Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The city is the place par excellence for exchange and meeting of its citizens, particularly in its public spaces, which manifest changes in their constitution and appropriation. Their recovery is necessary, as a way to consolidate local and cultural identity. The research goal was to propose a urban design for the public space of Los Pinos, on the La Risueña canal area and its area of influence, in the city of Santiago de Cuba. Theoretical methods are applied in the analysis of previous experiences, and practical ones, for diagnosis and design. A design solution for urban rehabilitation is provided that articulates and qualifies the urban environment, with social integration and community participation. The design solutions provided illustrate actions that can be undertaken in the La Risueña channel, and the advantages of influencing the consolidated urban fabric, to improve the quality of life of its inhabitants.

The Fontanar neighborhood is an exponent of the Cuban urban-architectural development of the 50s, which has been little studied up to now. This work had the objective of making an urban and architectural characterization of the neighborhood, through the integration of natural and built components, in its historical and social evolution. It starts from a systemic and integrated approach in the management of the natural and built environment, supported by the theories of Systems and Complexity, with emphasis on the integrated management of physical- environmental variables. An analysis methodology is provided, and a documentary base of the neighborhood, useful for its future development, and for the knowledge of the urbanization processes of Havana. Conclusion: The Fontanar neighborhood stands out for its urban and architectural functionality and its gradual socio-spatial integration, expressed in constructive and stylistic transformations that have not affected its original expression, giving it value as an urban sector.

The “trabajo de diploma” (capstone project) is the final assignment traditionally completed to fulfill the requirements of the Architecture and Urban planning degree in Cuba, which was modified in 2020 as a result of sanitary measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this research was to evaluate the results of the assignment in December 2022 at the School of Architecture, CUJAE. The methods applied in the research were the review of normative documents, the consultation with professors from other universities, the analysis of data from the period, and a survey of participant’s opinions. The article characterizes the development of the exercise, the modifications recently introduced, the results obtained, as well as the assessment made by the participants in the process. It also offers recommendations for future improvement. This research concludes that the diversification of the final assignment was positive and that it has the overwhelming approval of the faculty.

The research had the objective of making a characterization of the architecture of the Modern Movement of the former province of Las Villas (1946-1960), little studied to date. Files from the College of Architects, archival documents and periodicals were consulted to formulate working hypotheses. The most significant works, which make up the study sample, were corroborated in field work. The characterization includes the themes, authors and periods of greatest production. It delves into housing according to predominant typologies, and in warehouses and shops, exponents of an incipient industrial architecture. Works of a singular nature that respond to different themes are also defined. Housing was the most relevant architectural theme of the period, accompanied by an important volume of industrial and commercial works, and other public buildings. The works were executed with state investment, or with private capital, mainly by local architects, affiliated with the College of Architects of Las Villas.

The real estate boom in Argentina in 2003 used housing as a financial asset (investment, capital protection) without financing for the middle and lower-middle class. Only in 2011, the State begins to respond with various programs and/or credits. The objective is to analyze the instruments of public financing (national and provincial) and the data of the applications, for access to land and housing, taking Rosario as a case study, a city with the largest amount of built surface per inhabitant and 3rd in housing deficit. The methodology is based on content analysis of written documents and observation techniques on images. So far, five programs have been approved and four executed, adding a total of 38 218 requests. It is concluded that the location did not contribute to consolidate the urban fabric, consummating the right to housing, but postponing the right to the city.

The contemporary expansion of flags to various uses and on various supports has generated new challenges to legal instruments and to vexillology, a relatively recent scientific discipline. Giant images of national flags painted over buildings surfaces and sculptures have been quite questionable. The present work had as objectives, to elucidate, from vexillology, the relevance of stamping permanent images of national flags on buildings, and the conflict when using them as artistic criteria in architectural forms and sculptural works. Theoretical methods of bibliographic searches and historical analysis of previous cases were used. Research results have revealed that there are not vexillological rules, nor legal requirements, to govern the use of national flags images over solid supports. It is concluded that appropriate regulations should be elaborated to avoid undesirable results in architecture and other solid surfaces.

Introducción: Las enfermedades no transmisibles se han erigido como las principales causas de muerte en el mundo, representando en 2019, 73,6 % del total de muertes por todas las causas. En Cuba por estas enfermedades fallecieron 81,5 % del total de fallecidos por todas las causas. La mortalidad prematura por enfermedades cardiovasculares, resultó ser 34,7 % del total de fallecidos prematuramente a nivel global.Objetivo: Describir la mortalidad por enfermedades isquémicas del corazón, cerebrovasculares e hipertensivas en Cuba, en el decenio 2011-2020.Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio ecológico longitudinal descriptivo de la mortalidad anual por enfermedades isquémicas del corazón, cerebrovasculares e hipertensivas en Cuba, en el decenio 2011-2020. Se tuvieron en cuenta, las tasas de mortalidad brutas por esas dolencias. Los anuarios estadísticos publicados por la Dirección de Registros Médicos y Estadísticas de Salud, del Ministerio de Salud Pública de esos años, fueron la fuente de información.Resultados: Las tasas de mortalidad anual por las enfermedades isquémicas del corazón, cerebrovasculares e hipertensivas en Cuba mostraron globalmente tendencias al incremento en el decenio 2011-2020, más pronunciada en el caso de las enfermedades hipertensivas. Se observó un incremento en las tasas de mortalidad prematura por dichas enfermedades.Conclusiones: La hipertensión arterial constituye un severo problema de salud en Cuba, tanto como causa de muerte, como factor de riesgo atribuible para la mortalidad por enfermedades isquémicas del corazón y cerebrovasculares.

Introducción. Las infecciones del tracto urinario son un problema de salud pública ya que afectan a millones de personas, genera altos costos y aumento de la morbi-mortalidad de pacientes afectados.Objetivo: Determinar el patrón de resistencia antibiótica en uropatógenos bacterianos aislados de pacientes en una institución hospitalaria de Valledupar.Material Y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, para análisis de 142 resultados de urocultivos positivos procesados en el sistema automatizado MicroScan. Los fenotipos de resistencia de cada género bacteriano y la producción de betalactamasas de espectro extendido en enterobacterias se evidenciaron mediante el análisis de la concentración mínima inhibitoria de cada antibiótico, generado por el método Microdilución en caldo.Resultados. De los cultivos, 133 aislados fueron enterobacterias, 5 bacilos Gram negativos no fermentadores y 4 cocos Gram positivos. Escherichia coli y Klebsiella pneumoniae fueron los géneros más aislados 82,4 % y 11,3 % respectivamente. De estos, 27,8 % fueron productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido. Se evidenció un mayor fenotipo de resistencia en Escherichia coli para antibióticos betalactámicos aminoglucósidos y (23,6 % a 71 %), aún mayor en enterobacterias productoras de betalactamasas (18,1 % a 10 %). La resistencia antibiótica para bacilos Gram negativos no fermentadores y cocos Gram positivos fue baja, evidenciaron, en su mayoría, un fenotipo silvestre.Conclusiones. Las enterobacterias ocuparon el primer lugar de aislamientos en urocultivos, resultados similares a lo documentado a nivel mundial. El porcentaje de estas bacterias con betalactamasas de espectro extendido, sugieren una mayor vigilancia en la presión selectiva de antibióticos, dado el patrón de multirresistencia antibiótica y las consecuencias para instaurar el tratamiento.

Los investigadores y académicos que deseen proponer trabajos para su publicación en la RIES deberán presentarlos de acuerdo con estos lineamientos.