Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective: To evaluate, through the Sustainable Livelihoods approach, the capitals of coffee growers to face the productive crisis caused by rust, and to identify the changes in the coffee plantations, based on the strategies implemented by the producers of two communities of the Soconusco region in Chiapas. Methodology: Quantitative methods such as survey, multivariate, contingency and association analysis were used. Results: It was found that the capitals are insufficient to reduce the damage of the pest and that the main strategy of the producers has been the renovation of coffee plantations with improved varieties, which threatens the biodiversity of the region and the environmental services that coffee plantations provide. Limitations: As it is a study carried out only in two ejidos of Soconusco, its representativeness could be considered with certain limitation. Conclusions: Increase the infrastructure, the skills of coffee growers and their social organization to overcome crises that threaten the continuity of coffee growing as a sustainable livelihood.

Objective: To analyze the influence of innovation capacity on the business resilience of restaurants in the Toluca Valley, State of Mexico, in the face of the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: Quantitative study of non-experimental design and explanatory scope. A survey was applied to 216 workers in 75 restaurants and the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique (PLS-SEM) was used to test the research hypothesis. Results: The Covid-19 pandemic encouraged the restaurant industry to strengthen itself by exploiting and exploring knowledge and skills. Innovativeness was found to exert a positive and high influence on resilience, exhibiting strong predictive power and relevance. In addition, the ability to cope with adversities is linked to the transmission, transformation, and exploitation of existing knowledge in firms. Limitations: This study included a sample constituted by a small number of restaurant workers and data have only been obtained from that perspective, making the appreciation of other actors lacking. The findings should be consulted with discretion as they are part of a context where business tourism predominates. Conclusions: In terms of innovation, the approach of exploitation and exploration allowed understanding how organizational adaptation processes are generated in the face of strong changes in the environment; while the dimensions of resilience: anticipation, coping and adaptation, as successive stages grant a holistic view of the process that companies undergo to overcome crises.

Objective: To analyze the habitual food of Afro-Mexicans in the context of two historical processes and the regional exercise of production/power. Methodology: Interviews and participant observation in two regions with a history of hacienda/ejido production; socioeconomic references, 24-hour recall diet, breastfeeding, and complementary feeding. Results: The food lists reflect availability and biodiversity, but not access and habitual consumption. Interstices, spaces with a greater margin of freedom were identified for the manifestation and development of a peasant food culture. Limitations: The 24-hour diet was for one day and consumption outside home was not considered. Conclusions: The sociohistorical condition of production/power determines a major part of the food system, based on foods and techniques reproduced by the indigenous population. There are regional dietary differences, however, to a large extent it corresponds to the diet of rural populations. The food provides enough energy/vitamins, and this comes mainly from corn, beans, rice and green, white and red vegetables.

Objective: To show what we consider the three key consequences of the shared land endowment decree that in 1970 politically created Desemboque and its annex Punta Chueca and definitively established the Comcáac in the territory they currently occupy. Methodology: This is based on the documentary compilation, as well as, the conceptual analysis of "struggle", the application of interviews with traditional authorities and Comcáac residents and field trips carried out in the period 2018-2021. Results: They show a series of problems related to the reduction of the Seri ancestral territory, the links with the old accesses to water and the presence of struggles for water. Limitations: There is a lack of testimonies from Comcáac residents who participated directly in the legal process of the ejido endowment of 1970, since this would enrich the understanding of this complex historical- legal process of the Seri people. Conclusions: The territorial endowment of 1970 originated two stages of social construction of water scarcity, one institutionalized, which would have repercussions in the beginning of struggles for new access to water in the mid-1990s and which would increase their degree of violence in the second modern stage represented by the different desalination projects. of 1999, 2003, 2008 and 2014. Finally, the supernaturality provided by the ancient accesses to water was gradually lost and forgotten by the generations born after 1970.

Objectives: The goal of this work was to know the preferences of visitors to the chile in nogada fairs in San Andrés Calpan and San Nicolas de los Ranchos municipalities and to estimate the Willingness to Pay (WTP). Methodology: The field work to get the data, was carried out July to September 2021 during the days of the chile in nogada fairs. The data was obtained by survey and interviews. Results: The price of the dish was between $150 to $200. 72.8% WTP declared an overprice for consuming the dish with ingredients from the region. Limitations: Due to logistical problems due to the covid pandemic, it was not possible to expand the exhibition to other chile in nogada fairs in the state of Puebla. Conclusions: Consumers of the chile in nogada dish know the ingredients and their origin and showed WTP for consuming it. Socioeconomic factors affect the purchase decision; These could be used to design a promotional strategy for the dish.

