Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Failure Factors in MSMEs in Mexico Evidenced by COVID-2019Before the pandemic, the economic development of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSME) in Latin America showed gradual signs of recovery after the problems that occurred in years 2009 and 2016. As of 2017, Mexico maintained a growing inflation of 5% on average, the price of energy increased 20%, an external debt growth of 12% and a GDP lesser than 1.6% per year (Banco Mundial, 2020), (OCDE, 2019), (INEGI, 2018). By the end of 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID - 2019) evidenced failure factors that exacerbated the permanence of MSMEs, since closed more than 30.6% of them (Naciones Unidas, 2021). In this research, these factors are discussed, by compiling information on economic behavior, and quantitative studies of the commercial, manufacturing and services sectors. To identify these factors, 246 Mexican MSMEs that closed between September 2019 and December 2020 were selected using stratified random sampling. The results showed failure factors associated with the capabilities of the administrator and internal aspects of the company, among which the lack of vision to identify new businesses and little knowledge of Information Technology stand out.

Meteorological agencies are playing an increasingly prominent role in climate change communication. This paper compares the work of the official meteorological agencies of Spain, France, Portugal, United Kingdom and Italy as direct communicators and as a source of information on the risk posed by heat waves (immediate climate uncertainty) and climate change (future climate uncertainty). In this way, we can analyze how the European press is nourished by the work of these agencies in warning us about some extreme phenomena and their future repercussions. For this purpose, a combined methodology has been carried out, where the websites and Twitter profiles of the five official meteorological agencies are analyzed and, in addition, their impact is studied in a sample of 221 news items on heat waves published during the month of June 2022 in the online edition of 19 European newspapers. The results obtained indicate that the country of origin is key in the quality of the information provided by meteorological agencies, with France and the United Kingdom leading the way. Among the specific factors, the participation of experts in the news is the most decisive and shows that the agencies of several countries could assume, by introducing these factors, a stronger role in the dissemination of the risks involved in climate change.

This study has analysed the digital conversation on Twitter regarding the wildfire wave that affected Spain in 2022, which was deemed the worst year of the 21st century in terms of the number of hectares burned -more than 300.000- in Spain. Using a methodological approach based on Social Network Analysis (SNA), 145.081 tweets were analysed and a network of mentions was created. This network contains the digital communities that emerged around this conversation, as well as the predominant tones in the debate. It has been noted that communities with weight and influence in the digital public debate focus their discourse on the attribution of responsibility for the fires through an outraged tone, as well as a clear lack of contextualisation of this extreme event with climate change, aspects that suppose significant challenges to environmental hashtivism.

Esta investigación examina y evalúa la forma en la que las instituciones públicas españolas comunicaron la erupción volcánica ocurrida en La Palma (España) en 2021. Con este propósito, se utilizaron los modelos SCCT y SMCC para realizar un análisis de contenido de los tweets publicados durante el periodo por el Cabildo de La Palma (@CabLaPalma), 112 Canarias (@112canarias) y el Ministerio del Interior español (@interiorgob). Los resultados sugieren que estas tres instituciones alinearon sus comunicaciones utilizando estrategias, enfoques y estilos de mensaje complementarios para gestionar la crisis de manera exitosa. Sin embargo, esta investigación también detecta ciertas áreas de mejora en los enfoques adoptados por estas tres entidades públicas.

Social media is a vital tool for emergency communication. Metrics analysis can help evaluate its effectiveness and improve information management. This case study analyzes the posts of the official Twitter account of 112 Emergencias Madrid over five months. Correlations between variables are explored using a quantitative methodology. The results show that the posts with the highest impact are not local emergencies, but international news related to the Turkey and Syria earthquake emergency. We observe robust positive associations between the number of retweets, likes, and user reach. However, no significant associations were found between these variables and the number of clicks on the url. These findings suggest that popularity metrics on social media do not always correlate with the effectiveness of risk communication. This suggests a deeper and more complex evaluation of communication strategies on social media to improve risk management in the future.  

This study examines how two relevant crises, the 2019 social outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic, influenced the adaptation of Chilean journalism to the challenges of the digital environment. A qualitative approach was used based on 41 in-depth interviews with practicing journalists during both events, followed by 50 interviews with editors of traditional and alternative media who reflected retrospectively on the consequences of these events for the profession. The analysis concluded that Chilean journalism experienced in the past four years stages similar to those of grief: denial, anger, negotiation, depression, and acceptance. Both the social outbreak and the pandemic accelerated the modernization and adaptation processes to new technologies by Chilean newsrooms and, at the same time, forced professionals to rethink and redefine the scope of journalism as a profession.

An attractive audience for content managers on YouTube is children. Numerous channels have appeared aimed at this type of viewer, some of them with millionaire audiences as the Spanish YouTube channel of Vlad and Niki. Knowing how a channel with such a successful audience is managed can provide interesting insights for content managers. This case study analyses the content published on the channel from its opening in December 2018 until February 2021. The research suggests that managers, with the aim of reaching a mass audience and obtaining brands to sponsor their account, modified the frequency and quantity of content, its duration, and even increased control in the production of content by contextualising it in environments with less recording issues and more scripted stories.