Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The aim of this study is to analyze the inequalities existing in Spain both in the risk of social exclusion in the educational dimension and in public expenditure on education. Adopting a territorial perspective, firstly, a synthetic index of exclusion in the educational sphere is constructed by means of factor analysis. Three factors have been extracted that explain the variability of the autonomous community data on exclusion in education (School failure, High school group size and Schooling), elaborating from them the index of educational exclusion that allows the autonomous communities to be ranked according to their results. Secondly, we examine the divergence of regional public spending on education. Comparing the two territorial classifications obtained, in terms of risk of educational exclusion and regional spending on education, the Basque Country and Navarre occupy the best positions; on the other hand, Extremadura and the Balearic Islands are among the worst situated. There is a high correlation between the exclusion index in education and the AROPE rate. Likewise, its link with regional educational expenditure is confirmed, corroborating the relevance of equalizing the investment effort of the autonomous regions in education in order to promote greater social and territorial cohesion in Spain.

We present an exploratory study of Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) surveys that focused on analyzing the major dropdowns that sometimes occur in SET scores of those university teachers who teach the same subject for at least two consecutive years. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to identify those SET survey items associated with major dropdowns in teacher evaluations. The sample comprised SET surveys ratings from one Spanish University over five years, for a total of 2,284 different teacher-subject pairs under analysis. The 5% percentile of the differences between the teacher and subject SET ratings in two consecutive years was used as the cut-off point to identify major dropdowns. Frequency tables were used for analysis. The results highlighted SET survey items related to teaching methodology as those most associated with major dropdowns in teachers’ ratings. In particular, the item concerning teachers’ compliance with class schedules showed the highest frequency of occurrence. Beyond the specific scores obtained or the specific items in which major dropdowns may take place, in this study we discuss the importance of incorporating major dropdowns analysis to SET surveys reports in the future.

The main objective of this study was to find out whether there are differences in attitudes towards students with disabilities depending on the type of disability in the subject of physical education. This is a descriptive-cross-sectional study involving 273 students aged between 12 and 16 from two public high schools. Each participant completed one of two questionnaires on attitudes towards visual disability (CAIPE-Vi) or intellectual disability (CAIPE-In). Subsequently, the results were analysed using the SPSS programme to determine possible correlations and significant differences between the variables. In general, most of the subjects showed favourable attitudes towards the inclusion of students with disabilities. However, visual disability was more accepted than intellectual disability (p < 0.05), and the type of disability showed to be significantly associated with students’ attitudes. These results suggest the need to carry out specific intervention programmes to better understand intellectual disability in order to avoid discrimination towards this group. Furthermore, girls showed more favourable attitudes towards inclusion than boys, as well as students who considered themselves more inclusive and less competitive. Age was also related to attitudes towards disability

Personal assistance is a key instrument for the promotion of personal autonomy and independent living by persons with disabilities. Its implementation in Spain came with Law 39/2006, of December 14, on the promotion of personal autonomy and care for people in situations of dependency. Currently, the training that professionals who practice it must have is the subject of debate. Therefore, official data from the System for Autonomy and Attention to Dependency are used and a quantitative-qualitative study was carried out with an ad-hoc questionnaire, with open and closed questions, distributed to 52 professionals between 23 and 57 years old (M=33,29; SD=8,39). The information collected was analyzed quantitatively with SPSS 22 and qualitatively with NVivo 12. A large majority of professionals are women and from their discourse it is clear that they feel the need of greater training to execute a more respectful and higher quality service. In conclusion, personal assistance does not have the expected relevance in Spain andit seems that the option for professionals to have university-based training to practice it would be interesting based on their experiences

A pesar de que la Era Victoriana ha sido analizada como un periodo de esclavización, colonialismo y raza  basado en una supremacía autoadjudicada, poca atención se les ha prestado a las implicaciones ecológicas de dicho imperialismo y a las advertencias que trabajos literarios como The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde de Robert Louis Stevenson. El presente ensayo se suma a la creciente literatura que analiza literatura victoriana retrospectivamente a través de la edad geológica conocida como Antropoceno, ya que, como propone Taylor, "los estudios victorianos en el Antropoceno […] se alinean con el período histórico durante el cual surgió esta era" (574). A partir del análisis de The Strange Case de Stevenson, este ensayo identifica advertencias acerca del cambio hacia la industrialización que  amenazaba el periodo victoriano, y ofrece también posibles implicaciones de dicho cambio. Asimismo, se enfatiza  en la imaginería de la novela como evocadora de una fascinación por el distopianismo, la cual es articulada a través del proceso de autocreación monstruosa de Dr. Jekyll. Por lo tanto, este artículo se divide en tres secciones principales. La primera es una introducción al contexto histórico que tuvo lugar antes de la época victoriana, haciendo  énfasis en la transición de la Inglaterra romántica y pastoral cuando los románticos "no reconocían una separación radical entre el yo y la naturaleza" (Reed 364) a la industrial y utilitaria (Dimmock). La segunda sección trata de ilustraciones y argumentos de comportamientos ecológicamente monstruosos de la época victoriana materializados en The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Por último, la tercera sección aborda cuestiones (a) morales durante dicha época victoriana, las cuales, a su vez, podrían convertirse en advertencias no escuchadas por futuras generaciones.

