Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de la funcionalidad familiar sobre la motivación académica en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Arequipa. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental y de tipo predictivo por lo que para su desarrollo se contó con una muestra de 435 estudiantes universitarios de 12 carreras profesionales con edades entre 18 y 26 años, de los cuales el 54.9% fue de sexo femenino y el 45.1% de sexo masculino. Se les aplicó la Escala de Evaluación de Adaptabilidad y Cohesión Familiar (FACES III) y la Escala de Motivación Educativa (EME). Se encontró que no existe influencia de la funcionalidad familiar sobre la motivación académica en estudiantes universitarios. Asimismo, se encontró que el 44.4% perciben a su familia como flexible, el 40% perciben una familia conectada, siendo el 55.6% los estudiantes que perciben una familia balanceada y 70.6% de la muestra tiene una motivación alta. Finalmente, se compararon las variables según edad y sexo hallándose que, la percepción de la adaptabilidad dentro de la familia es mayor en alumnos entre 23 a 26 años y es superior en hombres que en mujeres, asimismo, en la dimensión cohesión y la variable motivación no se ven diferencias significativas según edad y sexo.

This study was intended to examine a range of independent/predictor variables that may impact the independent/outcome variables of stress, anxiety, depression, and wellbeing. The predictor variables examined in this study are workload, loneliness, social support, physical health, compassion, financial stress, sense of meaning in life, and substance use. This study employed a correlational design and was conducted at Mount Royal University during Fall 2022 and Winter 2023. Survey ratings were collected from 384 students from the participant pool of students taking an introductory psychology course. Participants completed a range of surveys measuring stress, anxiety, depression, and wellbeing, as well as being examined in this study are workload, loneliness, social support, physical health, compassion, financial stress, sense of meaning in life, and substance use. Two correlation analyses were conducted between the variables. The study revealed several significant correlations between psychological constructs and well-being indicators. This study contributes valuable insights into the factors influencing mental health and well-being in a post-pandemic/endemic world. Future research could explore these relationships and develop targeted interventions to improve mental health outcomes in vulnerable populations.

This research seeks to collect and analyze information about the way of thinking of immigrants and natives of the city of Talca (Maule Region, Chile) regarding their experience with the phenomenon of migration. Qualitative methodology was used to develop the research, through the analysis of semi-structured interviews. The main results show the following: the experience of migration helps to generate more empathy towards other migrants, the feeling of reduction of rights on the part of migrants, the differentiation and marks left by migrants according to their nationality and the creation of a fusion culture with the Chilean culture, which is already happening today.

Agriculture is one of the most important activities worlwide, responsible for providing raw materials and food. The demand for food has increased in recent years, and with it the implementation of products that enhance the efficiency of crops. Among the main products used in this industry are pesticides (insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides) and synthetic fertilizers. The use of these compounds has risen alarmingly and sometimes excessively in recent decades, contributing to the development of resistance in harmful species such as bacteria, fungi, and weeds and require higher concentrations or more harmful compounds. Another concern is the collateral exposure that humans have to these compounds, which causes serious health problems. There are multiple reports about the toxic and carcinogenic effects of these compounds, as documented in this paper, particularly about the use of a highly toxic herbicide in Mexico and the world called glyphosate. Finally, alternatives are offered for the elimination of this compound, based on techniques ranging from bioremediation to others using cutting-edge technologies, such as the use of nanomaterial, even for environmental monitoring.

The global consumption of coffee has experienced a notable increase in the last decade. The high global consumption of coffee is mainly attributed to its psycho-stimulant effects, influenced by genetic factors, and the perceived health benefits, although adverse effects are also recognized in some individuals. The complex chemistry of coffee, influenced by the bean, roasting, and preparation, impacts its flavor and properties. This article explores the chemistry of coffee, from the Arabica and Robusta species and their origin, to the processing methods (wet/dry) that modify the green bean. Transformations during roasting (Maillard reaction) are analyzed, as well as how roasting and extraction affect compounds like diterpenes and caffeine, and the sensory characteristics of coffee. Finally, the use of chemical techniques to determine the origin and purity of coffee is highlighted, underscoring the relevance of chemistry for a comprehensive understanding of this beverage.

