Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Climate change poses a significant challenge to road infrastructure, particularly for flexible pavements in tropical countries like Panama. Adverse effects of climate change, such as rising temperatures and intensified rainfall, threaten the durability and performance of these vital structures. This study aims to assess the vulnerability of flexible pavements in Panama to climate change and propose mitigation strategies to enhance their resilience and extend their service life. A comprehensive literature review and a detailed theoretical analysis of the phenomena involved were conducted, including viscoelasticity and thermal fatigue models. Previous studies on the impact of climate change on flexible pavements were examined, and mitigation strategies, such as the use of modified materials and advanced drainage technologies, were analysed. The analysis revealed that flexible pavements in Panama are particularly vulnerable to increased temperatures and intense rainfall. The use of polymer modifiers in asphalt mixtures and the implementation of advanced drainage systems were identified as effective strategies to improve pavement resilience. It is concluded that adapting current flexible pavement designs is crucial to address the challenges of climate change in Panama. The implementation of customized mitigation strategies for the different regions of the country and the conduct of empirical studies to validate the proposed theoretical models are recommended.

La necesidad de sondas de osciloscopio de alta precisión en contextos donde no siempre se dispone de opciones comerciales de calidad ha impulsado el desarrollo de esta investigación. Este estudio se centró en diseñar y construir una sonda de osciloscopio capaz de operar en un rango de frecuencia de 1 Hz a 1 GHz, manteniendo la integridad de la señal y minimizando la atenuación. Se realizó una selección detallada de materiales y componentes, como conectores BNC y cables coaxiales RG-58 y RG-6, además de un circuito de compensación ajustable en configuraciones x1 y x10. Las pruebas de rendimiento incluyeron barridos de frecuencia y comparaciones con sondas comerciales para validar la precisión de las mediciones en condiciones de baja y alta frecuencia. La sonda fabricada mostró un rendimiento comparable a las sondas comerciales, logrando una atenuación mínima de señal y un desfase de solo 0,35 dB a 980 MHz. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan la importancia de seleccionar componentes de alta precisión y de un diseño de circuito de compensación adecuado para reducir el ruido y mantener la precisión en aplicaciones de medición electrónica

Growing concern about climate change and the need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels has prompted many countries to seek renewable alternatives for electricity generation. In this context, photovoltaic energy emerges as a viable and accessible solution, allowing residential and industrial consumers to generate their own energy and inject the surplus into the grid. In Panama, the information available on energy consumption and PV systems installed at the residential level is scarce and inaccurate. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze the potential of implementing solar panels in single-family residences in Panama. By way of context, a literature review of previous studies that have evaluated the impact of these systems and the rebound effect in various geographic and socioeconomic contexts is presented. A survey was applied to 101 households to collect information on consumption and user habits. In addition, energy audits and the design of the photovoltaic systems of three representative residences at each of the simple low voltage tariffs were carried out. It was shown that there is a high interest among households to adopt solar energy and that the impact of the rebound effect must be taken into account in the design of the systems. However, there are barriers such as lack of knowledge about the technology. The study showed that the implementation of photovoltaic systems has a significant potential to reduce grid electricity consumption.

This study addresses the absence of a comprehensive legal framework that regulates Digital Government in Mexico and protects the user in the Government-Citizen relationship. It aims to analyze the rights to Digital Government in the country considering: 1) the growing relevance and use of Information and Communication Technologies in public management and 2) the principle of legality that governs all state action. The research aims to classify the rights of citizens to Digital Government through a documentary analysis of the institutional and legal framework at the federal level of Digital Government in Mexico during the period 2019-2024, with an approach based on the hierarchy of laws. The findings reveal that the rights to Digital Government can be grouped into five key dimensions: 1) digital social inclusion, 2) access and completion of procedures and services, 3) right to access public information, 4) protection of personal data and 5) emerging rights such as biometrics and electronic voting. In conclusion, the right to Digital Government in Mexico comprises a set of rights defined with their respective regulatory frameworks and others that are still in the process of regulation as technology advances in the country.

Panama's carbon footprint is an important topic when we talk about climate change and sustainability. This study looks at the CO2 emissions from traditional vehicles and stoves, and how switching to electric options could make a difference. Our goal is to understand the emissions from these two areas and the potential benefits of going electric. We collected data on vehicle and stove usage at Building #1 of the Technological University of Panama, Victor Levi Sasso campus. Using a mathematical model, we estimated the CO2 emissions from the vehicles used by staff and students, as well as from the kitchens. We also gathered information from reliable sources to calculate the carbon footprint of both types of technologies. Our findings show that traditional vehicles produce more CO2 than electric ones, which highlights the benefits of moving towards electric transportation. However, we found that electric stoves could generate more CO2 than gas ones, indicating that switching to electric stoves might not always be the best choice for reducing emissions right now. Overall, adopting electric vehicles is a great way for Panama to lower CO2 emissions, but switching to electric cookstoves may not be the best move at this time.

