Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This study explores the persistence of gender gaps in the media representation of women in an environment with parity laws by investigating the role of organizational factors linked to three explanatory models of gender differences in news coverage of female candidates: (1) the supply model, (2) the gender model, and (3) the job model. Independence tests were conducted on monitoring data from 52 radio and television programs in Mexico to identify the factors that contributed to smaller gender gaps in the news coverage of the 2021 electoral campaigns. Smaller gender gaps were found in news programs produced by media outlets with a smaller geographic reach, public ownership regime, and led by women. The results support the explanations for the gender gaps in media coverage provided by the supply and job models.

This article studies the digital activism of three Chilean women with disabilities Instagram content creators. We used the ethnographic method to observe their activity in their public profiles. The results reveal an activism that encompasses educational objectives, denunciation, opinion on national issues, and coalition with other groups. The activists base their activism on concepts related to the social model of disability, feminism, ableism, inclusion, and diversity. It is concluded that digital activism is a powerful tool for the movement of people with disabilities and that it is part of a network of anti-ableist activism in resistance.

This research aims to analyze the consequences of the imposition of the neoliberal economic model on the activities of dairy cattle producers in the municipality of Marcos Castellanos, Michoacán. We used a network methodology to identify key actors in the municipality to whom we applied semi-structured interviews in group sessions. This research shows the crisis that the producers of Marcos Castellanos, Michoacán -one of the municipalities with the highest milk production in the state- are going through, which has caused discouragement among the producers, leading most of them to sell their cattle to look for other forms of subsistence. The results allow us to conclude that the economic crisis caused by the neoliberal model’s policies negatively impacted the dairy farmers of Marcos Castellanos, Michoacán, in the last two decades, particularly in the first three years of the Lopez Obrador government, whose administration has abandoned the livestock sector.

In this article, we inquire about how the logic that promoted the creation of the first National Parks in Argentina, within the framework of the expansion of the Nation-State and the establishment of capitalism in the region, continues to shape current conservation designs. In this regard, our hypothesis indicates that by implementing new National Parks, ways of thinking and relating to the environment are reproduced that, instead of providing solutions in various aspects, deepen socio-environmental problems. We reviewed the process of creating the Nahuel Huapi National Park, first in Argentina, to later relate it to the design of the El Impenetrable National Park, one of the last to be implemented in the country. After analyzing various sources, complemented with instances of participant observation, we detected the continuity of a fragmentary approach and the persistent denial of histories, relationships, and knowledge of the worlds on which the implementation of National Parks falls. In addition, we problematize how protected natural areas legitimize the mode of production and the utilitarian rationality that led to the current socio-environmental crises.

In Mexico, since 1988, due to the principle of environmental concurrence and distribution of powers, municipalities have the authority to issue the ecological ordering of their territory. The objective of this article is to know the limitations that prevent 111 municipal governments of Jalisco from developing these environmental policy instruments, identify which of them participate in some development process, and determine the follow-up given to the fourteen existing ones. For this purpose, we carried out a structured interview, through transparency (Instituto de Transparencia, Información Pública y Protección de Datos Personales del Estado de Jalisco, ITEI), with the staff of each of the town halls that represent the municipalities that do not have a local ecological ordering; also, a corroboration consultation in the same way with managers of the Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial, government entity of Jalisco, for having an impact on the matter; finally, a detailed review of the process of those that are current. The results show the following impediments to their local ecological ordinances elaboration: lack of budget, lack of trained personnel, absence of an administrative unit in charge, that its elaboration entails a long process, among other factors. We conclude with the general condition of Jalisco and its municipalities in the issuance of regional ecological regulations, emphasizing the local ones.

Within the Mesoamerican worldview, maize is synonymous with the body and represents the primary food of the human being, accompanied by a complex planting system known as milpa. Said system, we believe, celebrates the interrelation between the diversity of species, serving, in this way, as a metaphor to understand our social construction. In this metaphor, there is an interrelationship between human beings and the landscape in a chain of changes manifested in daily life; that is to say, the changes are visible by exploring inhabiting; how we produce; and how our environment produces us. Through the rescue of this interrelation exploring the narration of daily life in Baxtla, Veracruz, this article aims to blur the fine lines that separate the milpa from one of the ancestral traditions that accompany Mesoamerican men and women to this day: the celebration of death.

