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546,196 artículos
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Lafer, Celso
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
In this paper, an evaluation of the position and behavior of Brazilian diplomacy in the recent South Atlantic crisis, which meant the war between Argentina and Great Britain, is carried out. We argue that during the Malvinas crisis, Brazil succeeded in helping to "circumscribe the negative effects of the conflict" and now has the task of helping to circumscribe the negative effects of "a mechanical solution." In the specific case of the Malvinas, this means, at the bilateral and multilateral level, the reiteration of the Brazilian position both in relation to Argentine rights in the field of the great world colonization process and the need for a negotiated solution to the problem as a means of overcoming the current instability.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Pérez Llana, Carlos E.
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
It is now a common place to insist that nothing will be the same in post-Malvinas Argentina, but beyond this affirmation a collective reflection must be imposed that allows to operationalize the new ideas that should give viability to the Constitutional Republic. External affairs will constitute one of the most important aspects of the suggested reflection. The country seems to have become aware that international relations constitute too important a dimension to be delegated to men who lack a realistic, comprehensive and mature vision of the international system. In this paper, it is argued that the permanent maximization of national autonomy should constitute the objective of a truly independent foreign policy and for that it is unavoidable to have up-to-date external frameworks and precise and operational political categories.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Martínez Sotomayor, Carlos
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
Education and culture are fundamental factors in the association between peoples. Each society makes an immense effort to define and refine their collective personality, trying to seek the greatest integration of what constitutes the national being. Those who achieve this definition and clearly connote their nationality with persevering effort, acquire a sure vocation of openness, comprehension and understanding. We maintain that in Chile this condition existed since the dawn of the Republic and defined an internationalist vocation, in force for most of its historical course. Its international insertion, in objective terms, has transcended the concrete data of its possibilities. It was this vocation of integration which allowed to define the national personality, stimulate its development and be present in the historical and social change of the continent.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Orrego Vicuña, Francisco
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
Relations between the countries of Latin America and the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have been intensifying in recent years, giving rise to a trend that already has the characteristics of being very significant. Not all Latin American countries participate in this process, which is why this article is limited to the case of the most significant, highlighting among them the linkage policy followed by Chile, which is the most advanced in this area. This cooperation process is not restricted solely to the field of commercial exchange, as it also finds important expressions in the financial sphere, in the policy of resources, in functional areas and in contemporary political situations. In this paper the main aspects of this cooperation are analyzed, including some features of its most relevant historical antecedents.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Paolillo, Felipe H.
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
In recent years, the literature on the law of the sea has been so prolific that it is almost impossible to try to know everything that has been written on the subject. It is striking, however, that the development of the institutional aspects of the new law of the sea, which introduces numerous and profound changes in the existing order, has not attracted the interest of the authors. We are on the threshold of a revolutionary change in the history of the international organization. Some of the institutional aspects of the new legal order of the sea will undoubtedly have great repercussions on the future evolution of the organization of the international community. This study examines some of these aspects as reflected in the text of the recently adopted Convention on the Law of the Sea.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Lafer, Celso
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
The international system in the modern world is characterized by the individual distribution of power among States and their relations of cooperation, competition and conflict. Due to the increase in the variables and demands at stake, currently is quite complex to coordinate interests and promote cooperation. This situation can lead to the decision paralysis of the international state system and, consequently, to the stagnation of its ability to coordinate the expectations of humanity. This challenge is particularly important in the light of the relations between order and power that currently exist in the international system. These are the ones that are making the discussion and diplomatic debate about the change and transformations of the rules of operation of the international system politically possible.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Barros Charlín, Raymundo
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
Between 1965 and 1975, numerous studies on the subject of regional integration circulated in Latin America. As early as 1975, the process was deemed to have been "saturated," and the initial euphoria was not followed by a progressive fading of unease, but by a kind of unintentional conspiracy of silence. However, the need for regional integration has new and valuable arguments. The readjustment of integration and cooperation instruments offers a vast possibility of research and studies. Within this order of ideas, the studies carried out by the Development Research Corporation on the subject of "Society, Politics and Integration in Latin America" are exceptional. In this article, some statements contained in it are commented, focusing exclusively on the variable "integration" exposed by the authors.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Jaguaribe, Helio
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
Political differences between Brazil and the United States have been aggravated since 1974 with the re-adoption of an independent foreign policy by Brazil, and they became particularly serious under the Reagan Administration. These derive from different and conflicting views of the world today, the lack of connection between what Brazil offers and the United States demands, and the discrepancy between what the United States proposes to Brazil. However, everything indicates that Brazilian-North American relations will undergo much more marked changes in the future than in recent years. The common interests and values that permanently bind Brazil to the Western world will lead the country to maintain close relations with the United States.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Bitar, Sergio
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
The economic ties of Latin America with the United States continue to be of the utmost importance and their continued exploration is an essential need. The review of economic relations between Latin America and the United States shows a greater relative capacity of the region, while unfavorable relations persist for this. It can be argued that there is a gap between greater relative strength and weak negotiating capacity. The new economic reality must affect and modify the current forms of connection. The region is now more able to negotiate and obtain a greater share of the benefits derived from mutual relationships.
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Año:
1982
ISSN:
0719-3769, 0716-0240
Dunkel, Arthur
Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Internacionales
Resumen
It can be said that the multilateral trading system based on the GATT functioned with relative success until 1970. It was the multiple economic problems of the last decade that complicated the situation both for the GATT and for trade relations in general and that put it to the test. This article analyzes the challenges currently facing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and sets out the measures to be taken to respond to these challenges. The rules of the General Agreement, which stipulate mutual rights and obligations, as well as a system of consultation and joint efforts to solve problems and take advantage of trade opportunities, still stand. Despite pressure, GATT member governments continue to show a remarkable determination to keep the system functioning efficiently.
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