Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

La pandemia de Covid-19 aceleró el contexto de cambios tecnológicos y organizativos en el mundo laboral, extendiendo y normalizando el teletrabajo y, en consecuencia, aumentando los riesgos vinculados a esta modalidad laboral. A partir de la Encuesta de Población Activa (EPA) y las dos encuestas relativas al uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), este artículo ofrece distintas mediciones y características socioeconómicas del teletrabajo en España, desde tres perspectivas diferenciadas: mercado laboral, empresa y trabajador. Asimismo, se analizan las oportunidades y riesgos asociados a la seguridad y la salud en el teletrabajo, examinando las principales medidas de prevención propuestas y la normativa desarrollada al respecto. Los resultados obtenidos subrayan la necesidad de adoptar un enfoque preventivo integral que abarque la ergonomía, la salud psicosocial y la gestión del tiempo.   The Covid-19 pandemic accelerated the context of technological and organizational changes in the world of work, extending and normalizing telework and, consequently, increasing the occupational risks associated with this type of work. Based on the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and the two surveys on the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), this article offers different measurements and socioeconomic characteristics of teleworking in Spain, from three different perspectives: labor market, enterprise and worker. It also analyses the opportunities and risks associated with health and safety in teleworking, examining the main preventive measures proposed and the regulations developed in this regard. The results obtained underline the need to adopt a comprehensive preventive approach covering ergonomics, psychosocial health and time management.

La evaluación de riesgos psicosociales desde una perspectiva de género constituye un elemento esencial y a menudo ignorado en la prevención de riesgos laborales. Este artículo analiza cómo las diferencias de género afectan la exposición a factores psicosociales en el entorno laboral y cómo estas diferencias deben ser consideradas en los procesos de evaluación. Se examina el marco normativo español, las metodologías de evaluación sensibles al género, los factores de riesgo psicosocial específicos que afectan desproporcionadamente a las mujeres, y los indicadores de salud diferenciados. Finalmente, se proponen buenas prácticas y recomendaciones para una evaluación psicosocial que incorpore efectivamente la perspectiva de género, contribuyendo así a entornos laborales más equitativos y saludables para todas las personas trabajadoras.   Psychosocial risk assessment from a gender perspective constitutes an essential and often overlooked element in occupational risk prevention. This article analyses how gender differences affect exposure to psychosocial factors in the work environment and how these differences should be considered in evaluation processes. The Spanish regulatory framework, gender-sensitive assessment methodologies, specific psychosocial risk factors that disproportionately affect women, and differentiated health indicators are examined. Finally, good practices and recommendations are proposed for psychosocial assessment that effectively incorporates the gender perspective, thus contributing to more equitable and healthy work environments for all workers.

La reflexión se centra en las distintas formas de flexibilidad organizativa, como el trabajo ágil y la denominada “semana corta”, ambas orientadas a favorecer una mejor conciliación entre los tiempos de vida personal y laboral. La atención se dirige, en particular, a las fuentes de regulación del trabajo ágil (legge n. 81/2017 y negociación colectiva), así como a los perfiles críticos relativos a la protección de la salud de los trabajadores y trabajadoras, y al derecho a la desconexión.   This paper focuses on various forms of organizational flexibility, such as agile work (or smart working) and the so-called “four-day workweek”, both aimed at promoting a better work-life balance. Particular attention is paid to the regulatory sources governing agile work (Act No. 81/2017 and collective bargaining agreements), as well as to the critical issues related to the protection of workers’ health and the right to disconnect.

Acceso al mercado de trabajo de la mujer LTBI. Análisis y propuestas, dirigido por Djamil Tony Kahale Carrillo Jose María Uris Lloret

Trabajo y suicidio, por David Lantarón Barquín Silvia Fernández Martínez

This article addresses the topic of Peruvian government procurement, the entity that oversees all policies and actions of public entities for the acquisition of goods and services in regions and localities throughout the country. Every procurement process evaluates its procedures and sets its standards, harmonizing opportunities and free competition for companies. In light of all this, what does the procurement law and its current amendments regulated by our legislation say? How does it address the needs and changes in the social and economic context in which we live? Likewise, public tenders must guarantee the selection processes for projects, ethics, and the general principles to be followed. The State must ensure the maintenance and support of operations for the purposes of procedural transparency in procurement and denounce potential schemes that result in unequal treatment of competing companies. The public and private sectors (in business matters) must follow current contractual regulations, with an emphasis on social inclusion and participatory democracy. The same applies to project approval and proper management of the national treasury. Similarly, discussions on the issue of «operational agreements» for government contracts must take into account the differentiated realities of each region, the social gaps that remain to be bridged, with a high degree of political presence in the capital and little future or progress for the communities. Finally, how can technological research projects be implemented to improve service and national coverage? Are factors such as investment cost and bureaucratic accountability the closest solutions to the challenge of government contracting? In this article, we will answer these questions.

The recognition of Indigenous and Afro-Mexican peoples and communities, as well as their rights and the cultural specificities surrounding their worldview, was not always materialized in the Mexican normative system. Rather, like any other movement led by vulnerable groups, it required a series of struggles and social situations to guarantee its realization. In this sense, this research paper presents a journey through the multiple historical strata necessary to achieve this entelechy, such as the Colony and Viceroyalty of New Spain; independent Mexico in the 19th century; revolutionary Mexico in the 20th century; the democratic transition; and the current political transformation.

The article exposes how, in the institutional digital environment of the Peruvian state apparatus, administrative processes and the direct access to public documents are made visible. These are implicit principles of our country’s model as a democratic, social, and rule-of-law state. In this sense, both the exposure and accessibility of documentation have been linked, complemented, and consolidated, both in Peru and globally, as vital pillars of democracy. Through these principles, citizens have the ability to directly control and supervise authorities and state entities, especially with regard to the obligation to report on the use and allocation of public resources, which encourages more direct intervention by society. Despite this, these principles are practiced indiscriminately or without critical reflection, which has led to harm. This article examines the negative repercussions of poor implementation, design, or execution of transparency policies, but also explores their benefits and proposes improvements to prevent the loss of trust in the work of the authorities and the national government.

Law, among many other perspectives, can be understood as a narrative. We have learned this through studies in the Law and Literature academic field. Based on this understanding, shaping a law and a profession in line with the planet we want to inhabit depends on an exercise in narrative construction. It is here that we must position ourselves to imagine a possible world where law becomes the instrument that paves the way for our journey toward a sustainable future. This paper presents some notes to promote dialogue on this topic.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the self-attribution of «procedural autonomy» made by the Peruvian Constitutional Court, with the aim of delimiting its scope from the exclusive perspective of procedural theory. To do so, it was necessary to arrive at a concept of «procedural norm», under the logical assumption that the aforementioned self-attribution must be limited to procedural matters and not invade material spheres. A review of the Constitutional Court’s jurisprudence in light of the outcome demonstrates the existence of cases in which such excess has occurred. This research was developed from a qualitative paradigm and with a historical, critical, and evaluative approach.