Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This text aims to make the disputes over sexual rights visible, taking abortion and women’s sexual and reproductive citizenship as the axis of analysis. To do so, I will use interviews with a medical activist who began campaigning for these rights in the 1990s and who has taken active part in the debates for the decriminalisation of abortion in the constituent assemblies from 2008 to the present day. This life story will be combined with archival work. Although by 2021 these rights had become part of public policy and women’s struggle for citizenship, it must be recognised that they are the result of a process in which memory and history intersect. This analysis is important not only because it helps to understand the ways in which the body and sexuality are historically and socially constructed and to show both the endurance of conservative values and the struggles to break them down, but also because it shows the place of memory in this dynamic.

We are currently witnessing a debate in the city of Tortosa about the Monument to the Battle of the Ebro. As the years have passed and other social and political values have become hegemonic, this monument has become a problem because it reminds us of a traumatic past. In this text, we aim to analyse the old and new narratives and the debates that have been generated by the local, regional and state politicians and the local population about what meaning should be given to this monument today and what uses it should be put to.

The so-called Xiximai (spirit of scarcity) is a supernatural entity that helps to understand the need to help and give food in times of food shortages. The spirit visits the houses of the indigenous people on the first day of July and must be ritually welcomed with food. Those families that do not do so will be condemned to poverty and hunger. Based on the references compiled on Xiximai, the article will discuss how, in response to crises of subsistence, memory is activated, and rituals and stories emerge that seemed to have been forgotten. One such story is that of Xiximai, who always reminds us of the need to share food, especially in very vulnerable areas, such as those in the Maya-Ch’orti’ mountains of eastern Guatemala. The discussion is part of a more general analysis of the memory of cultural strategies to prevent and overcome hunger.

Introdução: Síndrome dolorosa patelofemoral é um termo usado para descrever diversas afecções associadas à dor na região anterior do joelho. Muito comum na prática médica, corresponde à causa mais comum de dor no joelho em adolescentes e adultos jovens, bem como pode estar associada a outros diagnósticos diferenciais. Objetivo: Relatar o caso de um paciente jovem com história de dor anterior no joelho durante cincoanos, evoluindo com piora lenta dos sintomas, até que se diagnosticou sinovite vilonodular pigmentada na região anterior do joelho. Relato do Caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 22 anos, com história de dor no joelho esquerdo por cinco anos. Referiu ter passado por avaliação médica três vezes, nas quais recebeu o diagnóstico de dor de origem patelofemoral, e assim foi tratado, porém sem nunca ser submetido a uma ressonância magnética.Relatou que a limitação funcional foi aumentando junto com o volume ao redor do joelho. Prescreveu-se ressonância magnética do joelho esquerdo, que evidenciou formação nodular expansiva intra-articular localizada entre a gordura de Hoffa e a margem anterior da epífise tibial. O tratamento consistiu em artrotomia com via parapatelar medial para ressecção da lesão por via aberta. A lesão era de cor acastanhada, tinha consistênciafirme, media 8,0x5,0x4,0cm e apresentava características histopatológicas de sinovite vilonodular pigmentada. Um ano depois do procedimento, o paciente encontra-se assintomático, sem sinais clínicos sugestivos de recidiva da lesão e com boa função do joelho. Conclusão: Este caso enfatiza a importância dos exames de imagem em pacientes com dor na parte anterior do joelho. Apesar de a síndrome dolorosa patelofemoral ser a causamais comum de dor nessa articulação em pacientes jovens, outros diagnósticos diferenciais devem ser considerados, como a sinovite vilonodular pigmentada localizada, cujo diagnóstico e tratamento precoces permitem bons resultados funcionais e baixa taxa de recidiva.Palavras-chave: Sinovite pigmentada vilonodular, Síndrome da dor patelofemoral, Joelho ABSTRACT: Introduction: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a term used to describe several conditions associated with anterior knee pain. This syndrome is very common in medical practice and is the most common cause of knee pain in adolescents and young adults. However, anterior knee pain may be associated with other