Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This study evaluates the effects of the cumulative increase in the minimum wage since 2018 on employment in Mexico, treating the country as a single unit. To this end, two methodologies were employed. First, the synthetic control method was used to compare Mexico with similar Latin American countries that did not experience a sustained increase in the minimum wage. Second, we used aggregate information from cities that self-represent in the National Occupation and Employment Survey (NOES) in Mexico, taking advantage of the heterogeneity in how the minimum wage affects each city. The results suggest that there have been no negative effects on employment.

Versión ebook de Problemas del Desarrollo para lectura en tabletas y teléfonos inteligentes

Versión ebook de Problemas del Desarrollo para lectura en tabletas y teléfonos inteligentes

Brazilian telenovelas portray the vicissitudes of the national territory and outline the unique way of producing televised drama in the country. The aim of this paper is to discuss the development of the narrative structure of Brazilian telenovelas over the years, using Globo's television trajectory with the genre as the empirical object. The research examines the practice and conception of Brazilian telenovelas across decades, considering Globo TV as an essential element of the national market and narrative recognition. A descriptive and exploratory bibliographic analysis was used to intertwine the plots of telenovelas with the country’s sociocultural perspectives as reflected in the genre. The theoretical foundation is based on Hamburger (2005), Alencar (2004), Balogh (2002), Lopes (2003; 2014), Mazziotti (2006), and Mittell (2012). In this way, the progression of national productions' narratives can be observed through the characterization of storytelling particularities, which identify the stylistic features of Brazilian telenovelas from the perspective of Brazil's television craftsmanship. This trajectory explains the transformations of the narratives, the potential for ruptures over the decades, the production logics aligned with the developments of serialized fiction, and the cultural proximities between Latin American countries and their respective televisualities. Thus, Brazilian teledramaturgy is in constant evolution, and TV Globo's approach represents the global recognition of Brazilian television drama.

Academic productions on gender studies have grown significantly in the field of Communication, especially since 2015. The cultural construction of what it means to be a woman, particularly in the audiovisual industry, is shaped by misogynistic and sexist discourses that devalue women's labor. This study explores how audiences perceive films directed by women, focusing on Letterboxd, a social network dedicated to film discussion and discovery. The methodology includes a quantitative analysis of user comments on Greta Gerwig's films — Lady Bird (2017), Little Women (2019), and Barbie (2023) — to identify recurring terms and themes related to gender. The objectives are: 1) to analyze interactions with Gerwig's films on Letterboxd; 2) to identify the main topics discussed by users; 3) to highlight relevant terms connected to gender discussions; and 4) to understand the platform's role in shaping audience engagement with women-centered films. Preliminary findings suggest that user interactions reflect female experiences and gender power dynamics, underscoring Letterboxd's potential as a tool for studying gender representation in audiovisual works. This research also emphasizes the platform's unique ability to capture audience perceptions in a structured and accessible way. The study contributes to broader discussions about gender in cinema and digital culture, opening avenues for future research on the reception of female-directed films in digital spaces.

In the current technological and media landscape, where misinformation circulates freely, journalism is accused by various groups of producing false or biased information, which affects the credibility of the profession. In this context, this article aims to understand how journalism students at the State University of Paraíba in Brazil perceive the profession in terms of its relevance and impartiality. This is an exploratory and descriptive study. Sixty-two students — representing 13.21% of those enrolled — responded to a questionnaire sent electronically during the second semester of 2023. The results show that students recognize a crisis of trust in journalism, worsened by the power of digital platforms. A total of 82.3% of students believe that journalism is often biased. Additionally, 90.3% reported having encountered fake news on some social media platform, with WhatsApp being identified as the main environment where this type of content circulates most. Furthermore, 96.8% of respondents affirmed that misinformation can alter the outcome of an election. On a positive note, 45.3% of students responded that journalism plays an essential role in the fight against misinformation. However, the survey also revealed a concerning finding: 21% of respondents stated that the profession is demotivating.

