Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of this article is to analyze the experiences in caring for migrant children and adolescents on the northern border of Mexico based on the work carried out by Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and a Social Assistance Center (CAS) in the state of Sonora, which in turn allows the identification of the main problems faced by the international migration in its transit through this state. From a qualitative methodology that includes interviews, analysis of government documents, and ethnographic work carried out in shelters between 2020 and 2022, it is observed that the main factors affecting the integral care for migrant children and adolescents are the detention by agents of the National Institute of Migration (INM), the dismantling of the State regarding the activities carried out by CSOs, the lack of economic resources for the organizations themselves, and the deficiencies in care models.

The present investigation aimed to apply different methodologies for assessing seismic vulnerability in an educational institution. The Hypothetical Deductive Method was used, the techniques employed were direct scientific observation and documentary analysis. Data collection was performed using the Benedetti Petrini scale, the Hirosawa scale, the FEMA 154 rapid visual inspection procedure sheet, and Pushover analysis with Etabs. The sample was the San Juan de Chota educational institution, Peru. The results and conclusions obtained using the different methodologies according to the Benedeti Petrini Method, the educational institution presents low vulnerability, according to the Hirosawa method the institution is not vulnerable, according to the FEMA 154 method, it is not vulnerable, on the other hand, according to the Pushover analysis the displacement vs shear curve at the base of the San Juan educational institution for the XX direction is 22,78 cm and a shear of 4684048,31 N. In the case of the YY direction, the maximum displacement is 0,19 cm and a shear of 3420069,19 N, at this moment the structure is in the inelastic regime close to collapse. Finally, it is concluded that applying the methodologies of Hirosawa, Benedetti Petrini, Pushover, the structure of the building applying the four earthquake-resistant evaluation methods, is Not Vulnerable

Se examinan identidades etnolingüísticas de hispanohablantes de herencia que habitan la región fronteriza del área metropolitana internacional de San Diego-Tijuana mediante el análisis crítico del discurso de narrativas escritas por estudiantes de un curso universitario avanzado. El objetivo fue determinar las identidades lingüísticamente indexadas mediante etiquetas auto-reportadas para desarrollar mejores prácticas pedagógicas que aborden la identidad etnolingüística en el aula de lengua heredada. Se encontró que la mayoría de los participantes se reconocían como miembros de su grupo étnico, poco más de un tercio se identificó únicamente con la cultura de herencia, y ninguno se identificó solo como estadounidense. Además, el bilingüismo y el biculturalismo se incluyeron como rasgo identitario, junto con la lengua heredada, reportada por casi la mitad. Finalmente, la etiqueta más relacionada con el spanglish y las prácticas transnacionales fue “mexicana/o”. También se presentan datos cualitativos y recomendaciones para mejores prácticas educativas relacionadas con la identidad etnolingüística.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar los factores que han favorecido el ingreso y la residencia irregular en Estados Unidos de migrantes provenientes del Triángulo Norte de Centroamérica durante el período 2016-2019. Las probabilidades de éxito se estimaron con datos de la Encuesta sobre Migración en la Frontera Sur de México, y se corrió un modelo de regresión logística binomial para probar las cuatro hipótesis planteadas en torno a los factores que determinan el éxito de los migrantes en dicho trayecto. Los resultados muestran que características individuales como los rasgos sociodemográficos (país de origen, sexo, edad, nivel educativo), el dominio del idioma inglés, la posesión de capital de red y las decisiones personales de los migrantes determinan significativamente si estos lograrán o no llegar y residir en Estados Unidos.

This article analyzes and compares the knowledge and implementation of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies in maquiladoras in Tijuana and Ciudad Juárez through a descriptive quantitative approach. Online surveys were conducted with manufacturing sector workers to assess their familiarity with and practical application of 19 specific technologies. The results show that, while knowledge levels are moderate, practical adoption of these technologies remains limited, with Ciudad Juárez showing a slight advantage. The findings highlight the importance of improving I4.0 training to enable more effective implementation and support technological transformation in these border regions. Although the study's geographical scope is limited, it is recommended that future research encompass a wider diversity of industrial contexts. This research contributes to the understanding of the transition towards I4.0 and provides valuable insights for designing policies aimed at technological training in the sector.

In Mexico, urban green areas are usually viewed as a recreational space, however, little attention is paid to their quality. In Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua there is a deficit of these spaces, and only a few are maintained. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to analyze the number, spatial distribution, and quality of urban green areas in relation to territorial planning using the Physical Activity Resource Assessment Instrument, and the Community Park Audit Tool. The findings show that the lack of planning for green areas results in a lack of equipment, poor quality of service, high levels of insecurity and incivility, as well as a lag for certain sectors of the population. Based on these results, the goal is to provide quality elements for planning in order to have an impact beyond considering the green areas as just a number.