differential diagnoses. Objective: To report a case of a patient with a 5-year history of anterior knee pain. It progressed with slow but gradual worsening of symptoms, until a diagnosis of pigmented villonodular synovitis located in the anterior region of the knee was made. Case report: Male patient, 22 years old, with a 5-year history of pain in the left knee. He mentioned that he had previously undergone medical evaluation three times, where he was diagnosed and treated for pain of patellofemoral origin, without ever having performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He reports that the functional limitation was progressively increasing, along with the increase in volume around the knee. He was instructed to perform an MRI of the left knee, which showed an expansive, intra-articular nodular formation, located in the space between Hoffa’s fat and the anterior margin of the tibial epiphysis. Arthrotomy was performed with a medial parapatellar approach for resection of the lesion via an open approach. The resected lesion was brownish in color, firm in consistency, measuring 8.0x5.0x4.0 cm and had histopathological features of pigmented villonodular synovitis. One year after the operation he is asymptomatic, with no clinical signs suggestive of recurrence of the lesion, and with good knee function. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of evaluation with imaging tests in patients with anterior knee pain. Although patellofemoral pain syndrome is the most common cause of knee pain in young patients, other differential diagnoses should be kept in mind, such as localized pigmented villonodular synovitis, whose early diagnosis and treatment allow good functional results, with a low recurrence rate.Keywords: Pigmented villonodular synovitis, Patellofemoral pain syndrome, Knee

Introdução: A endocardite infecciosa é uma lesão inflamatória do endocárdio e das valvas cardíacas. Possui predileção pelo sexo masculino e idade maior que 65 anos. O uso de drogas intravenosas, procedimentos odontológicos cirúrgicos e doença cardíaca reumática são fatores que favorecem seu desenvolvimento. O quadro clínico é diversificado e não específico, o que dificulta seu diagnóstico. Associando a clínica com examede imagem e dados microbiológicos, e baseando-se nos Critérios Duke Modificados, é possível fazer o diagnóstico definitivo. Entre os patógenos causadores de endocardite raramente relatados, está a bactéria Ochrobactrum anthropi. Essa espécie apresenta resistência a vários antibióticos utilizados na clínica, como os betalactâmicos. De forma geral, é sensível à gentamicina, polimixinas, sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim e fluoroquinolonas. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de endocardite bacteriana causada por Ochrobactrum anthropi. Relato do caso: Paciente, 30 anos, sexo masculino, sem comorbidades prévias, médico. Em novembro de 2019, iniciou quadro de cefaleia e febre. Ante a hipótese de sinusite bacteriana aguda, fez uso de amoxicilina com clavulanato, com melhora total do quadro. Os sintomas retornaram e iniciou uso de levofloxacino, com melhora parcial. Buscou o Hospital Santa Rita, onde detectou-se sopro cardíaco sistólico em foco aórtico, sendo solicitado um ecocardiograma transtorácico que evidenciou comunicação interventricular e imagem pedunculada móvel sugestiva de vegetação. Foi internado para receber antibioticoterapia de amplo espectro, com ceftriaxone e vancomicina, pelo total de seis semanas. Para correção das lesões, realizou ventriculosseptoplastia, atriosseptorrafia, plastia de valva aórtica e retirada das lesões vegetantes em 09 de novembro de 2020, no Hospital Unimed de Vitória. O fragmento do tecido cardíaco retirado em cirurgia foi enviado ao laboratório Tommasi para realização de exames, nos quais observou-se a presença de bastonetes gram-negativos, identificados como a bactéria Ochrobactrum anthropi. Iniciou tratamento com meropenem e recebeu alta em 19 de novembro de 2020. Concluiu a antibioticoterapia em domicílio até finalizar seis semanas. Conclusão: O Ochrobactrum anthropi é um agente etiológico raro, e essas informações sobre endocardite bacteriana podem favorecer a elucidação de infecções de difícil diagnóstico, ampliando a possibilidade de abordagem terapêutica mais adequada do paciente.Palavras-chave: Endocardite, Valva aórtica, Ochrobactrum anthropi ABSTRACT: Introduction: Infectious endocarditis is an inflammatory lesion of the endocardium and heart valves. It has a predilection for males and over 65 years of age. The use of intravenous drugs, surgical dental procedures and rheumatic heart disease are factors that favor its development. The clinical picture is diverse and non-specific, which makes its diagnosis difficult. Associating the clinic with