The article aims to investigate the discursive and sensorial potentialities present in contemporary films’ aesthetics and relate them to the film Baise-Moi (2000) by Virginie Despentes and Coralie Trinh Thi - an important piece of revenge cinema directed by women through an approach that aims to understand how the image can affect the viewer sensorial and discursively express criticism of society and culture. I propose the creation of three genre categories based on analyzing these films: Moral Revenge, Violent Revenge, and Metaphorical Revenge. To this end, I propose an analysis based on the theories of communication and cinema by Vivian Sobchack (1992), Mariana Baltar (2019; 2023), and Eloisa Nos-Aldás (2019), among others, to discuss how we can think about the social and material dimensions of the image through the representations of the body in staging and audiovisual materiality. Thus, it is evident that cinema was responsible for creating gender stereotypes and that the films dealt with in this work are responsible for providing subversions of the cinematographic genre and indicating that the revenge narratives created by female filmmakers can provide new collective imaginaries around women in society - in a very different way from the one governed by the status quo and established in today’s contemporary society

This paper offers an updated review of the radio ecosystem in Spain. The main objective is to identify the main media groups present in Spanish radio, as well as their main brands, their owners and their audience, in order to describe and locate them in the structure of the radio market in Spain. From the perspective of the Political Economy of Communication, it analyses how historical dynamics have shaped the structure of the radio market in Spain. The research combines data from the Anuario SGAE 2023 and the Encuesta General de Medios (AIMC, 2024) with a literature review focusing on aspects such as shareholding, media relations and audiences. It is limited to national broadcasters broadcasting on the airwaves, excluding online only and local broadcasters. The results point to the structure of Spanish radio as a mixed system (with public and private broadcasters) with four major dominant conglomerates: RTVE, Prisa Radio, Ábside Media and Atresmedia Radio. These corporations control most broadcasters and audiences, with a strong market concentration. It is concluded that the Spanish radio market is characterised by an oligopolistic system that restricts the diversity of content, prioritising commercial interests over public functions. This phenomenon raises questions about the balance between interventionism, plurality and entrepreneurial freedom.

The present study analyses digital divides as a global challenge that impacts the economic and social development of countries, reinforcing the need to guarantee equitable access to technology as a universal right of all citizens. Its objective is to highlight the access gap—or first-level digital divide—which refers to the barriers that limit or restrict citizens’ access to the internet through electronic devices such as computers, tablets, scanners, and smartphones. The study takes into account factors such as internet penetration, gender-based digital divides, costs, and the speed of internet and mobile network connections. It emphasises the importance of this comparative documentary research on a global scale, supported by statistical data. The findings reveal that one third of the world’s population currently lacks this benefit, placing these countries at a disadvantage in terms of economic development and leaving their populations lagging behind, thereby widening the gaps in access, use, and technological uptake. Among the conclusions, it was found that public wi-fi can unlock connectivity in areas where access remains limited, community networks are a viable option in underserved regions, and that governments bear the responsibility of enhancing the usefulness of digital applications and content to meet the basic needs of the population—ensuring quality service, affordability, speed, and reliability.

In a Platform Society (Helmond, 2015), citizens make decisions and form opinions through digital social networks. The affordances (Gibson, 1977) of platforms have impacted journalism's production routine. Media companies have started to submit to algorithmic logic (Barros et al., 2021; Gillespie, 2018) and the possibilities allowed by artificial intelligence (Sichman, 2021) to share news. We sought to understand how journalism deals with algorithmic mediation without losing control over its content. We combined bibliographical research with a documentary survey of the editorial principles of Grupo Globo, one of Brazil's leading media companies, which has updated its use policies of artificial intelligence in journalism. Using Audiovisual Materiality Analysis (Coutinho, 2018), which aims to identify narrative conflicts and productions of meaning, we carried out empirical research with a report broadcast on TV Globo's Jornal Nacional, which addresses the updating of editorial principles, to understand how the group publicizes the issue. We found that faced with the risk of losing control over the circulation of their content and taking into account the lack of transparency of digital mechanisms, the outlet highlighted the role of the journalist in finalizing texts mediated by algorithms and publicly reinforced this commitment. It is necessary to understand the new forms of threat to the press, veiled by computer codes.