Objective: To determine the multidimensional quality, as well as the reasons for the consumption of rabbit meat from the perspective of the consumer. Methodology: A structured survey was used to 177 decision-makers of family food consumption, to analyze the data a database was created and subsequently a multivariate treatment was given through a factor analysis by principal components followed by a cluster analysis. Results: The results show special interest in two dimensions of quality; the nutritional and health as the main reason to value the consumption of rabbit meat, while the traditionality in the preparation of dishes is not observed. Limitations: Because it was carried out during the pandemic, a greater number of consumers could not be counted on. Conclusion: The perception of quality of rabbit meat is positively influenced by the nutritional, sanitary and technological dimensions, while the dimensions of use and traditionality are perceived as limiting since said meat has not been positioned in the Mexican gastronomic culture.

Objective: To identify the productive chain of mango in the eastern zone of the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca. Methodology: Exploratory and descriptive in nature with a mixed approach. Through a documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with producers, as well as producer organizations, packinghouse administrators and the representatives of municipal governments in the area. Results: Four links are identified in the mango production chain: primary production, storage-packaging, processing, and commercialization. In the first, an increase in cultivated land with inputs acquired mainly in the area. Second, a competitive position of the packers with international market is observed. Third, a still incipient processing industry is presented, with a single fruit dehydration company. Fourth, a growing national and international market is notable. Limitations: The study began a few weeks after the end of the harvest period, which prevented observing the economic dynamics that were generated in the area. Conclusions: In the eastern area of the Istmo de Tehuantepec, small producers are required to have greater ownership of the production chain with the intention of achieving fairer income. At the same time, it is necessary to encourage the transformation of the mango, both industrially and by hand in the different links of the production chain. Finally, within the production area, the elements of the production chain that are still outside geographically must be integrated.

Objective: To identify the knowledge about the traditional use of Bacopa procumbens that is preserved by the inhabitants of the municipality of Huasca de Ocampo, Hidalgo, Mexico. Methodology: The study was based on a structured interview with 26 informants, using a convenience sample. Descriptive analysis was performed by means of frequencies and a multivariate analysis of multiple correspondences. Results: The traditional knowledge of this plant is found in housewives, with an average age of 40 - 50 years old, this knowledge was transmitted by relatives, the traditional use for this species is to reduce or relieve stomach pain, heal wounds, to relieve toothache, calm kidney pain, eliminate swelling and fever. The plant is collected in the field, only in the amount that will be used, which can help in part to conserve the resource, although overexploitation should be prevented. Limitations: There are few people who know the plant. Conclusions: The traditional knowledge of the plant is focused on women, housewives, it is used by boiling it, mainly for stomach pain, and other health problems.

Objective: To analyse food practices deployed by popular leaders of community kitchens in Argentina during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: The approach is qualitative, and the selection of the subjects incorporated into the study followed the criteria of purposive sampling. Sixty-three in-depth interviews in Gran La Plata (Buenos Aires). Results: In the results we can describes the entanglement of economic and organizational resources, local knowledge, cooking and feeding habits, etc., which were activated facing the food emergency. It shows that feeding in popular neighbourhoods during the pandemic has been a complex, diverse, collective practice, as the same time is also territorially inscribed, which keeps it from any homogenizing claim. Limitations: The health emergency and the measures that restricted the circulation of people, limited the possibility of complementing the analysis of discursively reconstructed food practices with direct   observation   in   the field. Conclusions: The position of popular leaders in community kitchens was not only to intermediate between state/civil food assistance and household needs, but they were part of neighbourhood organisation and leadership, they dialogued with local cultures and were able to question native "tastes". For all this, their performance was considered effective, covering food needs as well as providing social and emotional support for households facing uncertainty.

Objective: Know the subjective impact of Covid-19 on producers of agroecological food in central Mexico. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with producers who attend an alternative market that emerged from the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico. Results: The results indicate a negative impact on the areas of Access to sales spaces, Product demand, Workload, Health and family, and Inputs and production. In addition, it is shown that the producers implemented various strategies to mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic. Limitations: A small number of producers participating in an agroecological market held at a public university are included, serving as a guideline for further analysis. Conclusion: It was found that the perceived high negative impact did not occur in the same way for everyone, presenting various scenarios and strategies to mitigate the negative effects.