Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

OBJECTIVES: to identify and to analyse current guidelines/directives on the use of bitewing radiograph among adolescents, evaluating the evidence supporting the parameters used for its indication and for the determination of the time interval prescribed between successive shots for the caries diagnosis. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in 2022/23, in Spanish, English and Portuguese to identify papers classifiable as “guides”, “guidelines” or “directives” for the use of bitewing radiography. Two reviewers consulted MEDLINE, LILACS, SCOPUS and Google Scholar.  Each guideline was analysed according to the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II). RESULTS: Six guidelines and five documents were included. Five guidelines comply adequately with domain 1 but none of them included patient’s opinions or preferences. They are based on expert opinion, with adequate and clear language. Only two guidelines members declare having no conflicts of interest. While ADA    2012, AAPD 2017, EAPD 2019, ITALIA 2019 suggest using the presence of caries lesions/caries risk assessment as an indicator for taking Rx at the first visit, the others do not present an indicator or do so in all patients and documents indicate key ages for radiographic examination. The frequency varies according to the risk assessment and presence of caries lesion. CONCLUSION: There is no consensus in parameters used for the indication/timing and frequency of radiographs examination, however, the guidelines condemns the indiscriminate use of radiographs. The frequency should be established in relation to the baseline conditions and determining factors present. Frequencies less than 12 months require justification.

Background: Self-perceived knowledge regarding the use of silver diamine fluoride is relevant for pediatric dentists. Objective: To correlate self-perceived knowledge with attitudes towards the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in pediatric dentists in Peru. Materials and methods: A validated self-reported questionnaire was published to 278 pediatric dentists in Peru. Covariates were collected on general characteristics, frequency, education, information and possible barriers regarding SDF. Results: 59.35% indicated having used silver diamine fluoride many times, while 13.67% never used the material. Moderate correlations were recorded between self-perceived knowledge of cavitated lesions with patient-related indications regarding the use of SDF, as well as self-perceived knowledge of non-cavitated lesions with patient-related indications regarding the use of SDF and with considerations for treatment outside the esthetic zone. Likewise, the use of SDF before restorative treatment was found to be related to considerations for treatment outside the esthetic zone. Conclusion: There is a moderate correlation between self-perceived knowledge and attitudes towards the use of SDF in Peruvian pediatric dentists. However, self-perceived knowledge should be reinforced to promote the use of this material, especially in the current context.            

This manuscript presents a proposal for incorporating a global approach and mastery learning, combined with deliberate practice, as innovative strategies to advance excellence in pediatric dentistry programs. The article explores the concept of “excellence,” emphasizing the importance of aligning these programs with the Sustainable Development Goals, the internationalization of dental education, and global health education competencies. The traditional training model in pediatric dentistry programs is challenged, and we propose a model of excellence that integrates structured repetition and analysis, enhanced by clinical simulation, to achieve impactful outcomes for students. By adopting these strategies, we believe that teaching and learning processes can be transformed, enabling future specialists not only to acquire knowledge and skills but also to apply them effectively and reflectively in clinical practice. We are confident that this approach will benefit both students and academic programs while contributing to improved oral health outcomes for pediatric patients and advancing pediatric dentistry globally. 

El estudio se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de las dietas formuladas con ensilado de residuos industriales pesqueros en la producción de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Se planteó la hipótesis de que el ensilado, elaborado mediante la fermentación de residuos industriales pesqueros utilizando bacterias lácticas, melaza, azúcar y sorbato de potasio, podría sustituir parcialmente la harina de pescado en las dietas de trucha sin afectar negativamente los parámetros productivos. Para la investigación, se seleccionaron truchas en la etapa de engorde y se diseñó un experimento con tres dietas diferentes: una dieta test con 0 % de ensilado y dos dietas experimentales con 20 % y 30 % de ensilado, respectivamente. Durante un período de 72 días, se monitorearon parámetros como ganancia de peso, conversión alimenticia y mortalidad. Los resultados mostraron que no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la ganancia de peso entre los tratamientos, con pesos promedio finales de 210,7 ± 50 gramos para la dieta test, 188,7 ± 51 gramos para la dieta con 20 % de ensilado y 206,1 ± 46 gramos para la dieta con 30 % de ensilado. En cuanto a la conversión alimenticia, los valores fueron similares entre los tratamientos, con ratios de 1,75 para la dieta test, 2,16 para la dieta con 20 % de ensilado y 1,78 para la dieta con 30 % de ensilado. La mortalidad también fue comparable entre los diferentes grupos. Se concluye que el ensilado de residuos pesqueros puede reemplazar parcialmente la harina de pescado en las dietas de trucha, obteniéndose resultados productivos similares.

