ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Russell, Roberto
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
With the intention of approaching the reality of the "new world order" from different perspectives, in the first place, some clarifications are made about the concept of world order itself. Some ideas are developed that contribute to the current debate in Latin America on the transformations of the international system, focusing on three macro issues: what features does this new order have and how it differs from that of the Cold War; what are the likely scenarios and; the impact of changes in the foundations of the global order on the nature of international relations. It is concluded that the current geopolitical map does not only constitute a confrontation between forces of integration and fragmentation, but that it is necessary to add to the inconsistencies of the temporal gap between changes in the bases of the global order and the real possibilities of adopting policies according to such changes.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Perina, Rubén M.
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
This paper is a review of Thomas Carothers' work on the Reagan administration's policy towards Latin America and his contribution to the democratization of the region (In the Name of Democracy. U.S. Policy Towards Latin America in the Reagan Years). What the book raises about political assistance and democracy promotion programs is mainly criticized. Reference is made to this matter highlighting the importance and validity of this type of programs. It is argued that although these point to formal aspects of democracy, they influence a series of other factors that effectively help its establishment and consolidation.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Gutiérrez B., Hernán
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
The profound political and economic changes in the Asia-Pacific region have influenced ASEAN's foreign policy. To understand this, in the present work a characterization of this association is carried out, mentioning its objectives, mechanisms and functioning over time. In addition, its institutional evolution is explained, mentioning its different stages. To assess the future of ASEAN, important aspects of the socio-political structure of its member countries and the characteristics of the development model are highlighted, pointing out its typical features and the central role played by the State. The impact of Japan on the regional economic order and the importance of the intensity of economic relations with North America are also analyzed. In the geostrategic sphere, it emphasizes the fluidity of the regional security system and the fears that the North American presence will diminish, in a scenario determined by the intensification of subregional conflicts.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Bizzozero R., Lincoln J.
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
The multiple connection channels that exist between Latin America and the European Community have increased the negotiation margins of the MERCOSUR countries. To verify the above, this paper first analyzes the institutional approach between the two regions and the formalization of a cooperation agreement, which is largely due to the priority that Spain has assigned to the region. We then refer to the problems of an agreement in the commercial sphere, the presence that the Community has in this regard in the subregion and the non-tariff barriers that it applies. Finally, it is concluded that the reforms in the agricultural sector (PAC), the concretization of the cooperation agreement, the industrial collaboration and the reorientation of the foreign policies of the MERCOSUR countries, show that there would indeed be a new link parameter.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Fernández Ordóñez, Miguel A.
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
To try to learn lessons from the Spanish process, it is necessary to understand that the experience of this country in the eighties is unrepeatable due to historical and geographical factors. However, there are aspects that, without being singular or unique, can still be imitated. From this perspective, and with the understanding that not all its problems have been solved, this paper explains the keys to Spain's economic success: the adjustment policies applied, the accession to the European Economic Community, the favorable international environment and the economic and political heritage. It is concluded that the economic policy applied by this country is ultimately the easiest to copy and the least original of the Spanish case.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Elorza, Francisco Javier
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
Integration is always a more difficult operation to carry out for States with different socio-economic structures. This paper mentions the various factors and conditions that influence the integration of these countries. Reference is made to the experience of the European Community since its origins and how the different States have been incorporated. The Spanish case is described and its situation is analyzed upon entering the Community as well as the positive subsequent results, explaining the factors that have intervened in the process of adjustment of its economy. Finally, reference is made to how the notion of solidarity has changed in the organization and what is expected in the future in this regard.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Rojas Aravena, Francisco
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
The changes that have occurred in various parts of the world in recent years have meant a profound transformation in the international system. In current processes, not only security issues are involved. At the same time, the great changes in Latin America –economic and political openness– make it necessary to seek new forms of cooperation, especially with the hemispheric power. For all the above, a pattern of associative relationship must be generated to face the challenges, reconciling interests and defining spaces for cooperation. In this context, and in response to the creation of commercial blocks, the Americas Initiative is located. This paper explains what it consists of, what it represents for the United States, and the difficulties it has faced since its formulation. Finally, reference is made to the Latin American reaction, to conclude with the factors that have reduced the political weight of the Initiative, leaving it subordinate to NAFTA.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Rosenthal, Gert
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
A retrospective evaluation of the process of economic integration in Latin America forces us to take into account the conceptual framework that inspired the current or predominant economic thought at the time. Three major stages that Latin American integration went through in the last thirty years can be pointed out: the willful, the revisionist and the pragmatic. In this examination, the economic thinking that based each of the models in the different periods is considered and the main examples of associations that have been formed are mentioned, establishing their achievements and mistakes. Finally, when drawing some lessons from what happened in the past, it is concluded that today there is a lack of conviction of the contribution that integration can make and raises the question of who would lead such process.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Furtado, Celso
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
This paper analyzes the worldview of international economics and the great theoretical contribution of Raúl Prebisch: his ideas about the existence of a structural imbalance, caused by the concentration of technical progress due to the international division of labor and the system of relations between the center-periphery, produced by the consequent deterioration of the terms of trade. He also refers to the reasons for the above: the main economic center ceased to be the United Kingdom and its place was taken by the United States. He explains how in the sixties this country saw its situation weakened, due to the great changes in the relations of the central economies, and could not continue to exercise its role, which resulted in the indebtedness of the peripheral countries. It is concluded that the possibility of a single economy fulfilling the role of the main center has disappeared.
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Año:
1993
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Internacionales, Estudios
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
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Hecho en México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Todos los derechos reservados 1997-2022. Esta página puede ser reproducida con fines no lucrativos, siempre y cuando no se mutile y se cite la fuente completa y su dirección electrónica. De otra forma, se requiere permiso previo de la institución por escrito. Mapa del sitio | Créditos
