Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Background and Aims: The genus Tulostoma groups species that are characterized by their angiocarpic basidiomes with a spore-sac possessing an apical mouth or ostiole and a well-defined stipe. Worldwide, 173 species are known, and 49 species have been cited in Mexico. One of the few species in the genus with lignicolous habit is T. exasperatum, which, in combination with its morphological traits, makes it a distinctive species. The aim of this work is to present T. exasperatum as a first record for Mexico.Methods: The material was collected in “Las Maravillas de Acahuato” ranch, Apatzingán municipality, Michoacán state, Mexico. The specimen was characterized macro and microscopically by in situ photographs, polarized light microscopy, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Identification was carried out with specialized literature. Studied material is deposited in the macromycetes collection of the National Herbarium (MEXU) of the Biology Institute of Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.Key results: Tulostoma exasperatum is recorded for the first time in Mexico, based on Mexican specimens. The species is distinguished by its exoperidium with reddish-brown conical to pyramidal verrucae that, when detached, leave lattice-like marks on the endoperidium, fimbriate ostiole, and winged reticulate basidiospores. In addition, its lignicous habit is characteristic, in soils rich in organic matter.Conclusions: Tulostoma exasperatum presents pantropical distribution. The morphology of the pigmented cells of the exoperidium warts is a poorly studied source of taxonomic information. The catalog of species of the genus Tulostoma in Mexico is raised to 50 species, and the number of gasteroid Agaricomycetes in Michoacán is raised to 38 species.

Background and Aims: During explorations in the outer limits of the Natural Protected Area Sierra de Tacuichamona, an endemic-rich area of Sinaloa, Mexico, a new species of Coutaportla (Rubiaceae) was discovered. This paper describes and illustrates Coutaportla helgae, provides an identification key, a distribution map, and discusses the morphological and geographic relationships with the rest of the species of the genus. Methods: Botanical collections were made during 2021 and 2022, and 15 herbariums and digital databases were reviewed to compare with other species of the genus and to locate possible additional localities. A distribution map was prepared using the polygon of the Sierra Madre Occidental as a base. Key results: Coutaportla helgae stands out from the rest of the species of the genus by having the smallest flowers of the group. It is morphologically related to C. lorenceana as they are the only species of the genus with subapical placentation and calyx lobes less than half the length of the fruit, but it differs in having smaller flowers, a shrubby habit and distribution in tropical deciduous forest. Conclusions: With the present discovery, Coutaportla reaches four endemic species to Mexico and five overall, considering C. guatemalensis. Coutaportla helgae contributes new characteristics to the genus by having smaller flowers and growing at lower altitudes than the rest. Additionally, elements are provided to support the conservation of sites with high biodiversity and endemism such as the Sierra Tacuichamona.

Background and Aims: Cantharellus species are traded in agricultural markets of the Mountain Region, Veracruz, Mexico, as an appreciated mushroom. The objective of this study was to analyze nutrients and nutraceutical properties in four Cantharellus species from Veracruz: antioxidant activity, total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, lycopene, and β-carotene; as well as the nutritional properties: dry matter, total ashes, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, moisture, carbohydrates and energy value of four wild edible mushrooms (Cantharellus violaceovinosus, C. veraecrucis, C. roseocanus and Cantharellus sp.). Methods: Basidiomas of Cantharellus spp. were collected in the Mountain Region, Veracruz, Mexico. The ITS and tef-1α regions were amplified and sequenced. Species were identified molecularly based on the BLAST results. Samples were lyophilized and stored at 4 °C in vacuum bags for the preservation of nutraceutical and nutritional compounds. A methanol-water mixture (80:20 v/v) was used to extract the nutraceutical compounds and to analyze them by spectrophotometric techniques. Key results: In general, outstanding values ​​were found in C. violaceovinosus both in crude protein content (8.04 g/100 g-1) and in antioxidant capacity 2.28 mg TE/g extract. For flavonoids, C. roseocanus showed 2.98 mg QE/g extract and 6.23±0.68 mg/g of carotene. In addition, a high energy value was found in C. violaceovinosus (266.53 Kcal/100g) and C. roseocanus (222.73±15.43 Kcal/100 g). The nutritional and nutraceutical content of C. violaceovinosus, C. veraecrucis and C. roseocanus is presented for the first time. Conclusions: The results show these species from nutritional and nutraceutical perspectives. Cantharellus violaceovinosus showed the highest values of the parameters evaluated. The consumption of these species constitutes an alternative source of protein and nutraceutical components that contribute to food security.

