Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of the research is related to continuous improvement activities in teacher preparation for the development of motor skills during the educational transition from preschool to first grade in the rural context. It is elaborated on the basis of the training needs present in the current scenarios; so that they can be in a position to acquire the optimal knowledge to educate children in preschool and primary childhood. The contributions on the development of motor skills in the educational transition from preschool to first grade in physical activities are incipient. It is necessary to work on the development of motor skills from teacher improvement, paying attention to the pedagogical and psychological characteristics of that age. Methods such as: analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive, documentary analysis and modeling, observation, interview, survey, specialist criteria and statistical-mathematician were used. It is necessary to highlight the results related to a methodology for the improvement of rural education teachers, since it enhanced this performance in conducting the educational transition between these educational levels and the continuous integral development of children for their full school incorporation and life. usually. The impact generated positive changes in 85% of the teachers: superior in relation to the initial ones. At the same time, greater preparation was achieved to contribute to the development of motor skills in the educational transition process from preschool to first grade. Likewise, a significant development is observed about the importance of the adequate methodological treatment of these contents.

The evaluation of academic efficiency is a way to conduct the training of professionals based on economic and social development. In Cuba, the studies carried out so far around academic efficiency do not understand its evaluation as a planned model; therefore, the analyzes are insufficient to achieve a true qualitative leap. Some investigations provide indicators of terminal and vertical academic efficiency, as well as studies of withdrawals by courses and centers, based on statistical information and apparent cohorts. Other authors even propose measures to reverse this situation, so that they contribute to raising the teaching results of the students of the different university careers, to increase the permanence and the rates of graduates. The report exposes the behavior of academic efficiency by source of income in the Universalization of Physical Culture of the Yateras municipality (2003-2014). The universe is made up of the 230 students as initial enrollment and the 197 graduates as final enrollment during the 6 inaugurated courses. Scientific methods were used such as: historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, interview, bibliographic review, etc. students in the cycle. The terminal academic efficiency of the career behaves in a general way for 85.6%. The results shown in this study exceed the academic efficiency of the study developed by the Ministry of Higher Education by 42.8%, with a decreasing trend.

The implementation of strength and speed exercises in sports such as baseball, which require power training as a fundamental tool to perform the horizontal impulse necessary to accelerate forward and thus maximize performance in players. In response to the demand for this capacity, it is recognized as the objective of this study to design an integrated strength-speed training based on second base stealing in baseball. The verification is planned by defining two groups: control and experimental, in two moments: pre and posttest. The experimental stage takes place during the preseason, consisting of a sample of 20 players with 20.84 years of age and 79.82 kg, on average. Analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, historical-logical, systemic-structural-functional methods were used as theoretical methods and content analysis, observation and measurement as empirical. For linear velocity measurement, the variables analyzed are the 30-yard test and the maximum squat force tests. The results achieved indicated significant improvements in the experimental group in the two tests carried out, with % of increases equal to 3.48 and 7.46 % respectively. There were no significant differences between the results achieved in the pre and post-test of the GC, which was carried out in baseball training. It is shown that moderate intensity plyometric exercise training based on squat exercises using the non-fatigue training method, favors greater sprint acceleration in baseball.

The present investigation is developed from the deficiencies detected in the use of the elements of difficulty of Sports Aerobic Gymnastics in the Camagüey 2017 national university competition. a significant number of errors in the execution of these movements during the event, plus teaching of the elements of difficulty based on elements related to Rhythmic Gymnastics and Artistic Gymnastics, demanded a prompt scientific investigation in this regard. Regarding the teaching of Aerobic Sports Gymnastics, several authors have dealt with the instruction of some elements of difficulty. Even so, there are other elements, typical of this sport, of which there are no declared forms for its teaching in the Cuban university context. When analyzing the deficiencies, it was detected that the cause of the problem lies in the fact that the coaches do not have ways to teach the elements of this sport, which is why the objective of the investigation is drawn up: to develop a methodological model for the teaching of the elements of difficulty for the university teams of Sport Aerobic Gymnastics, using theoretical and empirical methods such as: analysis-synthesis, modeling, document review and interview. The work covers different criteria that make up the intrinsic elements of a model: the objective, the indicators that describe the content and the guidelines for its application. The solution of the methodological model for the teaching of the elements of difficulty of Aerobic Sports Gymnastics, generates positive general results, of impact to the problem posed.

The research explores the level of participation of families in school sports initiation, from the perspective of Popular Education. The idea of ​​taking advantage of this pedagogical conception as theoretical support and practical orientation, is given by two fundamental reasons: contextualization of ideas of its main precursor, the Brazilian Paulo Freire. Due to his influence, this educator represents a precursor, who has an impact on Latin American pedagogy. Based on their experiences, an active participation of the actors involved is sought on the basis of dialogue. In second place is the usefulness that Popular Education acquires at this time in the Cuban context to be able to innovate traditionalist pedagogical styles that persist in the education of families. The result corresponds to an investigation, in progress, of the scientific project Improvement of the processes of initiation, selection and sports preparation, of the Faculty of Physical Culture, University of Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez". It applies to families of athletics practitioners, between 10 and 12 years old, belonging to the "Julio Antonio Mella" sports team of the municipality of Sancti Spíritus. The information obtained by different applied scientific methods (observation, interview, analysis group, experiential workshop, document analysis) reveals a tendency towards a decrease in the participation of families and their passive nature in the initiation of school sports. Potentialities associated with motivation were also found that can be used to raise the level of participation of this socio-educational agency from the principles and techniques of Popular Education as an innovative option.