The seismic performance of a structural steel building designed using the Force Method (FDM) was compared with that of another using the Displacement Method (DDM) under the system of special moment-resistant frames in each microzone of the Barquisimeto-Cabudare Seismic Microzoning (SMM) ordinance. A regular archetype was established in plan and elevation, with four levels of 3 meters each, and three spans of 3 meters each for each analysis direction. The beams and purlins were IPE profiles, and the HEB columns were made of A36 steel grade with BFP beam-column connections. The results demonstrated that in SMM #1, the dimensions were established by the minimum requirements of the prequalified BFP connection for both methods, with identical seismic performance. For MSZ #2 and #5, the fundamental period of the structures coincided with the characteristic period of the soil, requiring more robust sections to avoid resonance and consequently obtaining identical earthquake-resistant behavior for both methods. In MZS #3, #4 and #6, both methods showed behavior close to yielding, but with less steel and story drifts when applying the MDD. MSZ #7 behaved similarly to the previous one, with the difference that the amount of steel was greater for the MDD. For MSZ #8 and #9, the MDD obtained behavior close to yielding, while in the MDF, the behavior was post-yielding with insignificant incursion into the inelastic range and repairable damage

In this research, it was decided to incorporate reusable materials, such as sawdust, polystyrene beads, and rubber, in the manufacture of concrete blocks, with the purpose of evaluating their physical and mechanical properties. A total of 315 samples were manufactured using a block-making machine, with molds measuring 12 cm x 40 cm x 18 cm, with dosages of 1:6, 1:7, and 1:8, and addition percentages of sawdust, polystyrene beads, and rubber of 10% and 20% with respect to the aggregate. Dimensional variation, warping, absorption, and axial compressive strength tests were performed on the concrete blocks, from which it was determined that dimensional variation and warping do not depend exclusively on the addition of polystyrene beads, rubber, and sawdust. Furthermore, it was identified that the blocks with the highest absorption were those corresponding to the incorporation of 20% sawdust with a dosage of 1:8. In terms of axial compressive strength, the optimal percentage of polystyrene and rubber beads added to blocks with 1:6, 1:7, and 1:8 ratios were determined to be 10%, achieving the minimum required stress of 4.90 MPa after 28 days of curing. However, sawdust concrete blocks achieved this strength with a 10% addition and a 1:6 ratio. The results determined the optimal conditions for manufacturing concrete blocks with additional materials, complying with Peruvian Technical Standards and the requirements of the National Building Regulations

The study reviews the ANSI/AISC 341-22 standard for the seismic design of industrial structures in Chile, comparing it with the Chilean standard NCh2369. Since Chile is a high seismicity zone, strict regulations are required to ensure structural safety. While NCh2369 emphasizes stiffness and energy dissipation through anchoring, AISC 341-22 prioritizes ductility through the formation of plastic hinges in beams. The seismic design of industrial structures is regulated by NCh2369, which recommends AISC as a complementary standard. However, both standards have different approaches to energy dissipation. AISC classifies structural elements as moderately or highly ductile to maximize their inelastic capacity. To evaluate the application of AISC 341-22, a rack-type structure was designed using this standard, applying NCh2369 for loads and seismic analysis. The modeling was done using Robot Structural Analysis 2024, optimizing structural profiles and verifying their compliance with regulations. One of the main findings was the detection of several W profiles that did not meet the requirements of AISC 341-22. The importance of early verification of slenderness was also highlighted to avoid reprocessing and adjustments in profile selection. Additionally, there was non-compliance with the displacement limits imposed by NCh2369 due to the difference in seismic demands between standards

The objective of the study was to evaluate the incidence of aloe vera extract as an inhibitor of carbonation-induced rust in concrete. Likewise, the study adopted an applied methodology and an experimental design, in which concrete was evaluated with different dosages of aloe vera extract in which the concentrations used for the incorporation of aloe vera in the concrete were 0,75%, 1,30% and 1,7%. In addition, the results indicate that the incorporation of aloe vera in concrete differently affects its properties, depending on the concentration. It was highlighted that at low concentrations of 0,75%, a slight increase in the carbonated zone and a slight improvement in compressive strength (5%) were observed, without significantly altering the consistency or flexural strength. However, at higher concentrations such as 1,30% and 1,70%, the effects were minor or even negative, suggesting that an excess of aloe vera could negatively affect the structure of the concrete