Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

  Introducción: En pacientes alérgicos con infecciones respiratorias recurrentes se ha descrito la asociación de deficiencia de anticuerpos, tanto selectivas como de respuesta a polisacáridos. Reporte de caso: Hombre, sin antecedentes familiares de importancia, a los 5 años adenopatías cervicales y axilares con biopsia que descartó malignidad, con posterior remisión. A los 7 años síntomas nasales y sibilancias, ingresa a Alergia a los 9 años y se diganosticó asma y rinitis, sensibilizado a ácaro y pasto. Buena respuesta a inmunoterapia primeros 2 años, el tercer año inicia con infecciones respiratorias y digestivas recurrentes hasta cada 15 días. A los 13 años se decide extensión de estudios. Exploración física: peso 69kg, talla 1.7m, cornnetes obstructivos, úvula central, bífida, amígdalas GI, sin adenopatías, cardiopulmonar sin alteraciones. Estudios: Hemoglobina 15.6, Hematocrito 46%, Leucocitos 4005, Linfocitos 1200 (20%), Eosinófilos 210 (3.6%), plaquetas 219000, IgA 23 baja(45-236), IgM 27 baja(52-242), IgE 11.9(3.100UI), IgG 1060 normal(560-1760) corroboradas. Citometría de flujo normal y linfocitos B normales. Se realiza prueba de polisacáridos antineumocócica solo con buena respuesta a 4 serotipos, <50% de respuesta. Se dio manejo temporal con antibiótico profiláctico más inmunoestimulantes con mejoría de procesos infecciosos. Actualmente sin profilaxis. Discusión: Adolescente con defecto cuantitativo de IgA e IgM y al momento con niveles normales de IgG con respuesta alterada a vacuna de polisacáridos, se mantiene en vigilancia inmunológica ante la posibilidad de presentar inmunodeficiencia comun variable. Conclusión: Las infecciones recurrentes o invasivas en pacientes ya tratados con asma amerita abordaje para defecto de anticuerpos. Palabras claves: Inmunodeficiencia primaria; Deficiencia de anticuerpos; Hipogammaglobulinemia; Asma; Línea media.

Introducción: El síndrome de DRESS conocido por sus siglas en inglés (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) es una reacción de hipersensibilidad relacionada a medicamentos que se manifiesta con eosinofilia, síntomas sistémicos y en ocasiones potencialmente mortal. Se caracteriza clínicamente por presentar un exantema generalizado, fiebre, edema facial y falla multiorgánica. Se puede acompañar de hallazgos paraclínicos los cuales son leucocitosis, eosinofilia y alteraciones en pruebas de función renal y hepática. Reporte De Caso: Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 10 años, la cual es hospitalizada por el diagnostico de una pansinusitis complicada con un empiema epidural el cual requirió drenaje quirúrgico, previo a esto se encontraba en manejo con levetiracetam. Tras el evento quirúrgico se mantiene con triple esquema a base de vancomicina, ceftriaxona y metronidazol. Al finalizar dicho tratamiento, desarrollo una dermatosis generalizada que no respondió a antihistamínicos de segunda generación ni corticoesteroides. Posterior a esto inicia con fiebre, edema facial y una crisis convulsiva, se solicitan estudios de laboratorio evidenciando leucocitosis y eosinofilia. Se sospecho de síndrome de DRESS, con una puntuación de RegiSCAR de 5, que corresponde a un caso probable. Se inicio tratamiento con inmunoglobulina observando mejoría clínica y resolución del cuadro. Conclusiones: El síndrome de DRESS es una reacción inducida por fármacos grave, su tasa de mortalidad estimada es del 10%. El reconocimiento temprano e inicio oportuno del tratamiento son fundamentales para el pronóstico y la prevención de posibles complicaciones. Palabras Clave: DRESS; Eosinofilia; Reacción adversa relacionada con medicamentos.

There are four types of histamine receptors. Allergic symptoms, especially those in rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria, are mainly caused by activation of histamine receptor 1 (H1). Consequently, oral H1-antihistamines form and integral part of the treatment of these diseases. Antihistamines are inverse agonists that stabilize the non-active configuration of the histamine receptor. First generation H1-antihistamines cause a variety of adverse effects via several mechanisms: sedation (accumulation in the central nervous system), dry mouth, urinary retention, weight gain (low selectivity: stimulation of serotonin/muscarinic/alpha-adrenergic receptors) and drug interactions (substrate of CYP450-3A4). Generally second generation H1-antihistamines have a better safety profile. New guidelines on allergic rhinitis and urticaria recommend second generation H1-antihistamines as first line drugs, with –if necessary– four-times updosing to obtain control in urticaria. The enhanced efficacy of quadruple doses in urticaria, while maintaining a good safety profile, has been shown for bilastine, desloratadine and levocetirizine (rupatadine). For ebastine and fexofenadine only the safety of quadruple doses has been shown till now. Extreme precaution should be taken with astemizol and terfenadine that never should be up-dosed, as high serum concentrations can cause potentially fatal ventricular tachycardia. First generation antihistamines are not recommended as first line treatment and updosing is not safe.

