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636,460 artículos
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Silva Araújo, Letícia; Almeida, Lucas Milanez de Lima; Cunha Leite, Alexandre Cesar
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This paper examines the trade relationship between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries and Brazil through the Marxist perspectives of dependency and deindustrialization. Since the 1990s, Brazil has undergone a deindustrialization process that has increased its reliance on exports of inputs and basic commodities, drivenby the growth and boom of global commodity markets and the actions of central economies. In contrast, the Asian experience has focused on high value-added products and fostering industrialization. Based on the data presented, it is concluded that, as part of the broader process of capital reproduction in a dependent economy, there has been a deepening of Brazil’strade dependency on ASEAN countries. Among other factors, this both reflects and exacerbates the deindustrialization process of the Brazilian economy.
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Aliphat Rodríguez, Rodrigo; Blancas Neria, Andrés
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This paper proposes an original composite index, the Global Economic Development Index (GEDI), uniquely integrating economic, social, and institutional factors. GEDI distinguishes emerging from developed economies, identifying specific economic, social, and institutional challenges and opportunities. It examines 129 economies, representing approximately 95% of global GDP in 2017, using over 30 indicators across 10 variables, including financial development, income distribution, environmental sustainability, and corruption. This index improves upon traditional income-based classifications used by institutions such as the World Bank (WB) and International Monetary Fund (IMF), hich often group diverse economies like China, Vietnam, and Bulgaria together despite significant structural and developmental differences. Thus, GEDI provides a more comprehensive understanding of economic gaps between developed and emerging economies.
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Suárez-Martínez, Juan Francisco; Sánchez Hernández, Reyna Berenice
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This study uses an ordered logit model to examine how the selective educational pairing of parents influences the academic achievement of their children in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. The results show that, compared to parents with only a primary education or no education, children whose mother has a higher level of education than their father are between 12 and 15 percentage points more likely to attain a professional degree. When the father has a higher level of education, the probability increases by between 5.6 and 10.5 percentage points compared to the same group. These findings highlight the need for policies that focus on households with low educational capital in order to equalize opportunities and promote social mobility
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Reyes Ayala, Leonardo; Cortina Calderón, Karina Guadalupe; Morales Sáenz, Francisco Isaí
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This study examines innovation patterns among Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries using data from the 2023Global Innovation Index. It contributes to the field by applying exploratory factor analysis combined with hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method, which provides aninformed taxonomy of innovative ecosystems in developed economies. Unlike previous studies, this paper uses dimensional reduction and clusters to categorize innovative capabilities using a three-dimensional typology and three distinctive country clusters. The results revealed differentiated patterns of innovative capabilities among countries, emphasizing the importance of the institutional environment, infrastructure and sustainability in innovative performance.
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Ochoa, Johanna; Morocho, Diana; Granda, Julio; Peláez, Lenin
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This study analyzes the effect of the Crédito de Desarrollo Humano (CDH)program on entrepreneurship and living conditions among the beneficiaries of the Bono de Desarrollo Humano (BDH), which is aimed at reducing the poverty rate and promoting the development of human capital. A Propensity Score Matching approach was used to estimate the causal effect of this program. The results show that CDH recipients are more likely to be self-employed through entrepreneurship and have better living conditions. However, a negative effect on housing quality was observed. These results can provide public agencies with tools to adjust their selection procedures.
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Ramón Sánchez, Álvaro
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This paper reinterprets the Yasuní-ITT Initiative from a critical geographical perspective, using world-systems theory at various scales. Ecuador sought to promote sustainable economic development by involving the international community, but the initiative was perceived as challenging the capitalist world economy. Fear of setting a precedent that would threaten the core-periphery structure, both socioeconomically and ecologically, contributed to its failure. Nevertheless, valuable lessons can be drawn from the Initiative’s experience for addressing the climate crisis and the possibilities and difficulties of sustainable development in Latin America.
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Tovar-Sanchez, Guillermo S.
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This study examines the relationship between investment in higher education, Science, Technology and Innovation, the training of Specialized Human Capital, digitalization and economic growth in Latin America (2000-2019). Three fixed-effects panel data models linked to the Progressive Structural Change model are estimated. Investment in research and development (R&D) and tertiary education drives the formation of Specialized Human Capital. Additionally, researcher density and digitalization positively impact economic growth and the interaction between Specialized Human Capital and education reinforces this effect. Political isomorphism between higher education and innovation systems is essential. The study recommends collaborative governance with long-term policies that integrate education, innovation and digitization.
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
., .
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
Versión ebook de Problemas del Desarrollo
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Muñoz Martinez, Ivonne Tatiana; Mariño Arévalo, Andrés Alberto
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This article examines how Colombian universities integrate the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into their strategies, comparing them with the strategies of universities and companies around the world. Using qualitative methodology and content analysis, the article identifies the presence of SDGs in university strategies and related business actions in Colombia and internationally. The results reveal that Colombian universities integrate the SDGs in a manner similar to international universities, demonstrating a strong correlation between business actions in Colombia and abroad with respect to the SDGs. However, the correlation between SDGs integration in university strategies and business actions is moderate globally and weak in Colombia
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Año:
2025
ISSN:
2007-8951, 0301-7036
Rodríguez-Ruiz, Javier Gonzalo
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between digitalization and economic growth in Mexico by constructing a Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) at the state level from 2015 to 2023. The results suggest that a 1% increase in the DESI boosts total GDP by 0.058%. This effect is double in states with greater economic progress, reaching 0.134%. The results also suggest that greater technological infrastructure, closing the digital divide and developing digital skills are imperative for Mexico to be among the world’s top ten economies. Additionally, these factors influence the reduction of heterogeneous state patterns of digitalization through the implementation of public policies on digital matters.
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Hecho en México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). 1997-2025.
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