imaging and microbiological data, and based on the Modified Duke Criteria, it is possible to make a definitive diagnosis. Among the rarely reported endocarditis-causing pathogens is the bacterium Ochrobactrum anthropi. This species is resistant to several antibiotics used in the clinic, such as beta-lactams. It is generally sensitive to gentamicin, polymyxins, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and fluoroquinolones. Objective: To report a case of bacterial endocarditis caused by Ochrobactrum anthropi. Case report: Thirty year-old, male patient, without previous comorbidities, a physician. In November 2019 he started having a headache and fever. With the hypothesis of acute bacterial sinusitis, he used amoxicillin with clavulanate, with total improvement of symptoms. However, the symptoms returned, causing him to use levofloxacin, with partial improvement of the condition. He went to Hospital Santa Rita, where a systolic heart murmur was detected in the aortic area, and a transthoracic echocardiogram was  requested, which showed interventricular communication and a mobile pedunculated image suggestive of vegetation. He was admitted to receive broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, with ceftriaxone and vancomycin, for a total of six weeks. To correct the lesions, he performed ventriculoseptoplasty, direct suture of the atrial septum, aortic valve repair and removal of vegetating lesions on November 9, 2020, at Hospital Unimed de Vitória. The surgically removed cardiac tissue fragment was sent to the Tommasi laboratory for examinations, in which the presence of gram-negative rods, identified as the Ochrobactrum anthropi bacteria, was observed. He started treatment with meropenem and was discharged on November 19, 2020. He completed antibiotic therapy at home until the end of six weeks. Conclusion: Ochrobactrum anthropi is a rare etiologic agent and this information on bacterial endocarditis can favor the elucidation of infections that are difficult to diagnose, expanding the possibility of a more adequate therapeutic approach for the patient. Keywords: Endocarditis, Aortic valve, Ochrobactrum anthropi

Introdução: A hematopoese é controlada por determinados fatores, e o isolamento destes leva a uma nova classe de agentes terapêuticos como o fator estimulador de colônias de granulócitos, que age nos neutrófilos. Objetivo: Tendo em vista a importância deste medicamento e da pandemia da COVID-19 atualmente, essa revisão tem como objetivo discutir os possíveis benefícios e riscos do uso do fator estimulador de colônias de granulócitos no tratamento da COVID-19, assim como o papel de fatores de crescimento hematopoiético na fisiopatologia da doença. Método: Foi feita uma revisão sistemática usando como base de dados o PubMed, SciELO e Biblioteca Regional de Medicina, utilizando as palavras-chave: COVID-19 e Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor. Resultados: Na ferramenta Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, foram selecionados dez artigos. Não foi recuperado nenhum estudo da ferramenta SciELO. Na pesquisa pela base de dados PubMed, um artigo se encaixou nos critérios de inclusão. Conclusão: Após análise da literatura, não foi possível comprovar a eficácia do uso de fator estimulador de colônias de granulócitos no tratamento da COVID-19, apesar de, ao que tudo indica, seu uso ser seguro e com poucos efeitos colaterais.Palavras-chave: Filgrastim, COVID-19, Fator estimulador de colônias de granulócitos, SARS-CoV-2. ABSTRACT: Introduction: Hematopoiesis is controlled by specific growth factors, and its isolation leads to a new type of therapeutic agents such as the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, that acts on neutrophils. Aims: In light of the importance of this drug and the COVID-19 pandemic, this review aims to discuss the possible benefits and risks of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use on COVID-19 treatment, in addition to the role of hematopoietic growth factor on the disease pathophysiology. Method: A systematic review was conducted using the United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (BIREME) as databases, utilizing the keywords COVID-19 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Results: From Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde ten papers were selected. No study was retrieved from SciELO. From the PubMed database, only one paper fit the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: After literature review and analysis, it was not possible to verify the efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on COVID-19 treatment, even though it seems to be safe and have few side effects.Keywords: Filgrastim, COVID-19, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, SARS-CoV-2.