A recently published article introduced the concept of Critical Ethnographies of Participatory Action. It examined the convergence of two methodological proposals made up by Ethnography and Participatory Action Research, particularly from epistemological perspectives, synthesizing into a new tool: the Critical Ethnographies of Participatory Action (CEPAs). This paper intends to provide a guideline for in-depth work on the methodological and technical process to develop a Critical Ethnography of Participatory Action in its different phases.

Revisión del libro Impensar las clases sociales: Un análisis diacrónico y relacional de las desigualdades sociales en Argentina (2003-2019) [doi: https://doi.org/10.24215/978-950-34-2371-4] de L. Muñiz Terra por C. E. Escalona.

This article results from research on the dynamics for the methodological orientations of the directors of the formative research processes in social sciences. It aimed to assess the transformations that contemporary scientific training is undergoing, based on the following question: how is the writing of the methodological chapter of theses or final degree essays oriented in the disciplines or professions that require them? For this purpose, and with the aim of exploring the changes in the social sciences based on practices, we focus on the writing process of undergraduate research papers. The research is developed from 17 interviews with professors from various areas related to the social sciences (anthropology, sociology, psychology, history, peace studies, pedagogy). The categories that guided the reflection and the inquiry process were taken from Marradi’s proposal (Marradi, Piovanni and Archentl, 2007), in which there is a distinction between descriptive and prescriptive orientations in methodological training. The findings allow us to identify descriptive and prescriptive fields of study, as well as others in intermediate positions. The discussion suggests that these practices reflect onto-epistemic assumptions and theoretical-methodological commitments that reproduce models that are stabilized in the social sciences at the end of the 20th century, proposing some descriptive orientations. After discarding the unity of method and methodological prescription, the need for further research to understand the tension in these formative dynamics in this space-time is concluded.

The methodological quality used in research impacts its results and may produce biases. Therefore, a systematic review of other systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the effectiveness of psychosocial intervention programs to reduce reoffending among young offenders was carried out, aiming to describe their characteristics and evaluate their methodological rigor. Among the 25 articles included, it was found that the majority (n=15) came from the United States, and most of the studies (n=20) performed meta-analytic calculations rather than narrative syntheses. Furthermore, the articles included showed an increasing production from the year 2000 onwards, with publications between 1985 and 2023. The methodological quality of most articles (n=18) was classified as critically low by the AMSTAR-2 tool. The characteristics of the included articles can be understood through historical data on the sociopolitical development of the juvenile justice system and the scientific development of the meta-analytic method itself. In turn, the low methodological quality observed points to a lack of transparency in the production of meta-analysis reports in the field of study focused on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions. Thus, some possible ways to bridge the existing gaps are discussed.

The widespread development of both biographical research and sociological studies of old age and ageing has led to a terminological profusion which, however, has not necessarily produced greater conceptual precision. Within this context, the article seeks to establish a systematic review of the bonds between the biographical approach and the sociology of ageing. To this end, it offers a critical reflection on the theoretical and methodological implications of the life course paradigm, considered as a privileged point of convergence between the two disciplinary fields. The analysis undertaken leads to the conclusion that, as the life course assumed a predominant position and sought to complexify and expand its scope, a paradox arose between its scope as a concept and as a paradigm that must be addressed, especially when it is used within the social study of old age and ageing. In addition, throughout the article, differences and similarities with other notions (such as "trajectory") are traced, with the aim of outlining a shared "dictionary" for both disciplinary fields, in order to promote dialogue between them and to provide conceptual clarity about their terms.

The article examines the methodological continuities and disruptions in modern Argentine population censuses and their impact on the construction of time series for key indicators used in household projections. To this end, a documentary corpus on the censuses was analyzed, and microdata from IPUMS International were processed, complemented by published data from the 2022 census. The results underscore the need for a differentiated approach to time series in order to generate more accurate prospective estimates. This study contributes to the consolidation of a baseline for prospective research in Argentina, providing tools for the post-demographic transition context.