Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The contribution of women in the strategic management of companies is a topic that gains increasing relevance each day. Therefore, the present research aims to analyze whether the participation of women in boards of directors and frontline management positions, in Chilean companies that report their financial statements to the Financial Market Commission (CMF), has an impact on the capital structure of these companies. The research is of a quantitative, descriptive, and correlational nature. It involved a sample of 74 companies for the period from 2020 to 2022, resulting in 714 quarterly observations. These observations were analyzed using panel data methodology with random and fixed effects, based on an unbalanced database. The results indicate a relationship between the capital structure and the level of indebtedness concerning the percentage of women in frontline management. However, no significant evidence was found for the association between women's participation in boards and the capital structure.

El objetivo fue identificar y correlacionar los factores intrínsecos y externos más relevantes de las Zonas Económicas Especiales (ZEE) en relación con la industrialización en el Perú, a partir de la percepción de profesionales y académicos en la gestión económica pública. Modalidades previas de ZEE mostraron un desarrollo desigual y un impacto limitado en el crecimiento económico. Para abordar esta cuestión, se realizó una encuesta de percepción con 212 participantes. Los resultados fueron analizados descriptivamente y con el Modelamiento de Ecuaciones Estructurales, utilizando SPSS 25 y AMOS. Los factores con mayor puntuación fueron: estabilidad normativa, beneficios, regímenes de estabilidad normativa, y políticas públicas de industrialización. En cuanto a los resultados esperados, se destacaron la promoción de la coinversión, el encadenamiento productivo interno y la promoción de la inversión interna. El modelo final incluye 14 factores observables y 3 variables latentes, con un nivel de significación de 0,001. El índice de bondad de ajuste final (CMIN/DF) fue 1,652, considerado un buen ajuste. Este estudio establece un modelo global sobre las ZEE, sus factores y resultados esperados, desde la perspectiva de profesionales.

Alzheimer's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative condition that affects memory, thinking and behavior, leading to a progressive decline in cognitive and behavioral functions. Non-pharmacological therapies are presented as effective options for optimizing the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer's. The objective was to define the main benefits of music therapy in patients with Alzheimer's, in the cognitive, psychological, and behavioral areas. To answer the research question: What are the effects of music therapy on the cognitive, psychological, and behavioral functions of patients with Alzheimer’s? A systematic review of articles published between 2015 and 2024 was conducted. The databases used were PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, and the Virtual Health Library. The search terms included "music therapy," "Alzheimer's," "cognitive," "psychological," and "behavioral." Twenty-nine studies were selected that met the inclusion criteria. The review found that music therapy significantly improves memory, attention, and global cognition. In addition, a significant reduction in anxiety and depression levels was observed, contributing to the emotional and behavioral stabilization of patients. Out of the 29 studies reviewed, most indicated that benefits are most evident when patients are actively involved in music creation. Music therapy is presented as an effective non-pharmacological strategy for optimizing the quality of life of Alzheimer's patients by promoting cognitive function.

The emergency oral pill contains progestin, which acts by preventing fertilization if administered within the first 72 hours after intercourse. This research aimed to measure students' knowledge about the correct use of this medication. In this study, the non-experimental cross-sectional quantitative approach was used as the methodology. Data collection was carried out using a validated instrument. The sample consisted of 120 Nursing students from the Universidad Técnica de Ambato, from both the basic and professional areas. Among the obtained results, it stands out that, in the basic area, 51% have a high level of knowledge about the generalities of the morning-after pill. Moreover, with more than 40%, the basic area has a medium level of knowledge about the pharmacological action of the pill. This same area has a medium level of knowledge (more than 41%) about the dosage and mode of use of the drug. Regarding the understanding of the adverse reactions caused by the pill, the professional area of the students shows a low level, at 38%. It is concluded that students at the basic level of the Nursing career have a greater knowledge of the morning-after pill compared to the professional area.

Patient safety is an important and crucial issue because a good diagnosis can improve health systems within each health facility at the local and national levels. The objective of this research was to evaluate the patient safety environment in a health institution in the Amazon region of Ecuador. The study is a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional cohort; a convenience sample was considered consisting of 124 health professionals, mainly nursing staff 59.6% and doctors 16.1%, who work in this establishment, the majority being women 72.2%. Among the results of the AHRQ questionnaire, it was observed that there is a tendency towards appreciation or positive score for the four dimensions evaluated, which indicates a potential for growth in these areas: teamwork 66.67%, supervisor-manager relationship 60.22%, communication 58.18% and frequency of reported events 69.76%; being the frequency of reported events the most notable in positive evaluation, in addition it is also mentioned that in the supervisor-manager relationship there is a negative score of 23.66%. It is concluded that in this facility, there is an excellent potential for development with a positive patient safety climate; however, it is suggested that the relationship between workers and process supervisors be strengthened to prevent it from becoming a weakness.

This study addresses the biomechanical risk present in the activities performed by workers in the operational process of the Cooperativa Empresarial de Recicladores de Nariño E.S.P. (Coemprender) in the city of Pasto, Department of Nariño (Colombia). The objective was to identify and assess the biomechanical risk factors to which these workers are exposed during their daily work activities. A descriptive quantitative methodology was employed, utilizing the technique of quantitative observation, which allowed for the collection of precise and measurable data on postures, repetitive movements, physical exertion, and load handling performed by the workers in their daily routines. Data collection included the use of the Colombian Technical Guide GTC 45, version 2012, ensuring the reliability and validity of the results obtained. The study's findings revealed that Coemprender workers are exposed to various biomechanical risk factors, such as heavy load lifting, forced postures, and repetitive movements. These factors were quantified and analyzed to determine their risk levels. Thus, the study underscores the need for continuous evaluation of biomechanical risks in the recycling sector, aiming to create a safer and healthier work environment for the workers. Additionally, it highlights the importance of involving the workers themselves in the process of identifying and mitigating risks, thereby fostering a culture of occupational safety and health within the cooperative.

Traditional knowledge about pregnancy and childbirth among the Kichwa people of Otavalo and Cotacachi reflects their worldview and ancestral practices. The main challenge lies in integrating this knowledge into the modern health system to ensure respectful and effective maternal care. The study aimed to understand and value these practices, promoting comprehensive and sustainable health care. Beliefs, rituals, health practices, and techniques used by Kichwa women during pregnancy and childbirth were documented. Through semi-structured interviews with women cared for by certified midwives, the importance of Pachamama and ancestral spirits in protecting mothers and newborns was highlighted. The midwives used medicinal plants and techniques that addressed both physical and spiritual needs. Before wachariy (childbirth), ceremonies such as breaking the mantle, straw-pulling, and shaking and sifting were performed, which spiritually protected the mother. During wachariy, women followed a diet based on corn, quinoa, tubers, and medicinal herbs, which strengthened their cultural connection and provided them with necessary nutrients. This study highlights the need to integrate this knowledge into modern healthcare to ensure intercultural, respectful, and effective maternal care.