Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Lilium sp., or lily, is a plant of significant ecological, cultural, and commercial importance, valued in gardening, fragrances, and traditional medicine. Given the limitations of its natural reproduction, in vitro propagation is essential for its efficient and sustainable cultivation, producing disease-free plants with high genetic quality. A major challenge of this technique is contamination, which requires strict disinfection protocols. In this context, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stand out for their antimicrobial properties, reducing contamination and improving process efficiency, while also offering a sustainable alternative to harsh chemical treatments. In this study, AgNPs Argovit™ were evaluated at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg•L⁻¹ with immersion times of 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The best asepsis (94%) was achieved with 100 mg•L⁻¹ and 15 minutes of immersion, while the highest sprouting (7.03 microbulbs per explant) occurred with 25 mg•L⁻¹ and the same duration. AgNPs also reduced phenolic oxidation in explants, optimizing the in vitro propagation of Lilium sp. These findings highlight their potential for the commercial production and conservation of this ornamental species.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a nanoparticle that stands out in technological applications, such as gas sectors, ultraviolet and visible lasers, solar cells, photocatalytic cells, in photocatalytic catalysts, where its synthesis plays an important role in each application. The introduction of biological components in the synthesis of nanoparticles, such as plant extracts, is of great interest, as it is an easy-to-obtain product that does not pollute the environment. Tithonia diversifolia is a forage plant that has physiological adaptations to cope with hostile environments, where its flower is currently not used, so this work focuses on the production of zinc oxide by green chemistry using extracts from the buttercup flower (Tithonia diversifolia) as a reducing agent and its characterization by X-ray techniques, diffuse reflectance and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the extract of the Button Flower (Tithonia diversifolia) produces wurzuite-type zinc oxide nanoparticles of 100 nm with a ratio of 30:55 (Zn:O), due to the presence of impurities (Magnesium, Calcium and Potassium), present in the extract, so its use could be directed to sectors such as health and agri-food.

Microorganisms associated with coral reefs play a critical role in coral health and survival. The objective of this study was to identify difficult-to-grow bacterial isolates associated with the octocorals Carijoa riisei and Leptogorgia alba, and hermatypic corals Pocillopora damicornis and Pocillopora verrucosa. Isolates were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing and 18 were identified, including several pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio sp., Grimontia indica and Pseudoalteromonas piratica. In addition, isolates associated with pathogen inhibition, Ruegeria profundi, Ruegeria conchae, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, and Pseudoalteromonas gelatinilytica were identified. The vulnerability of marine organisms to microbial changes is shown and information is provided on their response to environmental stress.

The present work evaluated the presence of metals in water and soils for agricultural use and the nutritional quality of forages generated in the community of Valdecañas Fresnillo, Zacatecas, Mexico. The soil and water samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. At the same time, a bromatological study was carried out on the forage samples following what was established by Belyea et al. (2015). In the water samples, maximum concentrations (µg L-1) of Pb of 34.6, Cd of 4.25, Cu of 30.7, Fe 915.45, and Zn of 853 were determined, being the water bodies of the community (pond and lagoon) who present the highest concentrations. For the soil samples, the maximum concentrations obtained (mg kg-1) were 43.57 of Pb, 1.62 of Cd, 21. 56 of Cr, 13.65 of Cu, 1 944.1 of Fe, 109.5, and 65.5 of Zn, observing that the most. The affected areas correspond to areas of watering holes and grazing lands close to the pond area, which is supplied by the flows of a canal that comes from the mining facilities. The values of the bromatological characterization of the forage samples indicate an average percentage of crude protein of 14%, neutral detergent fiber content of 37.5%, and acid detergent fiber content of 34%. The results obtained reflect the importance of studying agricultural areas close to mining activities because the presence of metals from mineral processing can generate a risk in the quality of the food products produced in these areas.

Microalgae are rich in bioactive compounds with a biostimulant effect that, when applied to plants, stimulate their physiological processes. The objective was to evaluate the biostimulant effect of Chlorella sorokiniana on tomato crops. It was evaluated at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1% of microalgae biomass, with applications in 3 ways: irrigation, foliar and mixed (irrigation and foliar). The main results showed that height and chlorophyll were higher when applied to the soil at 0.1%. The highest fruit weight (670.08 g) and yield (13.012.17 tha-1) were obtained when applied to the soil at 0.5%. Likewise, a greater number of fruits was obtained in the application to the soil at 1% (3317.95), being significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than the control (1232.77). The dry weight of leaves and roots in the foliar and mixed applications at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 % were higher (p≤0.05) than the control. Also, it was observed in the foliar analysis that the macronutrients remained in the "sufficient" range, while in the control they were "low". This demonstrates that low concentrations of microalgae extract stimulate plant growth, nutrient utilization and crop yield.