Este estudo analisa a evolução científica da energia solar fotovoltaica em residências familiares por meio de uma análise bibliométrica baseada no Scopus e ferramentas como Bibliometrix e VOSviewer. Foram examinados 414 documentos publicados entre os anos 2000 e 2024, aplicando-se uma abordagem quantitativa e técnicas de visualização de redes. Os resultados evidenciam um crescimento sustentado desde 2008 e um auge desde 2016, impulsionado pelo interesse global em energias renováveis. As principais contribuições provêm de áreas como energia, engenharia e ciências ambientais, com a consolidação de “Applied Energy” e “Energies” como revistas-chave. Conceitos como “energia solar” e “eficiência energética” dominam o campo, com destaque para temas catalisadores como o armazenamento de energia e a integração de redes inteligentes, e temas emergentes como as simulações energéticas. Recomenda-se ampliar as fontes de dados e explorar abordagens comparativas para melhorar a compreensão dos fatores que afetam a adoção desta tecnologia.

Os assentamentos urbanos, caracterizados por assentamentos densos e desenvolvidos organicamente, apresentam desafios únicos em termos de conforto térmico ao ar livre. Este estudo investiga como variáveis físicas importantes — disposição dos edifícios, materiais de superfície e vegetação — afetam o microclima dos espaços ao ar livre em Tamansari, Bandung, utilizando simulações ENVI-met 4. Os resultados revelam que a refletividade dos materiais influencia significativamente a temperatura do ar, com pavimentos de baixo albedo se mostrando mais eficazes na redução do acúmulo de calor. O arranjo compacto dos edifícios, com uma alta relação altura/largura, proporciona sombreamento essencial, mitigando o estresse térmico, enquanto a vegetação estrategicamente posicionada aumenta o sombreamento e o fluxo de vento, contribuindo para melhorar o conforto térmico. Essas informações oferecem diretrizes valiosas para arquitetos e urbanistas que projetam ambientes urbanos de alta densidade e que respondem às mudanças climáticas. O estudo ressalta a importância de integrar estratégias de resfriamento passivo para melhorar a habitabilidade ao ar livre em kampungs urbanos, especialmente em climas tropicais.

A construção Bahareque evoluiu ao longo do tempo, mas hoje corre o risco de desaparecer devido à escassez de materiais, à escassez de mão de obra e à preferência por sistemas "mais duráveis ​​e versáteis". Este estudo explora a revitalização do bahareque, uma técnica de construção ancestral do povo Kichwa de Saraguro - Equador, por meio de uma abordagem metodológica mista com várias etapas: análise de materialidade, projeto, análise estrutural e construção de um painel bahareque que integra a iconografia andina e se adapta aos pórticos contemporâneos de concreto, metal e madeira; Desenvolvimento de workshop prático para disseminar e avaliar a viabilidade da construção por meio de mutirões. Os resultados destacam a viabilidade do bahareque na construção moderna, com custo acessível e eficiência estrutural. Seu uso foi promovido pelo incentivo à participação comunitária e à transmissão de conhecimentos ancestrais. É uma alternativa para a construção contemporânea, preservando a identidade cultural e adaptando-se aos desafios ambientais.

Energy communities represent a transformative paradigm for democratizing access to renewable energy, decentralizing power systems, and fostering economic sustainability. This study analyzes their global development, with an emphasis on developing countries such as Colombia. The research employs a systematic literature review in Scopus and a keyword co‑occurrence analysis to identify trends; in addition, Colombian regulatory documents were examined to contextualize the findings. The discussion addresses distributed generation, peer‑to‑peer (P2P) energy trading, and regulatory frameworks that drive local energy transitions. Although the opportunities are significant in Colombia, challenges persist in infrastructure, regulation, and social acceptance, particularly in the Caribbean region. The article proposes context‑specific strategies from international experiences to overcome these barriers and consolidate decentralized energy systems that accelerate the country’s energy transition and sustainable development.

This research examines the thermal comfort of four non-air-conditioned dwellings located in a rural Andean region of Ecuador, at an altitude of 3,000 meters above sea level (masl), to identify passive design strategies. The study describes the environmental and construction characteristics of two neo-vernacular dwellings built with natural materials (TRA-01 and TRA-02) and two dwellings with modern materials (CON-01 and CON-02). Indoor and outdoor temperature and relative humidity variables were monitored for eight days, along with envelope surface temperatures. The comfort range was evaluated using the operating temperature. The results showed that three dwellings had stable indoor temperatures, although only the straw bale dwelling was partially within the comfort range. The study concludes that the envelope’s thermal insulation, bioclimatic design, and construction quality are needed to maintain adequate temperatures in these cold climate zones.