Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Ensuring the uninterrupted operation of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems is critical for industrial environments that rely on continuous monitoring and control of equipment. However, in the Microgrid Laboratory at the University of Cuenca, routine maintenance procedures have revealed a significant vulnerability: the SCADA system temporarily loses communication and control capabilities when some of the devices are powered down, resulting in forced system downtime. This paper investigates practical strategies to enhance SCADA system availability by addressing this critical limitation. Three hypotheses were explored: first, an issue in network redundancy management; second, with disconnecting  of a device from the fiber-optic ring network; and third, programming errors within the LabVIEW-developed SCADA application. Experimental results demonstrated that these approaches, particularly the software-level improvements in LabVIEW, successfully maintained system control and communication during maintenance. The proposed solutions offer a scalable and cost-effective pathway to increase the resilience of SCADA systems in microgrid environments.

Rock fragmentation by blasting is fundamental in the mining sector. This process seeks to optimize rock size for subsequent extraction, transport, and processing. Predicting this fragmentation becomes a crucial task for improving operational efficiency; however, the application of simplified formulas lacks precision and adaptability to lithological variations. This study proposes the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for the accurate estimation of the average diameter of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Based on a set of 97 real fragmentation and blasting data from around the world, the Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regressor (SVR), and Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) algorithms were evaluated, along with the Kuz-Ram equation, widely used in the industry. The results indicate that AI models significantly outperform the conventional equation. RF offers the highest accuracy with MSE of 0.0017 and R2 of 95.38%. In contrast, SVR achieves values of 0.0064 and 83.13%, while KRR achieves 0.016 and 69.60%. The adequate performance of these algorithms has led to the development of an application that allows users to view drilling grids, set specific dimensions, and compare projections of average rock size. This tool facilitates informed decision-making, improving mining processes and promoting more reliable and sustainable results in different operational contexts.

This paper presents the development of a technological solution based on image processing for the immersive digitization of the Murocomba Protected Forest, located in the province of Los Ríos, Ecuador. The proposal integrates the use of a 360° camera to capture high-quality spherical images, which were digitally processed to optimize their sharpness, correct imperfections, and facilitate their integration into an interactive virtual environment. As part of the system, an artificial intelligence model with YOLOv8 architecture was implemented, trained to detect plant species present in the forest trails. These detections were incorporated into a web application that allows users to explore the trail remotely, interact with the content, and identify the flora of the site without the need for physical presence. The project seeks to offer an alternative for the conservation of the ecosystem through digital access to its biodiversity, reducing direct human impact and promoting environmental education. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of combining immersive technologies and sensing models to represent natural environments with high ecological value in an accessible and sustainable way.

Technical Baccalaureate (BT) education in public institutions in Ecuador is based on the development of competencies through the acquisition of theoretical and practical knowledge. This prepares students for their insertion in the labor market, to undertake personal projects, or to continue their higher education. In this context, the objective of this article is to apply Project Based Learning (PBL) as an innovative educational practice in the teaching-learning process of the third year students of the Technical Baccalaureate of the Consumer Electronics specialty of the Guillermo Mensi Educational Unit and that contributes to the strengthening of the competencies acquired by the students. This research is based on a mixed research approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods for data collection and analysis. The sample included 38 students and 7 teachers, selected through non-probabilistic sampling. Academic performance, as well as student and teacher satisfaction, were evaluated before and after the implementation of PBL. The results revealed a positive impact of PBL in the following aspects: academic performance, teaching methodology in the BT, development of competencies, and educational resources. Finally, it is concluded that the implementation of PBL as an innovative educational practice in the BT positively influenced the strengthening of the competencies acquired by the students who participated in the Microprocessed Equipment and Systems module during the 2022 - 2023 school year.

Parental alienation syndrome has been considered a phenomenon that disrupts family relationships, attacking the best interests of children and adolescents; however, legally the effects of its adoption within judicial rulings are unknown. Hence, this research addresses the criteria and requirements that the Constitutional Court has established so that the parental alienation syndrome affects decision-making that affects the rights of children in family judicial proceedings. This study is approached from a qualitative method that highlights jurisprudential analysis as a systematic tool to decant the results and the respective conclusions, for this purpose the technique of the jurisprudential line proposed by the author Lopez Medina (2006) was used, which refers to the consultation of one archimedical sentence with reverse engineering about three sentences, nodal points and citational niches, to arrive at the contrasts, as well as the final reflection of the required analysis. From this, the main result is the need to carry out a scientific evaluation of the psyche of boys, girls and adolescents, in order to demonstrate the objective origin of the parental alienation syndrome in judicial processes, therefore it is concluded that Legal operators must deal with sufficiency, comprehensiveness and impartiality in cases where their best interests must be decided, to adopt rulings in their favor and not in favor of the interests of their parents.

