ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Rodríguez, José Luis
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
In this paper, the role that Cuba has played in the International Economy is analyzed from four aspects: Cuban insertion in the international economy between 1959 and 1989, a period that was characterized by its growing participation in the system of international socialist division of the job; The Cuban economy in the system of the socialist international division of labor until 1989; The reinsertion of Cuba into the international economy since 1990, where the transformations adopted during the last three years place this country in a more favorable position to face its reinsertion into the world economy in the medium term and, finally, the challenges for the Cuban economy in the nineties and the new markets.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Carriazo Moreno, George
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
The economic relations between Cuba and the United States have generally been subordinated to the political relations between both countries and framed within the geopolitical interests of the United States, on the one hand, and by the struggle for the national independence of Cuba, on the other. This work attempts to address the issue of economic relations between Cuba and the United States, after the triumph of the Cuban Revolution in 1959 to date. The most significant moments in the evolution of these relationships are highlighted, as well as some considerations about their possible future evolution, taking into account the most recent changes that have taken place on the island.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Roca, Sergio G.
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
This paper explores the evolution of Cuban revolutionary thought about Cuba and the international economy prior to the socialist collapse through its development in the island's economic magazines. The information sources (magazines) that make up the research database are presented and evaluated, as well as a discussion of various factors influencing the quality and usefulness of the information (policy, availability). Then an analysis and assessment of Cuban economic thinking is carried out on six topics: economic integration, unequal exchange, foreign debt, bilateral relations with the Soviet Union, prices and exchange rates, and diversification/industrialization.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Internacionales, Estudios
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Thibaut, Bernhard
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
After the re-democratizing wave in Latin America and the Third World, there is great interest in analyzing whether presidentialism is compatible with the establishment of stable democracies. From a comparative perspective, the first part of this work presents the arguments against presidentialism, according to its theoretical-methodological scope. Then the criticisms of this system in the historical experiences of the Southern Cone countries are analyzed. Finally, the preference of many Latin Americans for a semi-presidential system, according to the model of the French Fifth Republic, stands out. It is concluded that in most of the cases considered here, it is not possible to know if a semi-presidential or parliamentary system would improve the opportunities for the consolidation of democracy, but it is important that social scientists empirically study the conditions for the stabilization of presidential democracies.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Bradford, Colin I.
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
In Latin America there has been a great distance between economic thought and practice: debates on economic policy have broadened rather than narrowed the alternatives. For this reason, this work attempts to establish a framework to reflect on the future of the region in which various topics are included and some problems are identified to continue the discussion. Thus, a strategy for dynamic development requires a synthesis vision that combines various elements: in addition to macroeconomic stability, the liberalization of foreign trade and the elimination of obstacles to the private sector, it must consider innovative policies oriented towards technological change; State reform, focused on greater equity, efficiency and participation; and environmental sustainability. In this sense, researchers and intellectuals must take on new tasks, incorporating the aforementioned aspects with a systemic approach and opening up to all responsible actors.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Toro Dávila, Agustín
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
Faced with a possible new international order, it is important to establish the influence of outer space in it. In the Cold War scheme, the relations between the States were characterized by a rigid political-strategic bipolarism, in which both blocks tried to mutually surpass each other to break the balance of power. If there was parity in some fields, it did not exist in the air and outer space, unleashing a race between the two superpowers. In the present work, it is proposed that in the face of an eventual new political order in the world, the military use of space reaches special significance. Today, the United States is the power that dominates space. The disintegrated Soviet Union and the developing countries are marginalized, which could lead to scientific-technological apartheid that would leave them in a disadvantageous position.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Ffrench-Davis Muñoz, Ricardo
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
If the eighties were a lost decade for Latin America, today the region looks to the future with optimism and its economic growth is expected to be sustainable and equitable. Bearing in mind the above, in this work the causes and consequences of indebtedness are explained. Then, reference is made to the current reality and whether or not the debt problem has been solved. Finally, the fundamental issues to face the situation are listed: the current debt and its effects; the conditionality of multilateral institutions; compensation mechanisms against price variations, interest rates and external financing; international liquidity and, finally, how to tackle poverty.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Stewart Stokes, Hamish
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Canada and the United States established the basis for the subsequent creation of the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA). Despite the economic and geographic differences, Chile can learn from the Canadian experience, as there are similarities in their positions for negotiating a free trade agreement with the United States. Thus, this paper analyzes the background of the Canadian decision to seek an agreement of this type, the essential points and objectives of its negotiators and the results, in addition to the effects of the first time of operation. Finally, the main lessons for Chile are mentioned: obtaining an acceptable mechanism for the solution of commercial disputes; take advantage of NAFTA's advent clause instead of bilaterally attempting a new agreement and seeking support within the United States.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Pinochet de la Barra, Oscar
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
This paper recalls, from the personal perspective of a delegate present at this Conference, the gestation and configuration of the historic Antarctic Treaty of 1959. This negotiation made it possible for the continent to be born with its own laws and personality for the benefit of all humanity. In a context of the Cold War, it is emphasized that this Treaty could only be possible thanks to a spirit of mutual support, constituting an ingenious solution that left all parties calm. Among other things, are mentioned: its causes, the difficult negotiations; the importance of article IV; the topics that were included, such as the protection of the environment; its duration and the performance of key figures.
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