human identity (personal and biological or genetic); the consideration of the human genome as humanity's patrimony; the acknowledgement of biological diversity, etc.
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
de Oliveira Leite, Eduardo
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
In this monograph, the author examines the existing relationship between the juridical and ethical scopes, emphasizing especially the present status of the subject in Brasil. Accordingly, he points out that Law, as an imperative norm, has found great difficulty in establishing rules for bioethical matters, because it rules simultaneously with other normative systems that are not issued by the public authorities, but by the scientific community. Nevertheless, its juridical's recognition legitimates them because it reflects the predominant values in society, allowing them to be inserted in the social system.
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Bergel, Salvador Darío
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
The evolution of human genetics, from the fifties onwards, acted as a trigger for multiple fields, especially for those dealing with bioethics and law. Many of the advances accomplished may touch human dignity and, at the same time, they impel the creation of new human rights.On the basis of these premises the author analyses the most significant impacts of the new genetics upon society: the danger of a new eugenism, genetic discrimination, manipulation of genetic information, problems derived from the investigation on the genome, the appropriation of human genetic material; indicating, in conclusion some paths to follow.
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Zorrilla Fuenzalida, Sergio
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Lolas Stepke, Fernando
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
This paper emphasizes the need to integrate bioethical reflection with the results of empirical social sciences, defined as those disciplines which describe and predict behavior of individuals and groups and strive at general causality principles. Cultivating such disciplines enriches descriptive and prescriptive aspects of assertions regarding what is right and wrong and permits modulation of moral judgement. The goal is to analyze the influence of context on moral decision making and to submit to empirical study even the practice of bioethics. Finally, some observations are put forward on the convenience of developing a Latin American bioethics intellectually respectable and with the possibility of placing itself creatively in global thinking.
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Maffesoli, Michel; Agar Corbinos, Lorenzo
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
Urban areas are experiencing a latent rebellion, which is manifesting itself in numerous forms; each wave the culmination of increasing variety and imagination. Violence, a physical expression of this rebellion captures the hatred felt towards the establishment, in particular towards the prevailing social networks and societal relationships currently in force. It is therefore necessary to reflect upon the unthinkable, over that which we have considered unthinkable since the non-rational: to think that the non-rational is far from being irrational. The spirit of this great social asepsis has sought to expel the darkness, which corrodes both the body of the individual and society as a whole. Analysis, in terms of social contract, citizenship, and a democratic ideal has been incapable of explaining the aforementioned detonation of tribal passion and emotion. The question that we now face is how must we confront this flammable reality within the bounds of normative ethics and morality.
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Von Engelhardt, Dietrich
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
Euthanasia refers to man's self image and his world's image; also to understanding sickness and death. In ancient times it meant an honorable and pleasant death and not the end of an active life. The art of death in the Christian Middle Ages was part of the art of life. And he, who understands life, must know death too. Nowadays, medical, psychological and sociological studies have lead to new knowledge about handling death and dying.Death refers to different scopes: physical desintegration, social isolation, sadness of living and fear of death. Social death may happen before physical death and spiritual death before the soul's death.
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Gracia Guillén, Diego
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
Human Beings are respectable because they are Human Beings; not because they have the same worth or share the same beliefs. A new generation of human rights necessitates a new process of legitimization of political institutions. This is the essence of "Democracy and Bioethics". Life as we know it is under threat and from there emerges the importance of formulating a new table of human rights; ecological and environmental rights; the rights of different groups within society and the rights of future generations.These new rights are global and therefore demand a new type of democracy; it is this call for a global democracy, which must be discussed. Bioethics, in essence is a process of deliberation and discussion and therefore it is fitting that bioethics should provide the arena for discussion. It is important to realize that one day, deliberative democracy could be the reality, and be responsible for establishing a debate which reflects the diversity of ideas within society.
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Año:
2002
ISSN:
1726-569X, 0717-5906
Arnold Cathalifaud, Marcelo
Universidad de Chile. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética
Resumen
In this article social system theory was applied in order to analyze the repercussions of bioscientific applications in contemporary society, and furthermore in order to explain the risk status of a habitual means of communication. From this perspective, genetic research is treated as an emerging problem one, which is self-made, that aims at situations which Latin American society has only just recently begun to face. The objectives of this study were to relate, from an observation of the second order, reports that were from genetically modified foodstuffs to the expectations generated by genetics research. Finally, this article indicates that the complexity is raised in social operations which will involve communication in genetics, communication that will guide its evolution, as is the case with communication in Bioethics.
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