Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This study aimed to develop and validate a scale measuring attitudes toward post-mortem brain donation for research among the Peruvian population. A structured survey with six sections collected sociodemographic, clinical, and attitudinal data. Content validity was evaluated by international experts, and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that a bifactor model had a better fit than a three-factor model. The tool demonstrates good reliability and can support awareness strategies regarding brain donation.

Introduction: In humans, exposure to pesticides poses risks such as sterility, fetal or embryonic toxicity, abortions, teratogenicity, and developmental deficits. This study focuses on dichlorvos, an organophosphate insecticide used in the vapor phase that has alkylating properties. Methods: The effects of the pesticide dichlorvos on the development of preimplantation mouse embryos (Mus musculus) of the Swiss Rockefeller strain were evaluated in vivo. Pregnant mice (n=20) of eight weeks of age were equally divided into three treatment groups and a control (C). Doses of 5.25, 10.5 and 21 mgkg-1 of body weight were administered intraperitoneally for three days; group C was administered only distilled water intraperitoneally. After 96 hours post-copulation, the females were euthanized and the embryos were extracted from the oviducts and uterine horns for evaluation. Results: Dichlorvos caused a delay in preimplantation embryonic development, with a percentage of blastocysts and morulae of 80.59±3.03 vs. 19.44±1.34 respectively in group C, compared to 50±2.61 vs. 41.18±1.64 of the same ratio for the highest dose (21 mgkg-1), showing significant differences (p<0.05). In relation to embryonic quality, an increase in the percentage of low-quality embryos (grade IV) was observed in the group treated with 21 mgkg-1, this difference being statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The organophosphate pesticide dichlorvos produces a harmful effect on the embryo, causing a delay in its development and decreasing the quality of embryos at its highest dose.

The objective of this study is to determine the association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and anxiety in Human Medicine students at Universidad Científica del Sur (UCSUR) during the 2024 academic year. A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with 276 students using the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), both validated in university populations. Adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) were estimated through log-binomial regression. RLS prevalence was 84.4 %, with severe (31.9 %) and very severe (35.9 %) levels predominating. Severe anxiety was reported in 86.6 % of participants. A significant association was found between anxiety and RLS (adjusted PR=3.23; 95 % CI: 1.65–6.30; p<0.001), independent of age, sex, and academic year. It is concluded that anxiety is associated with RLS, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies to clarify the causal direction of this relationship and to guide effective preventive interventions.

Psoas muscle abscess is a rare pathology that usually presents with a clinical triad of fever, lumbar pain and pain on thigh flexion; patients usually present with non-specific symptoms, making early diagnosis difficult. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and to detail diagnostic tests, surgical findings and management. We report 4 patients with a history of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus with clinical symptoms of low back pain and fever, diagnosed by computed tomography. Although broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage was administered, the patients' condition evolved favorably only after drainage. Keywords: Abscess, psoas muscle, drainage, case reports (MeSH)

Introduction: Diseases of the oral cavity increasingly affect the world population, especially developing countries such as Peru. Objective: Determine the association between morbidity and search interest in oral health in Peru, 2021-2022. Methods: Observational, analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The website of the Single National Repository of Health Information was entered, with the purpose of accessing the database of oral health morbidity in patients who attended a health facility belonging to the Ministry of Health. Next, the Google Trends platform was accessed to determine the search interest of the main oral diseases carried out through Google in Peru. To determine the association between quantitative variables, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: A very low positive correlation was found without statistically significant differences between the relative search volume (VRB) on dental wear, tooth loss and dental malocclusion with their corresponding numbers of cases (Spearman's Rho= 0.176, p= 0.412; Rho Spearman's = 0.241, p = 0.257; Spearman's rho = 0.142, p = 0.507); respectively. In contrast, the VRB on dental caries shows a strong positive correlation with statistically significant differences with the number of cases (Spearman's rho= 0.751, p= 0.001). Conclusion: Our study found that the VRB of dental caries was the only term that presented a strong statistical correlation and was associated with the number of visits for dental caries. Keywords: Google trends; oral health; internet access; dental care; dental caries; gingivitis; malocclusion; Peru. (Source. DeCS-Bireme)

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is defined as a degenerative joint condition characterized by the progressive loss of articular cartilage; its main symptoms include joint pain and stiffness. One of the proposed alternative therapeutic options is swimming, due to the water’s temperature, hydrostatic pressure, resistance, and buoyancy. Objective: To conduct a review of scientific publications regarding the effects or benefits of swimming on osteoarthritis. Methods: A search was performed for scientific articles related to the topic. The PEO question used was: What are the effects or benefits of swimming in patients with osteoarthritis? The databases consulted were PubMed, WorldWideScience.org, SciELO, and Google Scholar. Keywords included: “osteoarthritis”, “swimming”, “effect”, combined with “benefits”; as well as their Spanish equivalents: “osteoartritis”, “natación”, “efecto”, and “beneficios”. Articles published between January 1, 2012, and February 20, 2022, were selected. Results: Of the 28 articles initially identified, 16 were excluded for not meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 10 articles for this review. Based on the analysis of these 10 studies, it was found that swimming or aquatic exercise offers several benefits for individuals with osteoarthritis. Conclusion: Swimming and aquatic exercises provide multiple benefits for osteoarthritis, including symptom reduction, improved functional capacity, increased muscle strength, and are also considered a protective means against the progression of osteoarthritis.