Introdução: Os cistos paralabrais, também chamados de cistos labrais paraglenóideos, são lesões císticas justarticulares que normalmente apresentam estreita relação com o lábio glenoidal — podem representar cistos sinoviais, cistos gangliônicos e pseudocistos. O cisto paralabral do ombro pode ser observado em 2–4% da população geral. Em 79–89% dos casos, apresenta relação com a rotura labral, especialmente o tipo lesão do lábio superior de anterior para posterior. Objetivo: Relatar um caso e revisar a literatura acerca desta lesão incomum. Relato do Caso: Homem de 43 anos que refere dor contínua no ombro esquerdo, principalmente após o trabalho. Não apresenta limitação de movimentos ao exame físico, apesar de relatar sentir dor. A ressonância magnética demonstra dois cistos paralabrais. Conclusão: Relatamos um caso de cisto paralabral, lesão inicialmente insuspeita à anamnese e ao exame físico, diagnosticada por exames de imagem. A ressonância magnética comumente diagnostica o cisto paralabral em pacientes com dor crônica.Palavras Chave: Imagem por ressonância magnética, Articulação do ombro, Lesões do ombro ABSTRACT: Introduction: Paralabral cysts, also named paraglenoid labral cysts, are just articular cystic lesions that usually show a close relationship with the glenoid labrum — they may represent synovial cysts, ganglions cysts, or pseudocysts. Paralabral cysts of the shoulder joint can be observed in 2–4% of the general population, particularly in men during the third and fourth decades. In 79–89% they are related to labral tears, especially superior labrum from anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions. Objective: To report a case and review the literature about this uncommon lesion. Case report: A 43-year-old man reporting continuous pain on the left shoulder, mainly after work. He did not show movement limitations on physical examination, despite claiming to feel pain. A magnetic resonance demonstrated two paralabral cysts. Conclusion: We report a case of paralabral cyst, an injury initially unsuspected by anamnesis and physical examination, diagnosed by imaging tests. Magnetic resonance imaging commonly diagnoses paralabral cysts in patients with chronic pain.Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging, Shoulder joint, Shoulder injuries

Introdução: O câncer gástrico representa uma das neoplasias malignas mais comuns em todo o mundo e uma importante causa de morte oncológica. Apesar da diminuição da incidência nos últimos anos, ainda é o quarto câncer mais comum e uma significativa causa de mortalidade, sendo uma doença heterogênea e multifatorial cuja incidência pode ser afetada por fatores endógenos e exógenos. Objetivo: Identificar, por meio de artigos científicos, o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos pacientes com diagnóstico médico de câncer gástrico. Método: Pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando os descritores específicos: “Neoplasias Gástricas” e “Gastrectomia”, que foram cruzados com os descritores gerais: “Perfil de Saúde” e “Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente”. Selecionados artigos científicos disponíveis de forma gratuita, para acesso na íntegra, escritos no idioma português (Brasil) e publicados de janeiro de 2002 a setembro de 2022. Excluídos artigos de revisão integrativa, revisãosistemática ou pesquisa bibliográfica, estudos de caso e que não respondessem ao objetivo da pesquisa. Resultados: O material deste estudo foi composto por cinco artigos científicos, sendo cada um publicado nos seguintes anos: 2007, 2009, 2012, 2020 e 2021. Com relação ao perfil sociodemográfico dos pacientes com câncer gástrico, prevaleceram os idosos, acima de 60 anos; o sexo masculino apresentou uma frequênciaque variou de 59 a 73,9%, e o sexo feminino variou de 26,1 a 41%. No que concerne à escolaridade, a frequência de pacientes analfabetos foi de 18,2 a 63,5%; com ensino fundamental variou de 9,7 a 76,8%, ensino médio de 6,7 a 22,7%, e ensino superior de 5,1 a 9%. Apenas dois artigos citaram o tabagismo como fator de risco, variando de 37,3 a 63,9%; o etilismo, também citado por dois artigos, variou de 25,3 a 62,2%. No que diz respeito às manifestações clínicas, a epigastralgia variou de 28,8 a 38,5% e a perda ponderal de 3,9 a 23,9%. Na avaliação da localizaçãoanatômica do câncer gástrico, o acometimento no antro variou de 7,9 a 54,5%; no corpo de 1,9 a 31,9%; na cárdia de 4,6 a 12,7%; no fundo de 