In educational work, it is important to recognize the ingenuity of the teacher to face the challenges in the pedagogical task, seeking in this way to progressively innovate the teaching and learning experience. Therefore, the objective of the study was to examine the different didactic proposals used by teachers in the teaching of chemistry and biology; the methodology used was the structured literature review in the process of which 40 studies published during the last six years (2019-2024) were reviewed to undergo qualitative content analysis; the results can be useful for the academic community to know the potential of didactic resources from different learning scenarios in experimental sciences. The findings position the teacher in a constant acquisition and management of technological resources, gamified, experimental, others are related to the everyday or natural environment and others have served as support in the pedagogical process. To date, their implementation has not only enriched teaching, but has also radically transformed the educational experience, opening a range of possibilities for both teachers and students on their way to meaningful learning. In general, it can be concluded that there is still a growing demand for didactic resources to enrich the way science is taught and learned.

The objective of the research was to compare the knowledge on the application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) among students, teachers and the community of the San Ignacio village of the Playón Santander Municipality-Colombia, as well as to evaluate the pedagogical strategies used by teachers for Agricultural Education as a basis for sustainable development. The study was based on the theories of Márquez-Delgado et al (2021), Núñez (2019), FAO (2004), Tibaduiza Castañeda et al (2022), Díaz-Barriga and Hernández (2010), among other authors. The methodology was comparative, with a field, cross-sectional and non-experimental design. The sample consisted of: 11 teachers, 111 students from the San Ignacio Educational Institution and 30 community representatives. Two instruments were applied for data collection: One with 26 items for teachers, students and the community and the other with 32 items for teachers, both with a rating scale from 1 to 5, validated by 5 experts and with Cronbach's Alpha reliability of 0.91 and 0.92 respectively. The results obtained according to the ANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the four indicators measured: Farmer safety, environmental care, food safety and animal welfare. Teachers showed greater knowledge in environmental care and animal protection compared to the community, while both students and teachers showed more knowledge about farmer safety and food safety. Teachers evaluated different educational strategies related to GAP: Forest School, Field School, Learning Communities and Productive Educational Project, with significant variations in the level of knowledge of these strategies. The findings underscore the need to strengthen agricultural education in the community by adapting educational strategies to promote GAP and sustainable agricultural practices in rural communities in the region.

This article has three objectives: first, to understand, through the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze, how a philosophical cartography is created; second, to present one as an example, in this case, that of ancient Stoicism; third, to think about how the generation of cartographies makes it possible to conceive the creation of philosophical maps as openings towards dissimilar modes of existence. Thus, fixed on these difficulties, the text first discusses the Logic (as a technical term) of relationships, the images of philosophers, and the “figures of thought” as the framework under which philosophy creates cartographies. Second, it presents Stoicism as a Logic of incorporeals that created a way of existence that affirms “the event”. Finally, the article discusses how the creation of cartographies, assumed as philosophical (geometric) nomadology, breaks with the idea of a sedentary history of philosophy.

This paper explores and analyzes the development of a hegemonic discourse on humanness within the framework of the colonial system, whose analytical focus is philosophical racism. To this end, we begin by problematizing the alleged neutrality and universality of philosophical discourse around the category of humanness through the systematic exclusion of women from philosophical discourse in order to show how the philosophical discourse of genericity turns out to be a limited and exclusionary one. Second, we focus on the dynamics of the modern/colonial system from which discourses of social classification and hierarchization based on racial identities are constructed, as well as the imposition of Europe as the representative nucleus of the human ideal, in order to examine how a hegemonic idea of the human is developed in this context. Finally, we question how philosophy contributes to the development of the hegemonic conceptualization of humanness, approaching it from the perspective of philosophical racism.

Schelling’s 1806 essay against Fichte is important for two reasons: it discusses (1) the impossibility of idealism to grasp the real and objective status of Being and, therefore, the need for a metaphysical grounding of reflection situated outside of consciousness itself; (2) the discovery of the irreversibility of nature in God, which sheds new light on Schelling’s speculations about the relation between the ideal and the real ground of philosophy. Schelling changed the stance first presented in the System of Transcendental Idealism of 1800 to one according to which there is a non-derivative relation between nature and God: both are independent beings; at the same time, he makes God, as in classical metaphysics, a being that transcends nature. This allows Schelling to overcome the problem of the idealist distinction between logical and real movement, although it destroys the possibility of a single system of philosophy in the years after 1806.