Background: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa, characterized by symptoms of itching, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and sneezing induced by an IgE-mediated response. In Mexico we have reports of prevalence, with fluctuations of 5.5% to 47.7% with the question of rhinitis symptoms the past 12 months.Objective: To determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in schoolchildren from various states of Mexico.Material and method: A descriptive study of prevalence in which a questionnaire was applied to preschool, elementary-, middle- and high-school population. It was performed in four cities in four states of Mexico: Puebla, Puebla, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala and Cancun, Quintana Roo. Parents answered questionnaires of preschool and elementary school and middle- and high-school students answered their questionnaires. The study was conducted from June 2014 to January 2015. The instrument used was: questionnaire diagnosis of allergic rhinitis for epidemiological studies.Results: Of the surveys, 8,159 completed questionnaires were obtained, in the city of Puebla: 2,267, Tulancingo, Hidalgo: 2,478, Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala: 2,574, Cancun, Quintana Roo: 840; total male: 4,190 (51%). The overall average rate of prevalence of allergic rhinitis among four states including all respondents ages was 15%.Conclusions: With the use of the questionnaire diagnosis of allergic rhinitis for epidemiological studies in the four cities in four different states, we found a prevalence of allergic rhinitis of 15% in ≥13 yearpopulation and 13% in ≤12 year-old children.

Background: The allergic sensitization to insects of the Hymenoptera and Culicidae order in pediatric population is studied with low frequency.Objective: To determine the prevalence of sensitization to bees, mosquito and fire ants in children with allergic diseases.Material and method: A retrolective and descriptive study was carried out in a pediatric allergy service. The registers of the cutaneous reactivity to bees, mosquitos and fire ants done among January 2009 to December 2011 were analyzed. The frequency of sensitization to insects and its confidence interval to 95% was estimated.Results: The sample included 613 patients, 41% were girls. The age average of the group was 6.2 ± 3.7 years. The allergic sensitization to mosquito was 15% (CI 95%: 12.4-18.1), bees 14.2% (CI 95%: 11.4-16.9) and fire ants 6% (CI 95%: 6.0-6.8) older that non-sensitized, 7.1 vs 6.0 years old (p=0.011) and 7.4 vs 6.1 years old (p=0.042), respectively. During fall and winter seasons, fire ant sensitization was observed with more frequency.Conclusions: In our knowledge this is the first report in Mexico related with sensitization frequency to bees, mosquitos and fire ants carried out on children. Also, our results suggest that sensitization to these insects should be identified more often.

The combination of plant densities and foliar application of amino acids may be a viable strategy to increase sustainable soybean crop production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of high plant densities and the foliar application of amino acids (VIUSID® Agro) on the growth and yield of soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr] in the rainy season. This research was conducted from May to September 2023, with treatments arranged in split plots, randomized blocks, and replicated three times. The main plots corresponded to the two plant densities (PD) (300,000 and 500,000 ha⁻¹), and the secondary plots were defined by the foliar application of amino acids (AA)—non-AA (A0), 0.25 L ha⁻¹ (A1), and 0.50 L ha⁻¹ (A2)—to improve soybean growth and yield responses. The results showed that plant densities increased growth indicators, with the most significant increase was observed at a density of 300,000 plants ha-1. In contrast, production parameters and yield were higher at a density of 500,000 plants ha-1. However, the 0.25 L ha⁻¹ treatment showed superior effects on growth at the density of 300,000 plants ha⁻¹, while yield and yield components were higher at the 0.5 L ha⁻¹ treatment. Additionally, at a density of 500,000 plants ha⁻¹, the 0.5 L ha⁻¹ treatment stimulated the growth of soybean plants, while the 0.25 L ha⁻¹ treatment exhibited higher yields.