0,9 a 4,5% e no piloro de 0,6 a 3%. O tipo histológico de adenocarcinoma foi citado em dois artigos, sendo que o adenocarcinoma intestinal variou de 19,9 a 38,7%; o adenocarcinoma SOE variou de 18 a 36,3%; e o adenocarcinoma difuso, de 13,8 a 17,3%. O estadiamento do câncer gástrico também foi avaliado em dois artigos, sendo que o estadiamento I variou de 4,1 a 6,8%; o II de 8,6 a 19,1%; o III de 12,4 a 33,3%; e o tipo IV de32,2 a 40,8%. Dados relativos ao procedimento cirúrgico foram citados por dois artigos, sendo que a gastrectomia total variou de 48,5 a 59% e a gastrectomia subtotal de 41 a 51,4%. A mortalidade hospitalar, citada por dois artigos, variou de 4,9 a 31,1%. Conclusão: O câncer gástrico foi mais frequente no sexo masculino, em pessoas acima de 60 anos de idade e com baixo grau de escolaridade. Acometeu a localização do antro e do corpo gástrico, sendo do tipo histológico de adenocarcinoma, com estadiamento IV e com a epigastralgia como o sintoma mais comum. Osprocedimentos cirúrgicos realizados foram a gastrectomia total e subtotal, com uma mortalidade que variou de de 4,9 a 31,1%.Palavras-chave: Neoplasias gástricas, Gastrectomia, Perfil de saúde, Planejamento de assistência ao paciente ABSTRACT Introduction: Gastric cancer represents one of the most common malignancies worldwide and an important cause of cancer death. Despite its decreasing incidence in recent years, it is still the fourth most common cancer and a significant cause of mortality, being a heterogeneous and multifactorial disease whose incidence can be affected by endogenous and exogenous factors. Objective: To identify, through scientific articles, the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with a medical diagnosis of gastric cancer. Method: Bibliographic research, using the specific descriptors “Gastric Neoplasms” and “Gastrectomy”, which were correlated with the general descriptors “Health Profile” and “Patient Care Planning”. Scientific articles available free of charge, for full access, written in Portuguese (Brazil) and published from January 2002 to September 2022 were selected. Articles from integrative reviews, systematic reviews or bibliographic research studies, case studies and those that did notrespond to the research objective were excluded. Results: The material of this study consisted of five scientific articles, published in the years 2007, 2009, 2012, 2020 and 2021. Regarding the sociodemographic profile of patients with gastric cancer, the elderly, over 60 years old, prevailed. Males had a frequency that ranged from 59 to 73.9% and females ranged from 26.1 to 41%. With regard to education, the frequency of illiterate patients ranged from 18.2 to 63.5%; of patients with elementary education, from 9.7 to 76.8%; with high school, from 6.7 to 22.7%; and with higher education, from 5.1 to 9%. Only two articles cited smoking as a risk factor, ranging from 37.3 to 63.9%; alcoholism, also cited by two articles, ranged from 25.3 to 62.2%. With regard to clinical manifestations, epigastralgia ranged from 28.8 to 38.5% and weight loss from 3.9 to 23.9%. In the assessment of the anatomical location of gastric cancer, involvement in the antrum ranged from 7.9 to 54.5%; in the body, from 1.9 to 31.9%; in cardia, from 4.6 to 12.7%; in the background, from 0.9 to 4.5%; and in the pylorus, from 0.6 to 3%. The histological type of adenocarcinoma was mentioned in two articles, and intestinal adenocarcinoma ranged from 19.9 to 38.7%; Not otherwise specified adenocarcinoma ranged from 18 to 36.3% and diffuse adenocarcinoma from 13.8 to 17.3%. Gastric cancer staging was also evaluated in two articles, with staging I ranging from 4.1 to 6.8%; II from 8.6 to 19.1%; III from 12.4 to 33.3%; and IV from 32.2 to 40.8%. Data related to surgical procedure were cited by two articles, with total gastrectomy ranging from 48.5 to 59% and subtotal gastrectomy from 41 to 51.4%. Hospital mortality, mentioned by two articles, ranged from 4.9 to 31.1%. Conclusion: Gastric cancer was more frequent in males, in people over 60 years of age and with a low level of education. It affected the location of the antrum and gastric body, being of the histological type of adenocarcinoma, stage IV and with epigastralgia as themost common symptom. The surgical procedures performed were total and subtotal gastrectomy, with mortality ranging from 4.9 to 31.1%. Keywords:Gastric neoplasms, Gastrectomy, Heath profile, Patient care planning.