[Objetivo] Esta investigación plantea como objetivo identificar las conexiones matemáticas que establecen futuros profesores sobre el concepto de ecuación cuadrática. [Metodología] Se empleó la técnica de entrevista de grupo focal para recolectar información. Esta consistió en la aplicación de cinco tareas a ocho futuros profesores que se encontraban cursando la Licenciatura en Matemática, área Matemática Educativa. Los participantes son de la ciudad de Chilpancingo del estado de Guerrero en México y sus edades oscilaban entre 21 y 23 años. Debido a la pandemia causada por el COVID-19, las cuatro sesiones grupales se realizaron de manera virtual con una duración de 80 minutos cada una. Se utilizó el análisis temático para examinar los datos recabados. [Resultados] Las producciones escritas y verbales de los futuros profesores indicaron que cada uno usó de forma variada las conexiones matemáticas. De manera general, las de más frecuencia fueron procedimental, características y significado; con menor frecuencia, parte-todo, modelado e implicación. Dichas conexiones corresponden a las contempladas en el marco teórico, por lo que se puede argumentar que este resulta válido y pertinente para explorar las conexiones matemáticas en futuros profesores, al resolver tareas matemáticas. [Conclusiones] Los participantes dieron significado al concepto de ecuación cuadrática en cuanto a lo que significa en contextos reales y lograron representar la función cuadrática de diversas formas, en el registro algebraico y gráfico. Sin embargo, la mayoría no estableció todas las conexiones matemáticas previstas.

Education has been regarded as a major route to economic prosperity. Its potentials, if properly exploited, have the tendency to revolutionize a nation’s productivity, income, and development. [Objetive] In this work, a mathematical model was formulated, and an epidemiological modeling approach was explored to derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for agricultural and industrial transformation in Nigeria in terms of education. The use of mathematics to quantify such a phenomenon is relatively new. [Methodology] Ample mathematics theorems were employed to test for the existence, boundedness, and positivity of the model’s solutions which are basic features of a valid epidemiological model. The model was solved to derive the equilibrium points, and the analytic threshold that governed revolution in industry and agriculture in terms of education was derived. Stability and sensitivity analyses were conducted via the stability theory of nonlinear differential equations and normalized forward sensitivity index, respectively. Simulations were later conducted using the Maple software to validate the analytical results.  [Results] A government expenditure of 25% on education with or without corruption did not make education functional. Also, an increase in expenditure on education to 65% but with corruption of more than 30% retarded functional education. In general, education became functional when government investment in education attained 60%, with corruption levels lower than 20%. [Conclusions] Both the analytical and numerical results linked agricultural transformation and industrial revolution through functional education to massive investment in education and victory over corruption.

[Objective] From 1988 to 2018, high school students in Costa Rica had to pass a final exam to graduate from high school and be eligible for public university education. In this context, students had to choose a national science test from the areas of physics, chemistry, and biology. Historically, chemistry was the least chosen (4-6 %) of those sciences. On the other hand, there is a need -at the national level- to increase interest in careers related to STEM (Sciences, technology, engineering, and mathematics). [Methodology] Under both premises, in 2016, the first national camp (called Quimi Camp) to promote scientific vocations was held to encourage high school students in Costa Rica to choose chemistry. Quimi Camp is an event supported by the OLCOQUIM National Chemistry Olympiad and the OLCOCI National Science Olympiad, which are in turn organized by the five Costa Rican State universities and the LANOTEC CENAT National Nanotechnology Laboratory at the National Center of High Technology, with the consent of the Ministry of Education (MEP) and the Ministry of Science, Innovation, Technology and Telecommunication (MICITT). The participating students made the final evaluation of this event. [Results] The results showed an excellent perception of the event regarding its organization and content. [Conclusions] Quimi Camp promoted students' vocation for science and engineering and positively influenced the selection of a University Career in STEM.

[Objective] The current study explored the correlation and contribution of critical thinking and metacognitive skills toward female and male students' retention in senior high school. [Methodology] This study used a descriptive correlational design, where critical thinking and metacognitive skills served as the predictor, during retention as the criterion. A total of 230 students participated in this study. The participants comprised 112 (48.70%) male students and 118 (51.30%) female students. An essay test and a scoring rubric were used to collect data on participants' critical thinking and metacognitive skills. The research data were analyzed using a multiple regression analysis at a 5% significance level, followed by ANOVA to examine the contribution of critical thinking and metacognitive skills toward male and female students' retention. [Results] The statistical analysis revealed that the simultaneous contribution of critical thinking and metacognitive skills toward female students' retention was higher than that toward male students' retention. The effective contribution values of critical thinking and metacognitive skills toward male students' retention were 2.44% and 10.06%, respectively. Meanwhile, critical thinking and metacognitive skills contributed 7.89% and 12.81% toward female students' retention. [Conclusions] There was a simultaneous correlation between critical thinking, metacognitive skills, and retention of male and female high school students. The effective contribution of critical thinking and metacognitive skills toward female students' retention was more significant than that toward male students' retention. The findings of this study suggest that high school teachers need to consider gender equality when implementing learning strategies to improve critical thinking and metacognitive skills.