Background and Aims: Mexico presents a great diversity of vascular flora given its geographical, orographic and climatic conformation. However, many sites have incomplete or non-existent floristic inventories. This is the case of El Potosí National Park Protected Natural Area, which despite having been established in 1936, lacks an updated inventory of its vascular flora. The objective of this work was to obtain such inventory, as a reference of temperate forests in the Sierra Madre Oriental. Endemic species to Mexico and San Luis Potosí and adjacent regions are highlighted, as well as those in some category of risk. Methods: Botanical collections were made in a gradient from 1800 to 2390 m a.s.l., between June 2017 and September 2018. Data about the habitat, phenology and growth form were recorded. The taxonomic biodiversity index in the studied area was compared with other temperate forest regions in the state of San Luis Potosí. Key results: A total of 354 species of vascular plants are registered, of 228 genera in 83 families. The families with the highest species richness are Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Lamiaceae and Polypodiaceae. The taxonomic biodiversity in the area is similar to those reported for other regions with temperate forests in San Luis Potosí. The area includes 99 endemic species to Mexico, and six exclusive of San Luis Potosí and adjacent areas. In addition, six species are listed in some risk category according to NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, 16 in the CITES appendices and 14 in some risk category of the Red List of the IUCN. Conclusions: The species richness, its endemism and diversity, as well as the presence of threatened species, highlights the importance of the Parque Nacional El Potosí as priority region for the conservation of the temperate forest in the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Abstract: Background and Aims: Vanilla is one of the well-known genera of the family Orchidaceae due to the ornamental, medicinal and culinary attributes of some of its taxa. The genus is pantropical and has about 120 species mostly found in the Neotropics. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of V. karenchristianae in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Methods: We present a morphological description of V. karenchristianae based on the analysis of the newly found population in the state of Bahía, Brazil, and the materials collected in other sites of the country and deposited in herbaria. Also, we provide taxonomical and habitat comments, photographs, and a distribution map of V. karenchristianae in Brazil. Key results: The present record represents the most eastern distribution of V. karenchristianae and is approximately 2380 kilometers far from the nearest locality where the species has been recorded. In Brazil, V. karenchristianae is currently known from the Amazon and Atlantic Forest phytogeographic domains and from only four localities, including the one added here. Conclusions: Further recording efforts are necessary to fully understand the geographical distribution and ecological requirements of V. karenchristianae.

Background and Aims: The genus Calochortus is a monophyletic group endemic to North America. In Mexico, the Cyclobothra section is the richest and most widely distributed. During botanical explorations in the Mixtec region of Oaxaca, unknown Calochortus plants were collected, so the objective was to describe these as a new species for science.Methods: The taxon was compared with previously described species; herbarium collections and type specimens were reviewed. The morphological description, an illustration, and a distribution map were elaborated, and its relationships with nearby species were discussed. Its conservation state was evaluated according to the criteria of the NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 and the IUCN.Key results: Calochortus multicolor is described, which due to its morphology is situated in the section Cyclobothra subsection Barbati. It is compared to C. barbatus and C. marcellae, from which it differs by its ascending or erect and crateriform to campanulate flowers, green, greenish-yellow, brownish, rose colored or red; petals inside are densely covered with white or yellow hairs and a fimbriated membrane around the distal portion of the gland. The species is endemic to the Mixtec region, Oaxaca and according to the vulnerability criteria it is placed in the Threatened category (A) according to the Official Mexican Standard for Species at Risk and of Least Concern (LC), following the guidelines of the IUCN.Conclusions: Calochortus multicolor is recognized as a new entity for science, which grows on gypsum and calcareous soils, habitat of a large number of regional microendemic plants. It is considered necessary to develop strategies for the conservation of habitats and species in these areas of high floristic diversity.

As a tribute and permanent memory of those of us who were his students, continuing his legacy, in commemoration of his death anniversary, on April 4.

This profile does not pretend to be exhaustive, its purpose is to highlight the importance of an exceptional academic life.

More than three decades ago, several countries undertook the commitment to develop inclusive education systems based on the postulates of "Education for All", promoted by international organizations. Mexico was no exception, and although its policies have been gradual, the construction of inclusive schools has become a central issue, which is a challenge, especially for indigenous schools located in marginalized contexts. From an interpretive paradigm and a qualitative approach, an ethnographic case study was conducted with the objective of collectively constructing the inclusive practices promoted by the 8 people who make up the teaching staff of an indigenous school in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico, to document and understand them in their daily lives. For this purpose, two ethnographic techniques were used, the teacher interview and on-site observation in the school and in the classrooms; data were collected during eight months, (August 2019 to March 2020). Through the qualitative content analysis technique, it was identified that the teaching staff develops inclusive practices demarcated by their possibilities of action, which acquire meaning in their context. The findings refer to actions such as preventing absenteeism and ensuring permanence, especially for students at risk of social exclusion; attention to students with disabilities and/or specific educational needs; and adaptations in the school trajectory. In the classrooms, teachers make curricular adjustments and adjustments in their classes according to their individual, group, economic and health characteristics. The conclusions highlight how the practices are considered as inclusive as they respond to the characteristics and needs of the context in which the students are located.

In order to defend the importance of teacher training from critical and transformative perspectives, we report in this article a research that aimed to understand the instruments that enhance such training. With a qualitative approach and a case study methodology, we analyzed how and which senses were constructed by a Physics undergraduate student during his teaching internship. We identified the instruments that influenced the student in the attribution of senses that brought him closer to being a transforming intellectual. The research was carried out at a public university in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, in the years 2019 and 2020. The empirical procedures used were: participant observations, researchers’ notes, analysis of documents produced by the student during his internship, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. By analyzing the mobilized senses, we observed the importance of the following instruments: different ways of systematizing the intern’s experiences; carrying out a collective, dialogic and autonomous teaching practice; articulation between teaching and research in teaching practices; and valuing the supervising teacher in the internship guidance process. We concluded that teaching linked to research, with strong care for the relationships between subjects in the internship, intensifies knowledge about the teaching and learning process. With these instruments highlighted, it becomes possible to rethink the organization of internship activities, seeking to develop actions that are intentionally consistent with the teacher training proposal with potentially critical and transforming senses.