En esta investigación se presenta un análisis metacrítico y epistemológico, desde la crítica y la historiografía literaria, alrededor del marco de tensiones generadas sobre el ambivalente proceso de formación de una “generación emergente” o “nueva generación”, nada nueva hoy. Esto genera un campo minado presto para su análisis que parte, como principal objeto de estudio, de la Antología de Poesía Joven. Nueva Poesía Costarricense (2020), donde se analizan algunos de sus poemas. A su vez, alrededor de esta antología existe un marco de disyuntivas y ambivalencias a partir de edades y etiquetas como: “poesía joven”, “nueva generación”, “generación crisálida” y “generación emergente”. Al respecto, se colocaron fechas y lugares de nacimiento más una base de datos agregada en notas finales (notas 11 y 37), con el objetivo de aportar información a futuros (as) investigadores (as) y personas interesadas en este tema. Por último, se defiende, a modo de consideraciones finales abiertas a más diálogos, cómo el intento de crear una “nueva generación”, tomando la Antología de Poesía Joven. Nueva Poesía Costarricense (2020) como puente, no es el camino recomendado para dirigir un norte en la poesía costarricense actual, pues la permuta en los paradigmas poéticos no es un asunto de edades, sino epistemológico, justo punto donde, respondiendo a los criterios de Zavala (2007 y 2008) se hace un llamado a grupos de investigadores (as) comprometidos (as) con el seguimiento del presente tema.

En cuestión de pocos días desde que en marzo de 2020 se detectó en Costa Rica el primer caso de Covid-19, la pandemia golpeó con la fuerza de un mazo las finanzas de los medios de comunicación costarricenses y aceleró un proceso de deterioro financiero que las empresas periodísticas alrededor del mundo -entre estas La Nación- comenzaron a experimentar desde 2008. Este trabajo analiza los cambios que experimentaron en sus dinámicas de trabajo los medios de circulación nacional en los seis meses que siguieron al 6 de marzo de 2020, cuando el Gobierno anunció el primer contagio en el país. El virus sorprendió a los medios costarricenses sin haber resuelto el dilema de cómo reinventarse para sobrevivir y mantener su vigencia. La pandemia aceleró, como nunca antes, el proceso de erosión del modelo de la publicidad como base financiera de las empresas periodísticas. Para medir el impacto no solo desde el punto de vista laboral, sino también económico, fue necesario entrevistar a periodistas de esos medios y emprender una revisión de los reportes de ventas por publicidad presentados al Colegio de Periodistas. Existen razones para pensar que la era de los grandes medios llegó a su final

En este artículo, el autor describe la importancia del escritor costarricense Francisco Zúñiga Díaz como líder y responsable del famoso taller literario que lleva su nombre, desarrollado en el Instituto Nacional de Seguros (INS) y fundado en 1979 para reunir a los trabajadores/as del INS interesados en la poesía y la narración.

Mass media outlets have political agendas and, for that reason, how they approach specific subjects has the purpose of influencing the receptor's opinion. Taking that reasoning as a starting point, this document analyzed how a Costarican media, newspaper La Nación, approached the subject of the discussion and later approval of the bill of law no. 21. 049, best known as the “Law to Regulate Strikes.” The research was focused on understanding how this media elaborated its narrative and manifested its ideological stand throughout the journalistic coverage of this bill of law. To achieve this, both the content and framing of a selection of publications by the media regarding this subject were analyzed. The results exposed how La Nación elaborated a discourse characterized by the utilization of a tendentious vocabulary, that highlighted the necessity of approving this law by its association with the maintenance of public order, and also constructed an ideological enemy through generalization and minimization of the opposition’s voices. This confirms that La Nación carried out a biased coverage that empowered the political figures who promoted this bill of law and weakened those who opposed it.