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used in the investigation and monitoring of different types of diseases. The application of MRI for fetal examinations presents relevant differences, which may offer additional information to the ultrasound imaging findings. The evaluation of fetal congenital malformations, especially those that affect the central nervous system, has a great conversion in perinatal mortality. MRI is not a primary modality of diagnostic imaging during prenatal care, however, its use offers a standardized and complementary assessment of fetal health. Objective: To identify the importance and contributions of fetal MRI for the study and analysis of neuraxial malformations. Method: This is a descriptive literature review. Articles were searched in the databases: PubMed, Scielo and Google Scholar, and books available in virtual libraries. Discussion: In general, there is a consensus among health professionals involved in the management of maternal-fetal health regarding the indication of fetal magnetic resonance imaging. MRI will be indicated only after the specialized ultrasound examination has been performed and offers incomplete information about the health condition of the fetus. Therefore, the recommendation for fetal magnetic resonance imaging should have a precise indication, only in cases where confirmation of ultrasonographic findings is necessary or a complex study related to the fetal anatomy is substantial for clinical management. Conclusion: The application of magnetic resonance imaging in the study of fetal pathologies and malformations is relatively recent, but it has already shown positive, relevant and decisive results for clinical management.

O famoso trabalho de Watson & Crick de 1953 descrevendo a dupla hélice do DNA não é o marco da descoberta deste, mas sim da elucidação de sua estrutura. Esse conhecimento foi importantíssimo já que pesquisadores demonstraram anos antes que o DNA era responsável pela transmissão dos caracteres hereditários. Antes disto, vários cientistas trabalharam na determinação das unidades estruturais do DNA, os nucleotídeos. O início do século XX foi marcado pelo Prêmio Nobel dado a Albrecht Kossel em 1910 por identificar as bases nitrogenadas que compõem os nucleotídeos além de proteínas nucleares. Contudo, a descoberta do DNA deu-se realmente no século XIX quando Friedrich Miescher, em 1869, isolou uma substância nuclear que, graças a sua composição, foi corretamente interpretada por ele como nova.Palavras-chave: Bioquímica/história, Ciência/história, DNA/história, História da medicina. ABSTRACT The acclaimed paper by Watson & Crick (1953) describing the double-helix DNA is not the milestone of DNA discovery but rather the elucidation of its structure. Such a knowledge was crucial since researchers demonstrated years before that DNA was responsible for the transmission of hereditary traits. Previously, several scientists had worked in determining the DNA structural units, the nucleotides. The beginning of the 20th century was marked by the Nobel Prize awarded to Albrecht Kossel in 1910 for his work on nitrogen bases composing nucleotides as well asnuclear proteins. Nevertheless, the DNA discovery was made in the 20th century when Friedrich Mischer, in 1869, isolated a nuclear substance that, thanks to its composition, was correctly interpreted by him as a novel compound.Keywords: Biochemistry/history, Science/history, DNA/history, History of medicine.