Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Resistant starch type 3 (RS3) was obtained by the autoclaving process using oatmeal. The RS3 was added at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 %, w/w) in a dough for the production of cookies. The rheological and textural properties of the RS3 doughs were analyzed by viscoelastic tests and texture profile analysis (TPA), respectively. The quality of the cookies was determined by sensory analysis and the evaluation of hardness and color. The TPA showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the variables of fracturability, hardness, adhesiveness and rubberiness. The incorporation of RS3 increased the elastic (G´) and viscous (G´´) modulus compared to the control mass. All treatments presented an elastic behavior (G´> G´´). The hardness in the cookies increased (p < 0.05) with the concentration of RS3, with values ​​ranging from ≈ 8 N (control) to 20 N (RS20 %). The sensory tests did not show significant differences between the control cookie and the cookie that presented the highest amount of RS3; the latter being the most preferred. The addition of RS3 in the dough caused significant functional and textural changes that positively affected the quality attributes of the cookies.

To preserve the milk, human milk banks (HMB) pasteurize and freeze it; nevertheless, the nutritional value of the human milk (HM) decreases during thawing and storage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high hydrostatic pressures (HHP) and spray-drying on macronutrients, microbiological quality, and inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus on HM. The characterization of HM powder, reduction of S. aureus, modifications in microbiological viability, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and ashes were assessed. The findings demonstrated that while S. aureus and all other examined microbial groups were undetectable, macronutrient concentrations remained constant during the entire conservation process. High yield (> 99 %) was achieved thanks to the inclusion of soluble fiber during the drying process, and the powder that was produced displayed high solubility, low moisture content, and activity water; which are desirable properties in dried foods. Therefore, the combination of HHP and the spray-drying process is an alternative to facilitate the handling, improve the microbial quality, allow the addition of oligosaccharides, and maintain the nutritional value of HM in HMB.

The use of bokashi as an organic soil amendment and source of nutrition for plants has received considerable attention in recent years. The bokashi, composting method of Japanese origin, based on the aerobic fermentation of waste through the inoculation of efficient microorganisms; which are anaerobic bacteria and lactic yeasts that speed up the process by shortening the time it takes to obtain the fertilizer. The objective of the research was to develop a bibliometric analysis on Bokashi in SCOPUS. The process was carried out on August 10, 2022 using the search algorithm: (TITLE-ABS-KEY (Bocashi) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY (Bokashi)) linked to the article title, abstract and keywords. The research was carried out using the VOSviewer and Harzing's Publish of Perish software research instrument. The results of the bibliometric analysis registered a total of 161 documents published between the years 1999 to 2022. The main types of publications were 129 articles (80.12%) and 25 conferences (15.52%), 87.58% (141 publications) were in English. Brazil was the country with the most publications (39), followed by Indonesia (31) and Mexico (22). Ventura, M. U. was the most productive author with six articles. In the co-authorship networks, two main networks were found: the first with Fregonezi, G. A. F., Hata, F. T. and Ventura, M. U., and the second with Grądzki, Z. The growing interest in Bokashi as a sustainable alternative in agricultural production systems should allow to establish and build networks of scientific publications, scientific revisits, researchers, research organization, countries and keywords.

Goat farming in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve (RBTC) has been a factor in the habitat transformation. The loss of plant diversity and the deterioration of vegetation coverage can be reflected in the body condition of goats due to the intake of lower quality vegetal species. Our objectives were to assess the plant diversity of the grazing sites in San Gabriel Casa Blanca, Oaxaca, as well as the carrying capacity between seasons and the body condition of the goats. Through transects in the grazing sites, 53 plant species were recorded, 36 are consumed by goats and some in risk categories. The average herd size is 30 ± 26 goats, and the average grazing time is 5 ± 0:53 h. The body weight of the goats wasnot different between the seasons, but the body condition was higher in the rainy season, reflecting medium quality (2 points). Both the carrying capacity (96 goats·ha-1 during 152 d in the rainy season and 18 goats·ha-1 during 213 d in the dry season) and grazing time indicate that there is no overgrazing.It is recommended to calculate the optimal carryingcapacity based on the goats specific requirements, plants chemical composition and their productivity, to reduce the impacts on the plant diversity.