Livestock farming in the Colombian Andean-Amazon region is characterized by its low competitiveness and its negative socio-environmental impact, being a factor of deforestation at national level and contributing to the generation of greenhouse gases. Silvopastoral systems (SPS) are a strategy to reduce this impact. This investigation was conducted aiming to identify and perform the nutritional characterization of tree and shrub species relevant to SPS in the Andean-Amazon region of Alto Putumayo. A diagnosis was carried out through semi-structured surveys, field visits, and knowledge dialogue sessions, recognizing potential species and their uses. For the nutritional characterization of the forage, the samples were analyzed in the laboratory using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy- NIRS technology. Subsequently, a statistical analysis was performed using an unsupervised machine learning technique based on principal component analysis. Hierarchical clustering using Ward's method identified 38 woody species with different growth habits (shrubs and trees), distributed across 20 families, mainly Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Moraceae. Approximately 60% of the identified species are relevant in animal nutrition. The species with the best nutritional quality were Sapium stylare, Sambucus nigra, and Tithonia diversifolia. Likewise, four groups were determined, where the first two groups account for 79.1% of the variance. Collectively, our findings indicated that Alto Putumayo is home to a wide diversity of tree and shrub species with forage potential, suggesting a potential for their use in agroforestry.

Analyzing the chemical and physical properties of the soil is essential to understanding its fertility and structure, which allows for improving the availability of nutrients and optimizing soil management, contributing to agricultural sustainability. This study was conducted in the Cascajo area of Santiago Putumayo. The objective was to determine the behavior of the chemical properties (cation exchange capacity - CEC, organic matter - OM, organic carbon - CO, pH, and nitrogen - N) and physical properties (apparent density, porosity, gravimetric humidity, and hydraulic conductivity) of andisol soils under different production systems. Three systems were evaluated: T1 - Secondary Forest system, T2 - Livestock system, and T3 - Agricultural system with blackberry cultivation (Rubus glaucus Benth). A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed, and soil sampling for chemical variables was done at a depth of 0 - 15 cm; however, they were done at depths of 0 - 15 and 15 - 30 cm for physical properties. The results indicate that the secondary forest system showed the most behavior in chemical variables CEC, MO, CO, and N with values of 10.02, 12.71, 7.42, and 0.64, as well as the highest values in the variables of gravimetric humidity with 250.14, porosity with 77.49, and hydraulic conductivity with 1.57. These findings highlight the importance of forests as systems capable of conserving soil properties more effectively that other production systems, due to their organic matter content, biological diversity, and minimal anthropic disturbance.

Green onion plays a crucial role in the peasant economy of the department of Nariño, Colombia. Therefore, a wide range of varieties adapted to the production area is required. This research aimed to evaluate the adaptation of nine green onion clones through an Agronomic Evaluation Test in three producing environments of Nariño: Pasto, Buesaquillo, and Mueses. The experiment followed a randomized complete block design with four replications, assessing yield, pseudostem length, and pseudostem diameter. A combined analysis of variance was performed for environments, clones, and cuttings. The highest yields of pseudostem were obtained in Obonuco and Buesaquillo, with 49.15 and 48.87 t/ha/cutting, respectively, with clones 1 (65.24), 33 (53.18), 38 (52.15), and 30 (47.66) showing outstanding performance across the three environments. Among the three cuttings, the highest yield was found in cutting 3 with 51.70 t/ha. For pseudostem length, the highest averages were found in Mueses with 31.88 cm and in Buesaquillo with 31.00 cm. The outstanding clones, across the three environments, were 38, 1, 33, and 30, with averages between 28.91 and 36.59 cm. Regarding the diameter of pseudostems, the highest averages were found in Obonuco, with 17.26 mm; the clones that stood out in the environments were 1 (18.15), 28 (17.33), 17 (17.02), and 33 (16.66). Clones 38 and 33 showed the highest averages across all variables, making them strong candidates for further commercial validation to diversify green onion varieties in Nariño.

Soil agricultural production is vital for ensuring people's nutrition. However, improper use has led to soil degradation, reducing its productive capacity. Adding organic matter improves the physical properties of soil. This study aimed to evaluate how incorporating organic materials affects certain soil physical properties on the 'La María' farm. A completely randomized design was used with five treatments: applying raw rice husk, toasted rice husk, chicken manure, liquid organic fertilizer, and a control. There were no significant differences observed in soil penetration resistance (PR), a property linked to soil compaction and root growth potential, with values ranging from 500 to 1250 kPa at depths of 2.5 to 17.5 cm. PR also showed temporal variation depending on rainfall. Organic material additions reduced apparent bulk density from 1.63 to 1.45 g/cm³; however, this effect is temporary, and materials should be reapplied about every six months. All tested organic materials promoted soil particle aggregation, increasing it from 23.28 to 5.23 mm. Higher application rates of these materials are recommended to achieve a greater impact on the soil's physical properties.