Male patient 43 years old, who presented abdominal pain located in the left lower quadrant, without irradiation, colic type, with 8/10 intensity, accompanied by liquid stools in 05 opportunities, without mucus, without blood, with discrete nauseous sensation, without vomiting; he went to the pharmacy and was prescribed pills that he did not remember the name, indicating that they were for intestinal infection, he did not improve and went to the hospital; no history of importance, to the preferential clinical examination: hydro-aerial noises: slightly increased, painful on palpation in left iliac fossa, impressed mass of 8 x 5 centimeters in diameter, as well as blumberg's sign: positive, mc burney: (-), prescribed intravenous analgesics, maintaining hydration; but no improvement, it is decided to expand the studies with abdominopelvic tomography with contrast reporting: cecal appendix located in left iliac fossa, with transverse diameter of 12 mm, wall of 2.3 In the conclusion: signs suggestive of intestinal malrotation with acute left appendicitis, he was evaluated by the surgeon on duty who indicated to complete pre-surgery, and to pass to his service for emergency programming; in the operating room they performed appendectomy to free stump, confirming the diagnosis; with good evolution after medical discharge.

Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by impaired social interaction, communication difficulties, and behavioral disturbances. Its prevalence is rising and is currently estimated at 1.4%. In terms of etiology, genetic causes account for more than 60%, primarily due to copy number variants (CNVs) or monogenic variants, which can be identified through chromosomal microarray analysis or next-generation sequencing. On the other hand, it has been proposed that gene–environment–epigenome interaction, involving the additive action of multiple genes in the presence of a trait, or alterations in the epigenome—which may themselves be determined by the genome or, in some cases, as a result of interaction with the environment such as the microbiome—are mechanisms that may underlie the presence of this neurodevelopmental disorder. Determining its etiology and understanding the underlying pathophysiological processes will help identify the risk of familial and individual recurrence, inform prognosis, and potentially guide the development of personalized therapeutic strategies.

Objective: To estimate the effect of prehospital analgesia use on the diagnostic accuracy of the Alvarado score in identifying complicated acute appendicitis. Method: Observational, analytical, retrospective diagnostic accuracy study conducted at the José Casimiro Ulloa Emergency Hospital (2020–2024). A total of 596 adult patients with confirmed acute appendicitis were included, evenly divided into two groups (with and without prehospital analgesia). The diagnostic performance of the Alvarado score was evaluated using ROC curves, and the groups were compared using DeLong’s test. Results: The Alvarado score showed an overall AUC of 82.3% (p < 0.05), with better performance in patients without prehospital analgesia (AUC: 85.9%) compared to those who received it (AUC: 79.0%). The cut-off point was 8 in both groups. Sensitivity was 79.9% without analgesia and 74.1% with analgesia. The diagnostic prevalence ratio was higher in the group without analgesia (PR: 3.04) than in the group with analgesia (PR: 2.88). The diagnostic performance of the Alvarado score decreased in the presence of prehospital analgesia. Conclusion: The use of prehospital analgesia reduces the diagnostic accuracy of the Alvarado score for detecting complicated acute appendicitis, suggesting that this factor should be considered during the initial clinical evaluation.

Introduction: Intensive use of social media increases the sense of uncertainty, which is associated with higher levels of anxiety and stress. Objective: To examine whether these effects vary by age and occupation, structural equation modeling was used. This statistical technique maps paths between variables to evaluate their interaction. Multigroup invariance was also tested to determine whether the questionnaire functioned similarly across secondary students, university students, and workers. Methods: A total of 1,285 volunteers participated, recruited through non-probabilistic sampling. The sample included 434 secondary school students, 539 university students, and 312 employees. Model fit was assessed using two standard indicators: the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). CFI values close to 1 and RMSEA values below .05 indicate a good fit between the model and the data. Results: The relationships among social media use, uncertainty, anxiety, and stress were stable across the three groups, with a CFI of .998 and an RMSEA of .024. However, scalar invariance, which compares latent means between groups, was not fully achieved, as shown by a CFI decrease of −.025 and an RMSEA increase of .027. This suggests caution when comparing average scores. Conclusion: Uncertainty mediates the relationship between social media use and emotional distress. Secondary students are especially sensitive to the direct effects of social media use, while among workers, uncertainty more strongly explains their levels of anxiety and stress. These differences highlight the need for targeted preventive interventions and mental health campaigns tailored to each group.