Healthcare-associated bloodstream infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Vascular catheter-related infection is its main source. Gram-positive bacteria especially Staphylococcus spp., are the most prevalent etiological agents. The aim was to assess the inhibitory activity of the AP7121 on the Staphylococcus aureus adherence in vascular catheters. The biofilm-producer strain S. aureus ATCC 35556 (SA) was used. MIC AP7121 for SA was performed. 20 mm segments of the vascular catheter (n=3) were inoculated with 104 UFC mL-1 of SA. Three different treatment schemes (A: simultaneous, B: previous, and C: following bacterial challenge) using 1 x MIC AP7121 were tested. Control groups were included in each scheme. The MICAP7121 was 0.48 mg/L. A reduction of 2log10 representing a decrease of 99 % of viable SA cells was achieved with schemes A and B. The post-challenge treatment with AP7121 (scheme C) produced a reduction of 1log10 representing a decrease of 90 % of viable SA cells. The results observed in this work suggest a fast antimicrobial activity of AP7121 that could be beneficial to reduce bacterial adherence on medical devices such as vascular catheters

The irregularity of the color and the small size of the berries in the table grapes in the Sonoran Desert represent a challenge for their export. The effects of the application of bioregulators at veraison were evaluated on the size, weight, color and cuticle changes in the berry of table grape cv. “Flame Seedless”. 8 treatments: TEST (Testigo absoluto), ETH1 (Ethrel 100 mg L-1), ETH2 (Ethrel 250 mg L-1), AS (salicylic acid 100 mg L-1), MEL (melatonin 25 mg L-1) and the combination of ETH2+AS, ETH2+MEL and AS+MEL. A higher weight was obtained in the berries treated with MEL, ETH2+MEL and AS+MEL (4.75, 5.46 and 5.14 respectively), while the control weighed only 3.75 g; similar behavior was presented in the size of the berries in which they reached a superior caliber with the treatments with MEL and combinations. The highest color index (CIRG) was obtained in the berries treated with ETH with values ​​greater than 2.0 while the other treatments were lower than this value, no treatment reached the optimal CIRG (4-5). In the cuticular parameters, no differences were observed (p ≤ 0.05), except for the epicuticular wax content, with a higher content in absolute control berries (0.64 mg cm-2).

A greater solar radiation interception by modifying row spacing and plant density allows to increase the yield potential of guar. The aim of the study was to determine the seed yield potential of guar in response to row spacing and plant density. The study was carried out in Delicias, Chihuahua during the spring-summer season of 2021. Four distances between rows (30, 45, 60 and 75 cm) and four plant densities (30, 45, 60 and 75 plants m-2) were evaluated. An experimental design of randomized complete blocks with three replications was used, with a 4 × 4 factorial treatment arrangement. The seed yield and its yield components were determined. There were no interaction for distance between rows x population density; a significant statistical difference was only found for row spacing. The 30-cm row spacing exceeded in seed yield (2,750 kg ha-1) the other spacings (2,001 to 2,321 kg ha-1), in which no differences were found between them. The highest production in rows at 30 cm was associated to its higher leaf area index, and therefore, with its higher solar radiation interception.