This editorial in Revista de Quimica highlights a new article in the series "Chemistry on your Plate," dedicated to the chemistry of the processes involved in processing coffee beans into ready-to-drink beverages. Also featured in this first issue are other articles focused on biocosmetics and green synthetic fuels.

Biocosmetics, products which utilize natural or biologically derived components, are gaining prominence due to their safety, sustainability, and effectiveness. Among their advantages are a lower risk of irritation and allergies, biodegradability, and applications in skincare, makeup, hair care, and perfumes. This study examines global market trends in the production and use of biocosmetics over the past decade, employing content analysis and a literature review of key market reports. The market is projected to reach $8.75 billion by 2032, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) estimated between 4.49% and 6.90% for the period 2019–2032. The findings highlight a transformation in the cosmetic industry, with biocosmetics emerging as a rapidly growing sector driven by increasing demand for safe, sustainable, and effective products

El trabajo analiza las contribuciones de Mercedes Rodrigo Bellido y Victoria Bossio Herrera, pioneras de la psicología en Colombia, destacando su impacto desde enfoques complementarios. Rodrigo, nacida en España, introdujo la psicotecnia y fundó el primer programa universitario de psicología en el país, consolidando la disciplina como autónoma y aplicada a la orientación vocacional y el bienestar infantil. Bossio, colombiana y primera doctora en psicología del país, centró su labor en la psicopedagogía, promoviendo la educación para niños con altas capacidades y dificultades de aprendizaje, además de abordar problemáticas como el abandono infantil. Ambas enfrentaron barreras de género, pero superaron los desafíos mediante una formación sólida y un enfoque innovador, siendo referentes en la integración de la psicología al ámbito educativo y social. Sus aportes fueron esenciales para profesionalizar la disciplina en Colombia y Latinoamérica, estableciendo métodos psicométricos y educativos que aún influyen en la psicología contemporánea. A pesar de sus trayectorias paralelas, compartieron la visión de una psicología transformadora y accesible, logrando una profunda huella en el desarrollo académico y práctico de la disciplina. Este análisis resalta cómo Rodrigo y Bossio rompieron paradigmas, abriendo caminos para futuras generaciones y marcando un hito en la historia de la psicología en la región.

Profundizar en las relaciones entre las funciones ejecutivas y la comprensión lectora, aporta a la evolución de los modelos de funcionamiento cognitivo y a las prácticas escolares. Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática con el objetivo de analizar las dimensiones conceptuales alrededor de la influencia de las funciones ejecutivas en la comprensión lectora. Se revisaron 35 artículos científicos seleccionados de bases de datos de referencia, a través de la metodología Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), en el periodo comprendido entre 2018 y 2023. Se identificaron artículos producto de investigaciones, en idioma inglés, español y portugués. En los resultados, se logró caracterizar tres dimensiones conceptuales: primero, las funciones ejecutivas como predictoras del desempeño en comprensión lectora, segundo, los tipos de funciones ejecutivas y su impacto en la comprensión lectora y tercero, las funciones ejecutivas como componente adicional en los modelos de la comprensión lectora. Se concluyó que, las funciones ejecutivas son predictoras del desempeño en comprensión lectora y su impacto está condicionado por el objetivo de la lectura y el tipo de texto y que, el entrenamiento intencional en las funciones ejecutivas es una necesidad actual de la investigación.

Sexual satisfaction is an essential component of general well-being, and its accurate assessment is essential in clinical and research contexts. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS) in a sample of Ecuadorian university students. An instrumental approach was used with two independent samples: one of 310 participants for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and another of 230 for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The AFE revealed a bifactor structure composed of Intrapersonal Sexual Satisfaction and Interpersonal Sexual Satisfaction, which explained 52.4 % of the total variance. Cross-loaded items were removed to improve the internal validity and structural clarity of the model. The AFC showed acceptable fit indices (CFI= 0.930, TLI= 0.918, RMSEA= 0.0811, SRMR= 0.0442), confirming the validity of the proposed model. The scale presented high internal consistency, with an overall omega coefficient of 0.942. These findings support the factorial validity and reliability of the NSSS in the Ecuadorian university population, evidencing its usefulness as a valid tool for the assessment of sexual satisfaction in Spanish-speaking contexts.