The presence of lordosis in the caudal peduncle of a dolphin fish, Coryphaena hippurus, was reported for the first time in Mexican waters. During a fishing tournament in Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca, an adult male measuring 93 cm in fork length was captured. This organism exhibited a significant deformity in caudal vertebrae 10 to 14. Despite the deformity, it was determined to be functional for the population. The allometric condition factor was 1.1. Its probable age is one to three years. The deformity is likely due to the teratogenic effects of hydrocarbon or agrochemical pollutants dumped on the coast. Continuous monitoring of fishery resources is recommended to detect cases of external anomalies and identify their causes, as these can be used to establish environmental mitigation measures. Both to reduce their prevalence and to make them as bioindicators of the health status of the ecosystem.

Agaves, including wild species such as arroqueño (Agave spp.), are essential for mezcal production. However, most of the species used in its elaboration, except for Agave angustifolia Haw., are not widely cultivated. To ensure the sustainability of mezcal production, it is crucial to promote the reforestation and cultivation of wild agave species. This study evaluated the effect of slow-release fertilizers (SRFs) on the growth, nutrition, and sugar content of arroqueño agave. A completely randomized block design was employed, consisting of three treatments. Each treatment included 20 plants with four replicates, with five plants per replicate. Treatments were assessed over a period of 10 months and included: T1) control (no fertilization), T2) Osmocote Plus®, and T3) Multicote Agri®. Compared to the control plants, the application of Osmocote Plus® increased the number of unfolded leaves by 17.7%, plant height by 13.7%, stem circumference by 13.8%, fresh leaf weight by 52.4%, fresh stem weight by 48.9%, and dry leaf weight by 53.4%. Fertilization with Multicote Agri® increased fresh root weight by 36.0% and foliar NO₃⁻ content by 59.3%. These results highlight the positive effect of SRFs on the growth and nutritional status of arroqueño agave, contributing to improved nutrient use efficiency, reduced environmental impact associated with conventional fertilization, and the promotion of sustainable cultivation and conservation of native agave species.

Caloptilia perseae (Busck, 1920) first record as a pest on avocado crop for Mexico, on a commercial orchard in Jalisco State. This gracillarid only has been reported feeding on trees of the genus Persea in the United States of North America, Cuba, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico and Panama in the American Continent and in Europe in Spain.

Arsenic (As) contamination is a significant global issue that demands the development of sustainable technologies to remove As, particularly from water resources. One such technology is adsorption by biochar, which has demonstrated to be effective for arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) removal. Due to its unique properties, bamboo species have emerged as a promising source for biochar production, for remediation purposes. In this study, we evaluated the adsorption capacity of As by biochar derived from the Mexican bamboo species Guadua inermis in aqueous solutions contaminated with As(V). The evaluation included kinetic studies and solutions with varying initial concentrations of As(V). The results demonstrated that biochar reaches equilibrium within approximately 3 hours, removing 68.9% of the initial arsenic. Additionally, it removed 37-68% of As from solutions containing 5-50 mg L⁻¹ of As(V). These findings contribute to the characterization of the As adsorption capacity of biochar derived from G. inermis bamboo, laying the groundwork for research and sustainable utilization of the species for biotechnological purposes, while also contributing to the development of technologies to ensure As-free water.

Coffee exports are an activity that generates income for small producers, communities, and foreign currency for the country. However, coffee growing presents significant problems and challenges, such as climate change. Understanding production and marketing statistics helps us understand potential growth opportunities. The objective was to analyze coffee exports in Mexico for the period 1981–2022 using a linear regression model. The results indicate that domestic coffee production, coffee prices, and imports from the United States have positive effects of 1.1%, 0.2%, and 0.9%, respectively; while Mexico's per capita income has a negative effect of 0.2% on Mexican coffee exports. Mexico's production has declined in recent years, and global demand for coffee is increasing, so incentivizing producers is essential for the development of coffee growing in Mexico.