The objective of the study was to characterize morphometrically and to estimate the zoometric indices of criollo Mixteco bulls from Oaxaca, Mexico. Thirty bulls (2.3 ± 0.8 years of age and 248.8 ± 27 kg of weight) were evaluated. Ten morphometric measurements were determined and from them 10 zoometric indices were calculated: cephalic, thoracic, corporal, lateral corporal,anamorphosis, pelvic, dactyl-thoracic, dactyl-costal, transverse pelvic, and longitudinal pelvic.The morphometric measurements showed a range of variation between 7.4 % (height at the withers) and 29.3 % (thoracic bicostal width), and the average coefficient of variation was 13 %.The general correlation coefficient indicated 66.6 % of phenotypic homogeneity. There was apositive correlation (p < 0.05) between the live weight and 90.9 % of morphometric variables, the thoracic perimeter being the variable with the highest correlation (r = 0.778). The indices obtained described the criollo Mixteco cattle as a dolichocephalic (cephalic index 48.5 ± 4.2) and brevilinear(corporal index 79.9 ± 7.8) biotype, with longilinear thoracic proportions (thoracic index 72.74 ± 22.12, anamorphosis index 2.1 ± 0.2), and with aptitude for the dual purpose but with tendency for meat production (lateral corporal index 94.4 ± 9.0, dactyl-thoracic index 11.0 ± 0.5, dactyl-costal index 46.6 ± 12.8, transverse pelvic index 32.1 ± 1.6, longitudinal pelvic index 37.9 ± 2.4), and with body volume in harmony with skeleton development (pelvic index 84.8 ± 4.5, dactyl-thoracicindex 11.0 ± 0.5, dactyl-costal index 46.6 ± 12.8). In conclusion, the criollo Mixteco bulls had a dolichocephalic, brevilinear biotype, longilinear thoracic proportions, with aptitude for the dual purpose but tendency for meat production, body volume in harmony with skeleton development, and morphostructural proportionality.

The floristic-livestock component of agroecosystems in Family Production Units (UPF) promotes socio-cultural wealth. The value of floristic-livestock cultural importance was identified to propose good productive management practices. From October 2021 to January 2022, semi-structured interviews and field trips were applied. The UPF, cultural practices, performance, sale prices, type of use, arrangement-spatial distribution, and physical-environmental variables were characterized. Likewise, external economic income that contributes to the family economy was detected. Cultural importance index (CI), principal component analysis (PCA), Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey’s test, and Hart diagram were applied. Two types of agroecosystems were recorded, with a slope that varied between 5 and 35 % and a minimum-maximum environmental temperature of 21.2 and 26.3 °C, respectively. The UPF was integrated into a higher percentage of older adults with unfinished primary school. According to information from producers, the milpa system (corn-beans-squash) had an average yield of 244.5 kg of corn and 33.5 kg of beans. 97 useful floristic species and 14 uses of them were registered. The spatial floristic arrangement was random, uniform, and semi-uniform. The floristic-livestock CI registered high values ​​for: Persea americana (4.5), Phaseolus vulgaris (3.0), Prunus persica (3.7), and Zea mays (4.3); chickens (2.3), turkeys (0.9), ducks (0.9) and pigs (0.9), respectively. The floristic-livestock PCA showed a higher correlation as living support, obtaining fruits and firewood; Obtaining meat, and eggs, as a gift, breeding, and fertilizer. Despite the economic-migratory problems of the evaluated area, the floristic-livestock cultural use is still preserved.  

Frankliniella occidentalis is a pest persistent that attacksthe Mexican lemon fruit. Given this, the effect of biorational insecticides on thrips pest management and the impact on natural enemies for the cultivation of Mexican lemon in Michoacán, Mexico, was evaluated, in a completely randomized design, with twelve treatments and ten repetitions; the experimental unit was a tree. The variance data homogeneity test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s comparison of means (p ≤ 0.05) were applied. In the data collection, a previous sampling was done as the starting point of the study and comparison. After treatments, samples were taken at 3, 6, 12, 20, 26, 35, and 41 days later. The study variables were: 1) the number of Frankliniella occidentalis thrips; 2) The numberof Olla v-nigrum lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae); 3) The number of lacewings Chrysoperla rufilabris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae); 4) The number of phytoseiids [predatory mites] Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Garlic extract + chamomile and rue extract reduced the thrips population by 58.47; 9.30; 71.43; 40.20; 50.17; 90.37 and 99.67 % at 3, 6, 12, 20, 26, 35, and 41 days after application, respectively.Tolfenpyrad reached its greatest effect by reducing thecoccinellid population by 100 % at 3, 6, 12, 26, and 41 days after application. Garlic oil proved to be a good option for thrips control by reducing its population by an average of 60 % and increasing phytoseiid mites by 800 %