Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Este estudio tuvo por objetivo comprender la identidad docente de educadoras de párvulos en formación inicial desde la valoración de la profesión. La metodología consistió en una investigación de campo, con diseño cualitativo y alcance descriptivo que indaga las textualidades de 41 estudiantes del séptimo semestre de la carrera de Educación de Párvulos de una universidad chilena. Se aplicó un formulario con preguntas abiertas y semiestructuradas, y los datos fueron procesados mediante un análisis de contenido temático con apoyo del software New NVivo. Se devela una dimensión afectiva de la identidad docente, junto a una dimensión vocacional profesional. Resulta de interés el contraste entre las categorías relacionadas al vínculo, la afectividad y confianza; junto a otras que apuntan a lo vocacional y trascendencia y/o significado de ser docente. En conclusión, en la identidad profesional de las futuras educadoras investigadas predomina lo afectivo por encima de lo vocacional profesional, lo que indica una transición entre visiones tradicionales que desvalorizan la profesión docente, hacia posturas más profesionales; hecho tensionado entre la posición individual de las futuras educadoras y visiones colectivas -familia, amigos, otros-. Para el resguardo del rigor científico se consideró criterios como credibilidad, transferibilidad, dependibilidad y conformabilidad.

La imagen institucional de una universidad puede verse influenciada por diversos factores internos de la organización. Comprender cómo inciden estos elementos es crucial para optimizar la percepción y la reputación de las universidades, especialmente en un contexto de alta competitividad. En este sentido, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto del liderazgo transformacional, la cultura organizacional y el aprendizaje organizacional sobre la imagen institucional en un conjunto de instituciones de educación superior. Este estudio de carácter exploratorio se basó en la aplicación de una encuesta a 320 estudiantes de las facultades de Ingeniería y Educación de cuatro universidades ubicadas en el norte de Chile. Mediante modelos de regresión lineal múltiple, los resultados revelaron que tanto la cultura como el aprendizaje organizacional ejercen una influencia significativa en la imagen institucional. Se concluye que las universidades deben priorizar la construcción y fortalecimiento de su imagen, considerando la cultura y el aprendizaje organizacional como pilares estratégicos en su gestión.

Public policies generally originate at the formal level, through legal instruments such as laws, decrees, guidelines, or directives, depending on the state institution that issues them, whether the Legislative Branch, the Executive Branch, or other bodies empowered to do so. These instruments, developed through normative procedures, generally reflect negotiation processes between different social sectors interested in the issue the policy addresses. However, there is often a gap, sometimes small or sometimes significant, between the promulgation of public policy and its effective implementation. This gap can manifest itself in substantive terms, when the actual execution differs significantly from the literal content of the legal instrument that establishes it. In some cases, what is implemented is minimal; in others, a coherent application is achieved that faithfully reflects what was promulgated. The magnitude of this gap depends largely on the power dynamics between the social actors involved, who, in many cases, participated in the initial stages of formulation. Understanding these tensions and challenges is essential for critically analyzing the life cycle of a public policy, from its normative inception to its actual impact on society.

This work analyzes the discourse of the Mexican State on development for the implementation of the Mayan Train (TM) megaproject, which contains a neo-colonial and modernity process, but, in the end, it comes to implement the rationalist process ofcapital. in the region. Likewise, it is reviewed how through the implementation of this policy agency was achieved within the subaltern struggle of the Regional Indigenous and Popular Council of Xpujil S.C. The Council, through legal struggle, obtained thecancellation of the project on its territory. However, the project continues in execution despite the protection achieved.

Social policy, by itself, has different intrinsic principles that lead to the improvement of democracy in the country. Public policies in this field seek the reduction of specific privileges, which would lead to fair and equitable access to rights. In this regard, Mexico is taken as a case study to formulate public policy proposals that seek the effective incorporation of historically discriminated populations, and that, in addition, recognize the principle of equality as a normative foundation towards the search for a minimum floor guaranteed by the State, such as the Universal Basic Income (IBU, by its Spanish acronym) in our country.

The study scope is to analyze the incursion of women in the First Republic Power in Costa Rica from 1949 to 2022, from a gender perspective. This is a descriptive research, under the qualitative analysis approach, establishing from a gender approachas an epistemological framework. Data collection was documentary. It is concluded that the struggles against political discrimination have led to changes in legislation and greater participation and representation of women in elected positions such as deputies, but the road is not yet complete. 

The book Naturalezas neoliberales. Conflictos en torno al extractivismo urbano-inmobiliario, coordinated by Patricia Pintos and Sofia Astelarra (2023), is reviewed. It maps contemporary practices of urban-real estate extractivism and the resistance of vulnerable populations in an interdisciplinary way. Its contribution consists of providing conceptual tools about models of capital accumulation and neoliberal practices; generating diagnoses for the monitoring of urban-environmental real estate conflicts; and highlighting the potential and political creativity of local.

The objective of this article is to analyze, from the perspective of Marxist dependency theory, the dependency relations of the Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada. To this end, it examines the settlement enterprises and economic modernization projects promoted by the Spanish State during the Bourbon reformism in the second half of the 18th century. The study offers an explanation of the failure of these initiatives and the consequent underdevelopment of the viceregal capitals.

Chronic marijuana use has been linked to negative effects on executive functions, but there is uncertainty with recreational, sporadic, and non-dependent use. This article reports and analyzes the results of a systematic review of the evidence that has evaluated this issue specifically in young people. Only two studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified in the OVID, Embase and EBSCO databases. They showed that recreational sporadic cannabis use was associated with alterations in working memory and a reduction in the number of correct decisions in a psychometric test. 

Costa Rican social welfare policy changed with the implementation of the “Sistema Nacional de Registro Único de Beneficiarios del Estado”, a system that not only reproduces the logic of targeting and uses Artificial Intelligence for population selection, but also impacts the work processes of professionals historically embedded in these socio-occupational spaces. Given this scenario, this article analyzes the impact of this system on the role of Social Work within welfare programs since 2017.