Enhancing physical abilities is one of the fundamental assumptions to optimize the athlete's preparation. A good amount of research highlights strength as a determining capacity in the soccer player's performance, for which work strategies such as the implementation of functional training are established. In this sense, the present investigation aims to determine the influence of functional training on strength capacity in soccer players of different training categories. In view of this analysis, several deficiencies were observed in the annual planning of preparation in the sports team of the Valle Independiente Football Training School. The research is descriptive-correlational and studies the effects of functional training on strength capacity in 60 soccer players (male and female) from different training categories. Significant differences are evident in the five strength tests applied: Maximum Strength, Horizontal Jump, Vertical Jump, Elbow Flexion and Abdominals. The positive effects on strength capacity were higher in the training category with the highest age range (Under-18). A significant improvement in the strength capacity is verified in the different members of the soccer players, after implementing a functional training adapted to the characteristics and needs of the athletes studied; Emphasis is placed on the positive effects valued in the category with the highest age range (Under-18). It is recommended prospectively to extend the study to an experimental investigation, which clarifies doubts that arose in the consultation of the different primary sources of investigation.

Detraining presupposes a process of progressive return to the baseline state of the athlete for his new condition. On the other hand, the graduate of the Physical Culture career, should solve general and frequent problems in the base link, plus the promotion and execution of prophylactic, therapeutic sports activities; guaranteeing a healthy lifestyle for the population. However, in the case of PLAN E students, they show limitations in the therapeutic prophylactic sphere, related to sports detraining; and there are no strategies that train them in that mode of professional action. Former athletes have a physical-medical, psychological and social educational need and the need for a degree in Physical Culture is imposed for detraining. The scientific questioning, how to promote the mode of professional performance of sports detraining in the Physical Culture graduate?, is the object of reflection so that the graduate can intervene in its health, preventive and prophylactic dimensions during the detraining of former athletes in school contexts. , family and community. The objective is the design of a curricular strategy to promote the way of professional performance of sports training, in the training of the Physical Culture graduate: a process that is transversalized in the career from the Investigative Labor Training discipline. For its development, methods such as analysis-synthesis, the criteria of specialists, the interview and the percentage calculation were used. It was concluded in the feasibility of the strategy through the criteria of specialists; corroborating its usefulness for the collective. Loo that raises the professionalization in this training activity.

The muscle's ability to lengthen allows a greater range of joint movement, an important factor that enables energy savings in in motor skills, decrease muscle stiffness, enhances the movements coordination, preventing injuries; therefore, previous studies in untrained organisms make it possible to make decisions for the preparation content design of the organism from the view point of physical stimulation. In this sense, the research objective is to analyze the differences in arched back stretching by gender, in high school students. An intentional non-probalistic sampling is applied, assessing 55 students from the "Cotogchoa" Educational Unit in the Sangolquí city, comparing by gender the joint amplitude of the arched back stretch, the movement speed, and its gravity center. In the "Arched Back Angle" an average range of (38.32) was found in men and (15.62) in women (p=0.000), with a greater flexibility capacity in the female gender. The "Movement Speed" an average range of (25.90) was found in men and (30.52) in women (p=0.287), while the "Gravity Center in X & Y" showed significant differences at female gender favor (p=0.000). In this sense, it is recommended to extend the study to other age ranges, and to establish prospective strategies that culminate in the specialized contents design of physical preparation by gender, from the approach of specialized physical activity for untrained organisms.

The objective of the research is to develop a methodology that allows diagnosing the psychomotor development of children between 6 and 8 years old. The present inquiry is the result of the research carried out by the authors since 2019 in the Sagrado Corazón Fiscomisional Educational Unit in the province of Esmeraldas, with a population of 98 children, of which a sample of 26 aged between six and six was taken. and eight years who attend the first stage of Basic Education, as well as a sample of 4 Physical Education teachers. The diagnosis of psychomotor development as a process is a little studied phenomenon in rural populations. The study is based on the general practical theoretical approaches of the psychopedagogical diagnosis and the favorable conditions that its application represents for Physical Education teachers of the first level of the educational system. With the results obtained, the need to build a methodology to diagnose the development of the child needs and strengthen their biological, psychological and affective structure for a harmonious progress of their general capacities, which will provide a better quality of life and a better development in the different social contexts, was corroborated.The proposal is subject to content validity through the expert criteria technique. The study constitutes important guidance material for physical education teachers in planning, execution and control.

La Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN) cuenta con una carpintería que desarrolla y arregla parte del mobiliario para las oficinas y aulas de la universidad. El presente trabajo permitió identificar los factores del riesgo relacionado con la inhalación del polvo de madera en el taller de la carpintería, este análisis y la toma de mediciones puntuales, permitió identificar las áreas que generan mayor cantidad de contaminante, así como deficiencias en la ventilación y ciertos procedimientos. Posterior a la identificación se realizó la evaluación del riesgo, para ello fue necesario realizar mediciones con un muestreador personal, el cual permitió determinar la exposición diaria. Con la exposición diaria, se realizó la comparación con los límites permisibles para el contaminante en estudio y se concluyó con la “no conformidad” y un nivel de riesgo inaceptable. Por último, se propuso medidas de control para disminuir el nivel del riesgo. En el medio se propuso la implementación de un sistema de extracción localizado, el cual fue diseñado y simulado según las condiciones del taller y el contaminante. En el receptor, se recomendó el uso de equipos de protección personal para las vías respiratorias y oculares. Como medidas administrativas, la implementación de señalética y la mejora del procedimiento de limpieza de la carpintería. La norma UNE-EN 689:2019+AC 2019 permitió establecer los lineamientos principales para el desarrollo del estudio.